量质同构与人职适配:政府人员编制的整体性审思

直面讨价还价的惯常现象及减而复增恶性轨迹,政府部门人员编制管理应在整体性理路导引下突破数量维度的思维限囿,在多方位考量编制构造关系中顾及协同编制标准的质量、结构和功能层面以构设量质同构的编制范围,同时以动态性视维审视编制运行机理,充分关注人员与职位的对应性联动而突显人职适配的编制性状,并在此基础上生成人职适配数量指数与质量指数,进而在人员数量及质量差距调控中探索人员编制质量换数量的新路向。     

Women in War and Peace-building: The Roads Traversed,The Challenges Ahead

This article overviews the status of women and/in war and conflict literature and posits that the majority of it tends to view women as victims rather than as active actors, largely as a result of patriarchal structures. It is argued here that women in fact occupy a number of roles and create different fates for themselves, as war is also a site of potential change. The article presents the diverse situations and conditions of women in war, while arguing for the need to integrate women within processes of peace negotiations from the very outset. The manner of these inclusions,and the potential outcomes, are also presented and discussed. The article surveys some of the best practices with respect to both the analysis of women's roles and the inclusion of women working in conflict situations, with a view to encouraging international organizations in particular to seek actively to ensure that women are not only fighters and/or victims, but also negotiators in post-conflict futures. The overview thus extends from the visions as presented in literature, to practical considerations for those actually involved in the field of women in conflict.     

Success is Possible

Omni House, a nonprofit youth service agency, describes how they successfully computerize their manual information system with the help of a full-service vendor. Following approval by the Board and the Executive Director and an analysis of their information needs, a feasibility study was performed which led to the selection of the vendor. The benefits of an in-house microcomputer and the help that the right vendor can provide are discussed. Suggestions for duplicating their successful experience to other agencies are presented.     

论基层社区主要组织的功能定位

社区建设要求多主体或者说多个组织来共同完成。目前,社区建设的主体主要包括政府部门、社区居委会、社区中介组织、社区居民等。找准各主要组织的功能定位,对于和谐社区构建至关重要。     

The categorical generation of organizational inequality: A comparative test of Tilly's durable inequality

This paper develops a theoretical and methodological application of Tilly's [Tilly, C. (1998). Durable inequality. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press] assertions that inequalities are inherently relational and categorical. We focus on the specific proposition that inequalities are exaggerated when categorical social distinctions are mapped onto positional distinctions internal to organizations. Using samples of Australian and U.S. organizations we examine the influence of sex and other status distinctions upon between-class wage inequality. In both countries class inequality is exaggerated when workers are women and managers men. These between-class inequality producing processes are also present for other categorical distinctions available in the data we use (education, permanent vs. temporary worker, dominant vs. marginal linguistic group in Australia, permanent vs. temporary worker and white vs. non-white in the U.S.). In the U.S. the coefficients for relational sex composition are twice as large as in Australia, suggesting historical–institutional differences between the countries enables gender to exert a stronger influence on between-class inequality in the U.S. We further examine the institutional differences in these categorical bases for inequality by examining the extent to which they vary within the two countries as a function of two historically relevant institutional distinctions in wage setting regimes—formalization in the U.S. and centralized wage awards in Australia. As expected these institutional differences shape the extent and type of between-class wage inequality. We conclude that researchers should move methodologically towards observing relations within organizations to reflect the theoretical advances of the past two decades.     

非政府组织在应对公共危机时作用的探析

应对公共危机,政府扮演着主导角色。但政府又不能也不必要代替一切,非政府组织有参与应对公共危机,发挥重要作用的必要性和可能性;要保证非政府组织在公共危机时作用的充分发挥,需要从制度、社会和主体三个层次着手推进。     

Time and Financial Transfers Within and Beyond the Family

Research on time and financial transfers is often conducted along two distinct lines—transfers within the family and transfers beyond the family—without considering the fact that these transfers are actually interrelated. Using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), this article investigates the links between the two groups of transfers. Transfers within and beyond the family were found to be complements. Income and wealth are strong predictors of financial transfers. Black and Hispanic families lag systematically in the generosity to help the people both within and beyond their families.     

Mobile Organizing Using Information Technology (MOBIT)

Both at the corporate level and in the government sector, we are currently witnessing a transformation towards mobile organizing using information technology (MOBIT). The mobile technology wave is challenging the fundamentals on organizational thinking on four accounts: (1) organizational platforms that support productive and efficient collaboration and enable self-development, experimentation and innovative behaviour; (2) balancing the need for managerial control and action with privacy rights for the individual workers related to digital transactions and storage; (3) strategies for having workers and external users (i.e. customers, citizens) at home, in a satellite office, or at the headquarters/front office; and (4) knowledge creation, replication, adaptation, and utilization in organizations glued with IT.     

农民工社会信任危机及其思考

通过对皖北某县189例农民工问卷调查和访谈,对农民工社会信任现状进行考察。研究发现,各种社会排斥和信任机制缺失导致农民工群体社会信任危机,这显然不利于社会稳定与和谐。可以通过增加农民工收入、加强制度建设、提高农民工文化素质、引导非政府组织建设、健全社会保障制度、建立和谐的社会互动机制等措施,提高农民工的社会信任水平,促进和谐社会建设。     

上海钱业公会的成立及初期组织运作

上海钱业在辛亥革命后迅速恢复并发展起来,同业内部管理和对外交流的公共事务日渐繁多,同时受清末民初工商界结社制度导向的影响,上海钱业公会应运而生。尽管其初期的组织形式和会务制度比较简单,但其后渐趋完备,并采取各种积极措施,维护同业利益,促进同业发展,表明这一中国本土的金融行业为应对经济与社会变迁所持的进取态度。