从公众史学解析城市景观保护:具有文化敏感性之叙事方法

文章探讨中国语境下的城市历史保护。通过取样研究中国的三个历史街区,作者分析了"局内人"和"局外人"在理解原真性、集体记忆及其空间表述上存在的差异,同时关注在东西文化的差异背景下,城市历史保护所面临的相似的问题。文章详细论述了具有文化敏感性之叙事方法,并论称从公众史学解析城市景观,代表城市历史保护的发展方向。     

《贤者喜宴——噶玛噶仓》译注（十九）

本章译文主要记载了噶玛噶举红帽系第四世活佛却吉扎巴益西贝桑波1505—1524年期间的事迹。他晚年在羊八井寺修造了大佛及其弟子之塑像;为前三世红帽系活佛修造了金像;于护法神殿中塑造有按噶玛噶举规制和印记的护法神像,在所有上下佛殿之中绘有庄严的壁画。他还在羊八井寺建有殊胜弥勒殿,建造有弥勒像,并书写金汁大藏经《甘珠尔》和《丹珠尔》。他于七十二岁圆寂,弟子们为其修造了银质珍宝舍利塔,经常供奉。本章后半部分主要记载了却吉扎巴益西贝桑波的主要弟子达垅法王南杰札巴、司徒扎西班觉、尊者塔杰钦巴、扎斋热绛巴索南热觉、恰嘉木样扎西南杰、至尊嘉色多丹等人的事迹。本书的作者巴卧·祖拉陈瓦在却吉扎巴益西贝桑波六十岁时,接受了却吉扎巴益西贝桑波之出家教诲。总之,其弟子众多,其弟子们继承和弘扬了他所传的佛法,建寺修行,做出许多奇异之事迹。     

“金庸”与中国当代文学的危机

在精英与大众、高雅与通俗的文学区分视野之下,金庸作为一名畅销书作者,他所提供的快速消费型文学并不能成为经典的文学作品。金庸小说代表了中国极度向往的传统精神,从这个意义上来说,他不是一个真正具有"现代性"的作家,他的创作不是应对当代汉语文学60多年来面临危机的解决方案。     

武当道茶文化研究

This article explores the promotion of tea culture at Wudang Mountain, a Daoist tem-ple complex in Hubei Province that is a popular tourist destination. At shops in temples and market areas, vendors brand their tea as Wudang Daoist tea, emphasizing its health benefits and connecting their teas to the Daoist discourse of life-nourishing ( yang sheng) practices. In their marketing materi-als and on their websites, the management of the Eight Immortal Temple Tea Plantation further cites folklore and mythic history to claim profound local roots for Wudang tea culture. In so doing, this company echoes the memory narratives of more fa-mous Chinese teas like Iron Guanyin and Dahong-pao. In China as elsewhere, convenient travel now puts people in contact with areas and peoples that a few decades earlier only a few non-locals explored. As a consequence of a global trend towards com-modification, members of local groups, including distinctive ethnocultural groups, now seek to create distinctive local brands for a tourist market. Corpo-rations now regularly mine local traditions to find i-tems that they can transform into commodities for a wider market ( Comaroff and Comaroff 2009 ) . One of Hubei’s richest tourism assets is the Daoist temple complex at Wudang Moutain, which draws pilgrims and tourists from China and Greater China. China’s State Council identified Wudang Moutain as a National Key Scenic Area in 1982 , and UNESCO added its ancient temples to its World Heritage list in 1994 . The Chinese govern-ment has worked with the Daoist Federation to de-velop Wudang’s temples and pavilions, which are spread over 400 square kilometers of mountainous terrain, into a major tourist destination. The gov-ernment tourist office promotes Wudang Mountain for its scenic beauty, its deep historical heritage, its religious culture, and famous martial arts. Al-though its tea culture is less renowned, local tea sellers claim that Wudang tea has a deep history and Daoist qualities. At Wudang Mountain, the Eight Immortal Temple Tea Plantation markets their tea as Wudang Daoist Tea, using history, legend, ritual, and sa-cred location to distinguish its green, black, and oolong teas from those produced elsewhere. They seek to valorize their teas through claims about the excellence of their growing environment ( not un-like the terroir of a fine wine ) and the historical depth of their tea history. They further use legend and mythic history to position their products, and associate their teas with Daoist traditions of health preservation, including martial arts. Finally, they use modern marketing techniques to promote their teas, including a promotional video directed by a In Ethnicity Inc, John and Jean Comaroff pro-pose that “commerce has been instrumental either in crystallizing or in reproducing the sociological entities (‘people’, ‘nation’, ‘community’ ) in which cultural identity is presumed to inhere”( Comaroff and Comaroff 2009:114 ) . In particu-lar, they conclude that people use identity-laden objects as a vehicle through which “ethnic con-sciousness is materialized” ( 33 ) . They focus on the modern discourse of intellectual property rights, including competing national claims to trademark signature products (122). Wudang tea vendors have used story, packa-ging, and performance to promote teas that evoke Wudang’s history, local traditions, and landscape. Hubei officials pay premium prices for the Eight Immortal Temple Plantation’s highest quality teas, but outside China Wudang tea is not well known. As global awareness of this world heritage site grows, Hubei’s Wudang Daoist tea series may find a place among the specialty teas now sold on the world market. But for now, Wudang Daoist Tea is an innovative brand that symbolizes a heritage that is simultaneously imperial, national, Daoist, and deeply local.     

春联

从20世纪70年代初期到80年代初期，写毛笔字是我日常生活的一部分，学校的专栏，大队的大批判专栏，特别是后者，几乎我是一个人包下来的。此后，大慨将近二十年，我差不多很少去拿毛笔，毛笔成为我书房的装饰，而这一变化又始于毛笔字从乡村生活中消失。这些年，我开始重新练习书法，或者说恢复写毛笔字。不必说年轻一代，我们这代人几乎连钢笔也很少使用了。签名笔的流行，以及电脑打印的广泛，书法几乎从我们的文化生活中消失，除了那些还以书法为生的人。     

《云笈七籤》的结构和资料来源

继北周武帝主持编纂的《无上秘要》之后,北宋真宗皇帝(998-1022年在位)敕令编纂的《云笈七籤》是道教史上出现的第二部大型道教类书,它与《无上秘要》在很多方面都存在相似之处。该书是《大宋天宫宝藏》的缩编,反映了北宋前期官修《道藏》的内容和基本面貌。如同作者出版的专著《〈无上秘要〉——六世纪的道教大全》,本文的目的是考定《云笈七籤》引用的道书,以便为明《道藏》经的断代提供依据。     

病是自家生

疾病是怎样造成的呢？告诉你，疾病是自己造成的。 人类到了公元前3世纪，中国医学的经典著作《内经》提出厂预防疾病的概念：“正气仔内，邪不可干。”也就是说，只有提高自己的抗病能力，才能不病；但是没有指出具体的预防措施。     

九十初度，白寿彝终成《中国通史》大业

1999年4月26日的那一天，北京已是春意盎然。一大早就下起的霏霏细雨把整个北京城淋洗得清澈剔透，桃红柳绿的诱人景色真是动人心怀!中国史学界又一次迎来了改革开放新时代的艳阳天。     

看心理医生的吉斯

纽约曼哈顿中央公园一头名叫吉斯的北极熊在两年前患上了过度活跃症，整天不停地游泳，经过专家的治疗，现在已经痊愈。     

叶笃正：给“天有不测风云”画句号

叶笃正，安徽安庆人，著名气象学家，中国大气物理学创始人，全球气候变化研究开拓者。1916年2月出生于天津，1940年毕业于清华大学，1948年获美国芝加哥大学博士学位。历任中国科学院大气物理研究所所长、中国科学院副院长等职，出任过中国气象学会理事长、中国大地测量与地球物理委员会主席、中国全球变化委员会主席、国际地圈生物圈计划特别委员会委员、国际气象和大气物理委员会委员、国际大地测量地球物理委员会执委，当选过全国人大常委。现为中国科学院顾问、中国科学院大气物理研究所名誉所长，系中国科学院院士、芬兰科学院外籍院士、美国气象学会和英国皇家气象学会荣誉会员。