20世纪80年代以来的江湖诗派研究

80年代以来,学术界在江湖诗派的形成时间、成员的界定以及江湖诗集的考订、思想与艺术分析、文学史与文化史的考察、重点作家以及“四灵”诗人的研究等诸多方面取得了相当大的成就,为今后的研究奠定了基础。     

Selecting the Best Exponential Population When the Scale Parameters are Bounded

Consider k (≥ 2) independent exponential populations with different location and scale parameters. Call a population associated with largest of unknown location parameters as the best population. For the goal of selecting the best population, it is established that if the scale parameters are completely unknown, then the indifference-zone probability requirement can not be guaranteed by any single sample decision rule which is just and translation invariant. Under the assumption that the scale parameters are bounded above by a known constant, a single sample selection procedure is proposed for which the indifference-zone probability requirement can be guaranteed. Under the same assumption, 100P*% simultaneous upper confidence intervals for all distances from the largest location parameter are also obtained.     

A Note on Dirichlet One-Armed Bandits

One of the two independent stochastic processes (or ‘arms’) is selected and observed sequentially at each of n(≤ ∝) stages. Arm 1 yields observations identically distributed with unknown probability measure P with a Dirichlet process prior whereas observations from arm 2 have known probability measure Q. Future observations are discounted and at stage m, the payoff is a _m(≥0) times the observation Z _m at that stage. The objective is to maximize the total expected payoff. Clayton and Berry (1985) consider this problem when a _m equals 1 for m ≤ n and 0 for m > n(< ∝) In this paper, the Clayton and Berry (1985) results are extended to the case of regular discount sequences of horizon n, which may also be infinite. The results are illustrated with numerical examples. In case of geometric discounting, the results apply to a bandit with many independent unknown Dirichlet arms.     

传统与变迁——从80年代农村改革小说看农民社会文化心理的嬗变

80年代是农民社会文化心理转型的阵痛时期,在农民由传统向现代转变的过程中,精神的震荡和冲突集中表现在三个方面:一是土地观念的转变。逐步挣脱土地的精神束缚,建立起与土地的新型关系。二是商品意识的觉醒。商品经济的发展极大地扩展了农民的心理空间,农民由自给自足型农民转向市场型农民,标志着农民从传统向现代的嬗变。三是道德上的困惑与迷惘。自我意识的觉醒促进了道德观念的进步,但人们更多的还是困惑与迷惘:道德转型中理想与现实、情感与理性的冲突;“以恶抗恶”者的道德自省与困惑;欲望的泛滥与道德的乏力。而农民社会文化心理的变迁归根结底在于传统文化的变迁。