Adolescents' perspectives on relationships with grandparents: The contribution of adolescent, grandparent, and parent–grandparent relationship variables

There is limited research on adolescent–grandparent relationships, especially from the adolescent perspective and on large-scale samples. The study examined the associations between the adolescent–grandparent relationship (i.e., importance of, emotional closeness to, and respect for grandparents' views) and the characteristics of the adolescent, grandparent, and parent–grandparent relationship, as well as the interactions between several of these factors. It was based on a representative sample of 1478 students aged 11–16 from England and Wales who completed a structured questionnaire. Results supported the position that grandparents are a significant factor in the lives of adolescents. Findings of hierarchical regression analyses showed that more frequent contact, greater grandparent involvement, and better parent–grandparent relationships predicted adolescents' reports on higher levels of emotional closeness to, importance of, and respect for their closest grandparent's views. The interactions consistently emphasized the role of parents as gatekeepers of intergenerational exchange.     

唐人论唐诗——中唐诗论家之身份地位及其理论学说

唐诗发展经过盛唐高峰期后,承接的是中唐诗人,他们自觉地意识到需要求"新"、求"变"。所谓"中唐新变",是指从贞元、元和年间开始,诗人的诗歌创作及其理论学说出现崭新面貌,如韩孟奇险,元白平易,形成一股创新潮流。这些诗人,既是诗论家,亦大多是有功名官职的政治家;其诗论有承接杜甫现实主义带有儒家诗教色彩的"风雅"论,也有继承王昌龄饶富创作艺术的"诗境"说。在承先启后之余,更有一些思想上的突破。例如,中唐诗人宗儒尚"风雅",然而,高仲武《中兴间气集》突破性地选取女性诗及僧人诗;韩愈"以文为诗"的创作手法下开辟"雄肆险怪"诗风;白居易主张较为"意激"的"讽谕美刺"说;还有别具一格,由诗僧皎然、权德舆等倡导诗心禅趣之"意境"说,都是唐人新创。其贡献价值不仅在于古典诗歌,也在于现代诗歌之尚意韵味流。如此,中唐诗论确有它的底蕴内涵,在乎挖掘者深度。     

Inferences on regression coefficients in a regression model under heteroscedasticity and robustness with respect to departure from normality

In this paper we consider a simple linear regression model under heteroscedasticity and nonnormality. A statistical test for testing the regression coefficient is then derived by assuming normality for the random disturbances and by applying Welch's method. Some Monte Carlo studies are generated for assessing robustness of this test. By combining Tiku's robust procedure with the new test, a robust but more powerful test is developed.     

从美国金融危机看金融安全问题

美国金融危机始于2007年夏季，之后迅速蔓延到世界各主要经济体，对各国金融安全和全球经济发展带来了威胁和挑战。为了维护金融的安全与稳定，各国不但要提高对金融安全问题的重视程度、增强对金融创新风险防范的能力、完善金融监管体系，还要加强国际区域金融合作，并为构建新型的国际金融体系作出不懈努力。     

20世纪90年代亚洲金融危机与本次金融危机的比较分析

20世纪90年代的亚洲金融危机和本次金融危机是近年来两次主要的世界性金融危机.从金融机构的安全性、流动性和盈利性经营原则来分析两次危机的风险形成机制,可以得出对我国金融改革有益的启示:即必须全面看待创新的效益和影响,加强金融监管,防范金融机构过度追求盈利性带来的系统风险.     

劳动关系的社会控制与政府角色

法律是政府实现社会控制和社会工程的措施之一。《劳动合同法》对政府在劳动关系调整中的角色进行了强化,尤其是凸显了政府运用法律去开展社会工程和推动社会发展的作用。政府从以往对劳动关系变化的单纯应对,发展为对劳动关系和社会发展进行系统的导向。     

发达国家和地区弱势群体福利照顾模式及其对我国的启示

在界定弱势群体福利照顾模式的基础上,归纳出发达国家和地区弱势群体福利照顾的四大特征:完善的社会保障制度是弱势群体福利供给的基础;社区照顾是弱势群体福利供给的依托;非营利组织是弱势群体福利照顾的主力;自助取向成为弱势群体福利供给的目标。与其相对比,目前我国弱势群体福利照顾体系社会保障制度尚不健全,社区服务和非营利组织参与刚刚起步,自助取向尚不明显,笔者据此提出相关建议。     

Older Drivers Retiring From the Road: An Application of the Selection,Optimization, and Compensation Model

Purpose: This study uses the selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) model to compare older adults who have given up driving, those who still drive, and those who drive less to identify differences in the three groups. Design and Methods: This cross-sectional study of 281 older adults is part of the Naturally Occurring Retirement Community Demonstration Project. Study participants completed interviews that included questions on demographics, health and functioning, mental health, social support, and current levels of engagement in activities including current driving status. Results: Data suggest that driving retirement is a process and that a substantial number of people are in the transitional stage, where they are less functional than those who still drive and more similar to those who have retired from the road. Implications: Given the similarity of those who drive less to those who have given up driving, front-line professionals and policy makers must work together to ease the transition to driving retirement for those without adequate ability to effectively compensate for their inability to continue to drive safely.     

Generalized Trust and Trust in Institutions in Confucian Asia

This study examines generalized trust and trust in institutions in Confucian Asia, covering six countries namely, China, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam, and one dependent region, Hong Kong. Using data from the 2006 AsiaBarometer Survey, our study affirms the reliability and validity of using a two-item scale to measure generalized trust. Our analysis suggests that due to demographic differences, there are variations in the level of generalized trust of countries in Confucian Asia, despite the fact that these societies share a similar background in Confucian philosophy. The relationships between generalized trust and political trust, and between generalized trust and trust in public institutions, are weak but positive. The positive relationship between generalized trust and trust in economic institutions is only significant for some of the economies, while trust in international institutions has the weakest relationship with generalized trust for all societies. We conclude the paper with research implications.