从网络流行语看汉语修辞研究的新突破——以“X爆”族词为例

本文以"X爆"族词为例,将网络流行语同汉语的修辞、语法研究相结合,考察了网络流行语所反映出的语法、修辞现象,特别指出了这些现象很可能是受到不同语体间语法、修辞差异的影响,进而从网络流行语的角度说明汉语在修辞研究上的新突破。     

一片情愁待酒浇——从王船山《姜斋五十自定稿》中观其饮酒

王船山《姜斋五十自定稿》里有多处写到饮酒的地方。在这些述说饮酒的诗句里,我们可以看到,王船山在以下几种情况下爱好饮酒：心情苦闷,借酒浇愁;怡情养性,享受生活;酒逢知己,共话沧桑。从这些诗歌里,我们可以近距离地感受到王船山的精神世界,从而更加深刻地去领略大师的人格魅力。     

Gender and Transnational Gossip

Transnational social networks powerfully shape Mexican migration and enable families to stretch internationally. In an atmosphere of such high dependence on social networks, it would be rare for families not to be affected by the opinions of others. This article analyzes this often-overlooked aspect of social networks, gossip. I analyze gossip stories prevalent for one type of migrant family, those in which parents and children live apart. Drawing on over 150 ethnographic interviews and observation with members of Mexican transnational families and their neighbors in multiple sites, I describe both parents’ and children’s experiences with transnational gossip. I show that in a transnational context, gossip is a highly gendered activity with different consequences for men and women. Although targeting both women and men, transnational gossip reinforces the expectations that mothers be family caregivers and fathers be family providers even when physical separation makes these activities difficult to accomplish.

试论明清之际中西文化交流的分期、特点和历史作用

明清之际 ,以传教士为桥梁和纽带的中西文化交流分三个时期 :从 15 82— 16 4 4年为初步发展阶段 ,16 4 4— 172 2年为发展和繁荣阶段 ,172 3— 1795年为日趋衰落阶段。此次中西文化交流是在平等的条件下进行的一种双向交流 ,不仅对中国社会的发展产生了十分深刻的影响 ,而且也促进了欧洲人全面认识中国     

Community Residents as Lay Health Educators in a Neighborhood Cancer Prevention Program

Abstract

This paper describes a lay health educator model used to provide cancer education in an urban community. Using existing community-university partnerships, the project team identified and trained community residents as health educators. This paper then discusses implications of this model for promoting community-based health prevention and practice.     

Teaching Causation in History

Social studies teachers have an obligation to help students grapple with and thoughtfully examine controversial issues, often in a contemporary context. One such issue is the U.S. use of unmanned aerial vehicles, generally known as drones. Whether for surveillance purposes or military missions, the use of drones by the U.S. government has preceded the development of clearly articulated policy guidelines. This article examines the use of drones in U.S. policy, the argument for and against their deployment, and the manner in which social studies educators may effectively teach their students about such a complex, challenging topic. Toward that end, the article also advocates for the use of an ethical and analytical framework, the “just war” doctrine, which can assist students in critiquing how drones are used, under what conditions, and the social impact that may entail.     

The “Aging Males’ Symptoms” Scale (AMS): predictive value for lowered circulating androgens

Background: Symptoms of the “male climacteric” are often at least in part referred to an age-dependent decline of serum androgen levels. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship of climacteric symptoms as assessed by the “Aging Males’ Symptoms” (AMS) Questionnaire with circulating androgen levels. Methods: 146 ambulatory men (age, 27–85 years) were surveyed with the AMS Questionnaire and sampled for serum values of total testosterone (tT) and sexual hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Free testosterone (fT) was calculated from tT and SHBG. A total AMS score ≥37 was considered pathological; the lower limits for tT and fT were set to 8 nmol/l and 180 pmol/l, respectively. Results: A significant deficit in tT and fT was shown in 25 (17.1%) and 34 (24.5%) men, respectively; the AMS Questionnaire showed pathological results for 66 (45.2%) men. In predicting a tT deficit, the AMS Questionnaire rendered a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 61.6%, only. However, multiple regression analysis revealed a significant correlation of lowered tT with a pathological somatovegetative and psychological AMS subscore (p = 0.042 and p = 0.01) and a correlation of lowered fT with a pathological sexual subscore (p = 0.039). Conclusion: In predicting hypogonadism the AMS Questionnaire in total did not render a sufficient diagnostic efficiency.     

转型期乡土法律文化对乡镇煤矿安全法制影响力考察

当前,乡镇煤矿事故频繁发生,成为煤矿安全监察的＂老大难＂。由于乡镇煤矿在地理位置上位于乡村、小镇一带,矿工大多来自本地农民工,因此,解构转型期乡土法律文化,从另一视角研究乡镇煤矿安全法制,对我国乡镇煤矿立法不无裨益。转型期村民法律心理、法律意识有其特殊性,当前关于乡镇煤矿的法律制度不完备,乡村维权机构与设施不合理。针对以上问题,建议对乡镇煤矿立法时,应遵循法律文化生成机理,并对立法技术进行改进,还须增设乡村维权机构。     

Reflections on facilitating a participatory community self-evaluation

This paper is a reflective essay about our experience in conducting a participatory, community self-evaluation of a neighborhood revitalization effort in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. We took a controversial approach to evaluation by focusing on learning community dialogues as a vehicle for program evaluation. As we implemented our strategy, two sets of contradictions surfaced. The first points to the fundamental differences between conventional and constructivist research paradigms. The second centers around our focus on dialogue as a strategy for evaluation. In response to these contradictions we performed three complementary roles: program evaluator, process consultant, and learning facilitator. We are not implying that we performed an outstanding job in these roles. Rather, this article is our way of taking stock of what we learned about our practice as evaluators and how we may expand our repertoire of skills in the future.     

构建以审美为中介的文学价值系统——兼论文学理论批评怎样应对多元化的文学格局

以人与对象性世界关系为逻辑起点 ,通过对文学活动过程的静态与动态分析 ,揭示文学价值是自我价值与社会价值双向互动的系统构成 ,并在此基础上形成以审美为中介的多重性价值构建的阐释座标 :既不应把维护文学的审美价值的基点简单地理解或置换成为闭锁于作家———文本自身的完全自洽的概念 ,也不能摒弃以审美价值为基点去直接考察和分析包括政治、伦理及其它精神文化在内的多重性价值内涵和形态。同时 ,不仅要重视文学两个基本价值取向 (满足人的基本的情感要求与注重人性深度的开掘和形而上意义的承诺 )的差异和冲突 ;更要体认它们之间的“共在”关系及隐含制衡的张力结构。这样 ,文学理论批评才能在保持文学的审美特性的同时 ,形成开放、多元良性发展的崭新局面。