体育运动在现代化进程中的地位和作用探析

体育作为一种社会文化现象,受到社会政治、经济的制约,同时也对人类现代生活的各方面产生影响。研究体育的性质和特点,探讨体育在现代社会生活中的功能,明确体育对推动社会发展的作用和在现代人生活中的重要地位,促使体育更好地为我国社会主义现代化建设服务,提高人们的生活质量,是一项非常有意义的工作。本文从社会学的角度出发,通过对体育的性质、特点及现代社会对体育的强烈需求进行分析,阐述体育在现代社会生活中主要功能。     

养怡之福，可得永年——谈谈古代的养生健体诗

现代人的健康标准是强调身心两方面的健康。古人也早已认识到了这一点,他们以诗的形式阐明心理不健康会影响到身体健康。古人还以诗的形式批判了"服食求神仙"的荒谬行径,强调要想养生健体必须以唯物主义的态度,注意饮食卫生,要节制饮食,不暴饮暴食。此外还要注意睡眠卫生和节欲。这些养生健体诗对今人仍有借鉴意义。     

Testing the Goodness of Fit of Parametric Regression Models with Random Toeplitz Forms

ABSTRACT: We introduce a class of Toeplitz‐band matrices for simple goodness of fit tests for parametric regression models. For a given length r of the band matrix the asymptotic optimal solution is derived. Asymptotic normality of the corresponding test statistic is established under a fixed and random design assumption as well as for linear and non‐linear models, respectively. This allows testing at any parametric assumption as well as the computation of confidence intervals for a quadratic measure of discrepancy between the parametric model and the true signal g;. Furthermore, the connection between testing the parametric goodness of fit and estimating the error variance is highlighted. As a by‐product we obtain a much simpler proof of a result of 34 ) concerning the optimality of an estimator for the variance. Our results unify and generalize recent results by 9 ) and 15 , 16 ) in several directions. Extensions to multivariate predictors and unbounded signals are discussed. A simulation study shows that a simple jacknife correction of the proposed test statistics leads to reasonable finite sample approximations.     

Maternal Emotional Styles and Child Social Adjustment: Assessment, Correlates, Outcomes and Goodness of Fit in Early Childhood

The goals of the present research were to develop a modified version of an existing self‐assessment questionnaire designed to measure parents’ emotional style and to examine how the aspects of child regulation may moderate the relation between the emotional styles and social outcomes in childhood. Participants in Study 1 were 140 mothers and children (73 males, 67 females, M_age=56.0 months). The mothers completed the Maternal Emotional Styles Questionnaire (MESQ) to assess maternal emotional styles, and the Child Behavior Vignettes to assess parental goals across two scenarios. Participants in Study 2 were 50 mothers who were interviewed regarding their emotional styles using the Meta‐emotion Interview, and who also completed the MESQ. In Study 3, 100 mothers and children (41 males, 59 females, M=58.0 months) participated. The mothers completed the MESQ and the Child Behavior Questionnaire to assess the children's emotion and behavior regulation. Teachers completed the Child Behavior Scale to measure the indices of preschool adjustment. Results from Studies 1 and 2 indicated a two‐factor scale for the MESQ, with good psychometric properties (including stability, convergent validity, and construct validity). Results from Study 3 indicated different patterns of associations between maternal emotional styles, and child adjustment for well‐regulated versus dysregulated children.     

On diagnostic checking of the autoregressive conditional intensity model

The autoregressive conditional intensity model proposed by Russell (1998) is a promising option for fitting multivariate high frequency irregularly spaced data. The authors acknowledge the validity of this model by showing the independence of its generalized residuals, a crucial assumption of the model formulation not readily recognized by researchers. The authors derive the large‐sample distribution of the autocorrelations of the generalized residual series and use it to construct a goodness‐of‐fit test for the model. Empirical results compare the performance of their test with other off‐the‐shelf tests such as the Ljung–Box test. They illustrate the use of their test with transaction records of the HSBC stock.     

Organizational-level interventions to reduce occupational stressors

Occupational stress research continues to grow, and is increasingly being used to inform national policy on worker health and well-being. Most models of occupational stress emphasize notions of person-environment fit. Two approaches for intervention to minimize adverse consequences of occupational stress follow from such models. One emphasizes the strengthening and enhancement of indwiduals and their resources, the other emphasizes the reduction ofcommon workplace-based sources ofoccupational stress. This paper reviews 10 organizational-level interventions to reduce stress at work which have been examined in various field studies. These interventions were generally found to have positive effects, and, given the limited success of individual-level interventions in addressing occupational sources of stress, should be encouraged.     

个人-组织匹配、工作满意度与员工离职意向关系的实证研究

从个人-组织匹配的理论视角出发,用实证方法研究企业的个人-组织匹配与工作满意度之间的关系,以及它们对员工离职意向的影响.研究结果表明,个人-组织匹配对工作满意度起到显著正向影响;个人-组织匹配对员工离职意向起到显著负向影响;工作满意度对员工离职意向起到显著负向影响;工作满意度中的2个维度--工作压力满意度和管理因素满意度在个人-组织匹配对离职意向的影响中起中介作用.     

自我职业生涯管理对职业决策质量的作用机制

本文采用人岗匹配来衡量职业决策质量,分析自我职业生涯管理、职业自我概念对员工职业选择与决策过程中实现人岗匹配的作用。以611名企业员工为研究对象,运用分层回归与结构方程模型的方法进行实证分析。研究发现:自我职业生涯管理对职业自我概念有正向的显著影响;员工工作流动前的自我职业生涯管理对工作流动后的人岗匹配具有正向的显著影响;员工工作流动前的职业自我概念对工作流动后的人岗匹配具有正向的显著影响;员工职业自我概念在自我职业生涯管理对人岗匹配的影响中起到部分中介作用。     

自我效能感与工作资源匹配模型的实证研究——对工作要求—资源模型的扩展

工作要求—资源模型的缓压效应受到组织与学者的关注,文章就该模型以压力主体无差异性为前提下实证结果的不一致性,引入个体能力信念变量——自我效能感,从个体与环境匹配的角度,提出自我效能感与工作资源的匹配,扩展工作要求—资源模型。问卷分析结果显示,自我效能感与工作资源对工作要求与工作压力关系的联合调节效应显著,进而得出以下结论:高自我效能感员工有能力且有意愿利用丰富的工作资源积极应对压力刺激;低自我效能感员工对自身能力缺乏信心且态度消极,在低工作资源情境即组织对工作资源代为控制下,更能有效缓解压力刺激。     

以性统情，裱丽婉至--杨慎“主情”诗学观念及其创作实践研究

杨慎在哲学上主张“合性情”,反对将“性”“情”割裂来谈,同时又强调“以性统情”,使情欲在性的指引下得到合理发展与满足。杨慎“约情合性”“缘情绮靡”“含蓄蕴藉”的诗学主张便是这种“性情”观的体现。他还以自己的创作部分地实践了这种诗学观念,从而形成一种“穰丽婉至”的诗风。