The Scientific and Methodological Basis of a Systematic Approach to Human Behavior Management

Behavior management has become an increasingly popular approach to the improvement of human work effectiveness. Philosophically, the origins of this movement can be traced almost directly to the Skinnerian distinction between operant and respondent behavior. The implications of this distinction have led to a reinforcerment based technology of behavior change with which behavior management is closely identified. In the present paper, it is argued that such an alignment places the behavior management approach in too narrow a perspective. In its most fundamental sense, this movement is both a scientific and methodological endeavor. As a science, behavior management has an empirical character marked by concerns for the objectivity and validity of its knowledge. Within this framework, the methodology it employs has many features in common both with procedures of "the experimental analysis of behavior" and with the tradition of "quasi-experimentation." The essential features of this common methodology are outlined. and their relation to several imponant types of validity issues is noted. In the final analysis, it is suggested that behavior management can be viewed more profitably as a general purpose "tool" for the evaluation of any potentially effective management practice than as a technological outgrowth of operant conditioning.     

论宋人韩文善本观的演进及其古籍版本学意义

文学接受是从文学文本接受开始的，对韩文本版的校雠接受是韩文接受的第一环，韩文善本观的出现、形成和发展。不仅对研宄韩文接受史意叉重大，在中国古籍版本学发展史上也有着重要意义。     

Slope modified confidence bands for a simple linear regression model

Considerable attention has been directed in the statistical literature towards the construction of confidence bands for a simple linear regression model. These confidence bands allow the experimenter to make inferences about the model over a particular region of interest. However, in practice an experimenter will usually first check the significance of the regression line before proceeding with any further inferences such as those provided by the confidence bands. From a theoretical point of view, this raises the question of what the conditional confidence level of the confidence bands might be, and from a practical point of view it is unsatisfactory if the confidence bands contain lines that are inconsistent with the directional decision on the slope. In this paper it is shown how confidence bands can be modified to alleviate these two problems.     

走向柳宗元接受史研究

接受理论充分肯定了读者在文学系统中的重要地位,开辟了文学研究的新领域。柳宗元是一个具有旺盛生命力的文学家,其作品接受史的内容丰富多彩。对柳宗元的接受史进行研究,是一门有着丰厚内涵的课题。在走向柳宗元接受史研究的进程中,须掌握相关的理论,洞悉研究的现状,做好研究的策略。     

Repeated screening with inspection error and no false positive results with application to pharmaceutical pill production

Summary.  Repeated screening is a 100% sampling inspection of a batch of items followed by removal of the defective items and further iterations of inspection and removal. The reason for repeating the inspection is that the detection of a defective item happens with probability p <1. A missed defective item is a false negative result. The no false positive result is contemplated in this paper, which is motivated by a problem coming from the production of pharmaceutical pills. Bayesian posterior distributions for the quality of the lot are obtained for the case of both p known and p unknown. Batch rejection and batch acceptance control limits for the number of defective items at subsequent iterations can then be calculated. Theoretical connections to the problem of estimating the number-of-trials parameter of a binomial distribution are drawn.     

Minimum Size Double Sampling Plans for Large Isolated Lots

A common approach to the design of an acceptance sampling plan is to require that the operating characteristic (OC) curve should pass through two designated points that would fix the curve in accordance with a desired degree of discrimination. This paper presents a search procedure for the selection of double sampling inspection plans of type DSP - (0, 1) for specified two points on the OC curve, namely acceptance quality limit, producer's risk, limiting quality and consumer's risk. Selection of the plans is discussed for both the cases of fraction non-conforming and the number of non-conformities per unit.     

一种奇特的阐释现象：析索隐派红学之成因

在《红楼梦》问世迄今二百余年的复杂接受史中，索隐派的阐释活动构成了其重要的组成部分。这一脉虽屡经考证派等红学主流的严厉批判，然历二百年而绵延不绝，至上个世纪转加兴盛，这种奇特的阐释现象背后实有其深刻之学理动因。即1、以经史之眼观小说及民族主义的期待视野；2、《红楼梦》文本之特殊性提供的索隐空间；3、考证派自传说的缺陷。最后得出结论红学索隐派的兴起及不绝如缕，是《红楼梦》文本外部、内部各种合力推动的结果，自有其学理上的必然性。并由此可以预言，对《红楼梦》进行索隐式解读的阐释现象，在相当长的时间内还不会消亡。     

个人云计算使用意愿的关键影响因素分析——以个人云存储服务为例

通过文献回顾提出可能影响个人云计算使用意愿的主要因素及相关假设,采用科技接受模型和结构方程模型对上述影响因素进行分析验证.研究证明：个人隐私风险、使用规范及复杂性是影响个人云计算服务使用意愿的主要因素.提出对个人云计算在技术服务体系上加强安全保障机制和政策上健全相关法律法规的发展策略.     

史前浙江——一个区域性的文化格局

诞生于钱塘江上游地区的上山文化、跨湖桥文化,是浙江史前史的立足点.从河姆渡文化开始,钱塘江史前文化与以江淮文化为主体的北域文明交流、碰撞,发展出马家浜文化,成就了一个以挑战、接受、壮大为建构的文化格局,最终创造出在中华文明中占据一席之地的良渚文明和吴越文明.交流、碰撞需要有自己的力量,良渚文明和吴越文明的形成依托于原生文化的质量与生命力.     

Mixing of MCMC algorithms

We analyse MCMC chains focusing on how to find simulation parameters that give good mixing for discrete time, Harris ergodic Markov chains on a general state space X having invariant distribution π. The analysis uses an upper bound for the variance of the probability estimate. For each simulation parameter set, the bound is estimated from an MCMC chain using recurrence intervals. Recurrence intervals are a generalization of recurrence periods for discrete Markov chains. It is easy to compare the mixing properties for different simulation parameters. The paper gives general advice on how to improve the mixing of the MCMC chains and a new methodology for how to find an optimal acceptance rate for the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. Several examples, both toy examples and large complex ones, illustrate how to apply the methodology in practice. We find that the optimal acceptance rate is smaller than the general recommendation in the literature in some of these examples.