马克斯·韦伯的精英民主思想研究

马克斯.韦伯是现代社会学的伟大奠基者,提出了现代化理论的一系列重大命题。关于民主,韦伯并没有形成系统的理论,但在他博大精深的著作中不乏关于民主的洞见。韦伯从现代社会日益官僚化这一前提出发阐述了精英民主观点,认为民主是＂公民投票的领袖民主＂。韦伯的精英民主理论改变了经典民主理论的发展路径,同时他对大众的作用估计过低;韦伯的精英民主理论极大地影响了现代民主思想。     

论马克思·韦伯对新教伦理的实践超越——对《学术与政治》的社会伦理解读

学术界传统上将以＂天职观＂为主要内容的新教伦理作为马克思.韦伯社会伦理的核心内容,实际上新教伦理之于韦伯更多的是一种事实描述而非价值判断。通过对《学术与政治》一书的解读,展现了韦伯社会伦理对抽象层面的新教伦理的现代实践性超越,在个人领域,韦伯的职业伦理坚持学术的＂科学精神＂,力求价值无涉;在公共领域,韦伯的政治伦理坚持价值关怀,主张政治激情的精神。     

官僚制的价值与限度——兼论我国公共行政的模式选择

官僚制作为一种理性的和有效的管理体制,既迎合了资本主义的发展需要,也适应了工业社会的时代要求。可以说,官僚制本身有其合理性部分。但工业时代发展起来的官僚体制本身也存在着某些不可规避的缺陷,而且与当今西方后工业社会的全新要求相左。基于此,我国行政改革的总体思路,应是在进一步强化现代官僚制的理性精神和法理权威的基础上,结合我国的行政实践,不断对官僚制进行扬弃和完善。     

Provoking misunderstanding: a comment on Black's defence of value‐free sociology

This paper is a response to a recent article dealing with the concept of value‐free sociology by Donald Black. It argues that while a defence of Weber's position on the role of values in sociological research is necessary and important, what is offered by Black is counter‐productive in important respects. This is because it encourages some of the misunderstandings that it is aimed at remedying and, even more importantly, offers a simplistic discussion of what are complex issues.     

The Protestant Reading Ethic and Variation in Its Effects

Max Weber's thesis that a “Protestant ethic” in a subset of Protestant sects created a “spirit of capitalism” is often interpreted as an explanation for the increase in economic growth in the Protestant parts of the West before and during the industrial revolution. One alternative pathway through which Protestantism might have contributed to high economic performance is that it was Protestantism's promotion of literacy that led to higher economic growth and not behavioral changes due to a Protestant ethic as suggested by Weber. To evaluate the “Protestant reading ethic” thesis, this study examines historical events for the period from 1500 up to the 1800s in nine countries. The study also explores available cross‐national quantitative data on economic development and literacy for the same period. The qualitative and quantitative evidence supports the overall thesis that Protestantism promoted literacy and rises in literacy likely contributed to the economic development. The evidence also suggests that the impact of Protestantism on literacy varied depending on what actions were taken by Protestant states and Protestant national churches to promote literacy.     

中国官僚制度化的逻辑分析——兼论国家公务员制度建设的问题与改革方向

本文试图通过对韦伯官僚制理论主要内容的介绍,结合中国现实状况,理论结合实践,从逻辑上分析为什么当前中国属于官僚制度化不足而非过渡,提出中国现阶段最紧迫的任务是结合自身国情,进一步健全国家公务员制度,试图通过分析国家公务员制度建设中存在的问题,继而探寻未来改革发展方向.     

唯物史观视域中的“新社会阶层”

西方社会理论中有两种典型的阶级阶层理论和方法——马克思的阶级理论和韦伯的阶级阶层理论。新社会阶层是中国特色社会主义事业的建设者,并将成为我国社会结构稳定的重要因素。本文立足于唯物史观视角,主张运用马克思主义的阶级理论和方法,通过与西方中产阶级的比较,来分析我国新社会阶层的社会属性和社会功能。     

轻歌曼舞，清新脱俗——韦伯钢琴曲《邀舞》的艺术价值及演奏分析

韦伯的标题钢琴曲《邀舞》，将世俗音乐圆舞曲化为实用性的、具有艺术价值的鉴赏类音乐，是少有的故事情节完整的器乐作品，是标题钢琴乐的杰作，常被作为音乐会的演奏曲目，探讨这部作品的演奏法，对钢琴教学颇具现实意义。     

Max Weber’s antinomies of the Fall: Paradisiacal ethics and the populist Zeitgeist

This article points out that the way the biblical myth of the Fall has been interpreted in the Judeo-Christian tradition is a crucial heuristic in the works of Max Weber, an assessment that hitherto largely remained unnoticed. Nevertheless, Weber's understanding of everyday action is closely related to the various religious interpretations of what deprivations were suffered by humanity as a consequence of Adam's original sin and the paradisiacal yearning for salvation it engenders. Moreover, Weber's interpretation of the Fall is characteristic for his tragic sociology in the sense that it guarantees the freedom to subjectively create self-conscious meaning that is, however, no longer embedded in a context of common knowledge. His solution to this epistemological problem involves a Nietzschean heroic existentialism whereby individuals give personality to one's character by freely choosing their own values. Yet, he also realizes that many will not be able to choose by themselves and, therefore, will be attracted by charismatic leaders that can invoke a paradisiacal community of choice. Weber's modern antinomical interpretation of the Fall is still relevant today because it provides insight in the epistemological underpinnings of the contemporary populist Zeitgeist.     

从韦伯现代性的“合理性”到“非合理性”

“合理性”在现代语境中是一个含义复杂的概念，它可以被理解为“合乎理性”，也可以被理解为“合情合掣’。在韦伯的“合理性”论述中，既有对现代性的充分认同，也有对现代性发展的危机意识，即人们对理性单向度的过分强调，而这种对理性单向度的强调会使理性走向它的反面。从表征上的“合理性”迈向实质上的“非合理性”，其最终结果是现代性及其合理性的瓦解。