从文学活动"四要素"看当前文学经典的重构

经典的重构已成为当今文学创作日趋浮躁、日趋世俗化、感官化、日趋追求"明星化"文化策略和时尚效应中一道亮丽的文化景观.经典得以重构是文学活动"四要素"互动的结果.就作品而言,内涵的丰富性、深刻性、震撼力及独特的技法是经典重构的前提.社会生活的多元化、文化价值追求的异质化,作家"影响焦虑"下的颠覆冲动、时尚欲望化追求,读者求新尚奇、狂欢化效果的阅读期待以及时尚批评家的引导,是导致经典重构世俗化、通俗化趋势的外部原因.经典重构过程是一个经典文本与社会生活互动的过程,社会语境影响下的作者和读者作为最活跃因素互为影响地参与了整个过程.     

Bayesian t-tests for correlations and partial correlations

In this paper, we develop Bayes factor based testing procedures for the presence of a correlation or a partial correlation. The proposed Bayesian tests are obtained by restricting the class of the alternative hypotheses to maximize the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the Bayes factor is larger than a specified threshold. It turns out that they depend simply on the frequentist t-statistics with the associated critical values and can thus be easily calculated by using a spreadsheet in Excel and in fact by just adding one more step after one has performed the frequentist correlation tests. In addition, they are able to yield an identical decision with the frequentist paradigm, provided that the evidence threshold of the Bayesian tests is determined by the significance level of the frequentist paradigm. We illustrate the performance of the proposed procedures through simulated and real-data examples.     

Noninformative priors for linear combinations of normal means with unequal variances

For normal populations with unequal variances, we develop matching priors and reference priors for a linear combination of the means. Here, we find three second-order matching priors: a highest posterior density (HPD) matching prior, a cumulative distribution function (CDF) matching prior, and a likelihood ratio (LR) matching prior. Furthermore, we show that the reference priors are all first-order matching priors, but that they do not satisfy the second-order matching criterion that establishes the symmetry and the unimodality of the posterior under the developed priors. The results of a simulation indicate that the second-order matching prior outperforms the reference priors in terms of matching the target coverage probabilities, in a frequentist sense. Finally, we compare the Bayesian credible intervals based on the developed priors with the confidence intervals derived from real data.     

首都营造与民国政治:南京《首都计划》研究

作为复兴民族和重新建国的象征,国民政府对首都南京的城市建设极为重视,为此专事成立相关机构制订首都发展规划。然而,受政治因素影响,首都规划的制定过程异常复杂。不仅负责首都设计的政府主体发生改变,就连承揽具体规划设计工作的政府机关亦受党国高层权力倾轧影响而发生更迭。在首都计划的最终文本中,国家亦大量植入党化意识形态和民族主义的政治理念。事实证明,国民政府的城市现代化努力,不仅是技术层面的革新,实际上也是封建时代加强统治和区分异己这一古老政治传统的现代延续。     

Noninformative priors for the common mean in the bivariate normal distribution

In this paper, we consider some noninformative priors for the common mean in a bivariate normal population. We develop the first-order and second-order matching priors and reference priors. We find that the second-order matching prior is also an HPD matching prior, and matches the alternative coverage probabilities up to the second order. It turns out that derived reference priors do not satisfy a second-order matching criterion. Our simulation study indicates that the second-order matching prior performs better than the reference priors in terms of matching the target coverage probabilities in a frequentist sense. We also illustrate our results using real data.     

制度公正的核心：实现权利的合理布局

公民权利占主导和支配地位，权力基于社会共同体对权利公正的追求而生。为避免自然的公正分配状态下权利秩序被破坏，国家权力主体在社会范围建立统一的、强制性规范，对自发秩序下的”权利分配的定分规律”以规则的形式总结出来，人为地划分出每一社会成员的权利范围。国家权力的产生是公正理念从美德领域转向政治的价值领域、人类社会由野蛮步入文明状态的标志。制度公正的本质是对个人所拥有的基本权利与应承担义务的合理配置。     

解读“80后”大学生道德认识矛盾性提高德育效益

为了探索新形势下实施德育的有效途径,提高德育效益,笔者针对“80后”大学生的道德认识进行了问卷抽查。在对调查结果进行综合分析的基础上,认识到：“80后”大学生的道德认识具有矛盾性,并分析了道德认识矛盾性的原因,重点从三个层面提出提高德育效益的途径：第一,社会层面,重构社会高层价值体系;第二,学校层面,要树立全员育人的大德育观念,内容要具有可接受性,方法上要加强情境性教育、体验性教育;第三,大学生要注重自我教育。     

清代中期的文人与广州花船

清代的广州是当时全国重要的对外通商口岸，繁荣的商业促进了娼妓业的发展。其中以具有岭南水乡特色的“花船”为代表，吸引了大量文人墨客前来光顾，留下了许多珍贵的笔记史料和文学作品，成为反映岭南社会风情的重要载体，对当时的民情风俗产生了重要影响。同时，文人的出现，促进了青楼文学艺术的发展，使清代广州的娼妓业发展到了一个新的阶段。事实证明，清代中期以后的广州花船，已经逐渐带有功利化色彩，深刻地改变了当时的青楼文化格局，成为展示社会风俗变迁的重要窗口。     

秦皇岛市高中生体育消费行为的调查

通过秦皇岛市5所高中621名学生的调查问卷，对高中生的体育消费行为进行调查。结果表明，秦皇岛市高中生体育消费的年级差异显著，在消费动机方面性别差异显著。高中生的体育消费受到家庭、学校、媒体信息等多种因素的影响。     

女性不孕的影响及其社会工作干预

本文以社会工作的专业视角来看待不孕女性面临的社会心理问题,主要从女性不孕问题现状、女性不孕问题造成的个人社会影响和社会工作针对这一问题的专业干预策略几个方面着手分析。