乔伊斯小说中的象征寓意

乔伊斯是一位著名的意识流小说家.在他的作品里,大量地运用了象征手法来烘托小说的主题思想,使爱尔兰首都都柏林成了现代西方社会的缩影,使西方现代社会的方方面面淋漓尽致地跃然纸上.他作品里的象征寓意主要是通过死亡象征、景物象征、动态象征、意念象征和修辞象征表现出来的.     

Gillray and the French Revolution

James Gillray represented the horrid barbarities of the French revolutionaries in his famous political satires which dramatised the event and showed Louis XVI as a martyr. He made the public aware of the dangers of the French Revolution and transfered the bloody massacres in a British context for the purpose of propaganda, warning his fellow countrymen against the disorder, violence and anarchy which could spread over to Britain. James Gillray took a conservative stance and his hand-coloured etchings alluded to the harmful effects of the French Revolution which threatened British stability, the Monarchy and the Constitution.     

Buckley–James-type estimation of quantile regression with recurrent gap time data

In longitudinal studies, an individual may potentially undergo a series of repeated recurrence events. The gap times, which are referred to as the times between successive recurrent events, are typically the outcome variables of interest. Various regression models have been developed in order to evaluate covariate effects on gap times based on recurrence event data. The proportional hazards model, additive hazards model, and the accelerated failure time model are all notable examples. Quantile regression is a useful alternative to the aforementioned models for survival analysis since it can provide great flexibility to assess covariate effects on the entire distribution of the gap time. In order to analyze recurrence gap time data, we must overcome the problem of the last gap time subjected to induced dependent censoring, when numbers of recurrent events exceed one time. In this paper, we adopt the Buckley–James-type estimation method in order to construct a weighted estimation equation for regression coefficients under the quantile model, and develop an iterative procedure to obtain the estimates. We use extensive simulation studies to evaluate the finite-sample performance of the proposed estimator. Finally, analysis of bladder cancer data is presented as an illustration of our proposed methodology.     

理想在现实中的幻灭——《一朵浮云》与《死者》的对比解析

《一朵浮云》与《死者》是詹姆斯.乔伊斯早期短篇小说集《都柏林人》的两篇作品,文章从故事的建构,显现与象征等手法的运用,以及两篇作品与作者的关系等方面进行对比分析,描述了主人公的理想在现实中幻灭后的无奈、彷徨和麻痹,展示了乔伊斯对《都柏林人》的巧妙构思以及独特的写作风格和艺术魅力。     

《尤利西斯》中压抑的都柏林形象

詹姆斯·乔伊斯（1882—1941）西方现代派小说大师。其长篇小说《尤利西斯》被誉为意识流小说的巅峰之作，它几乎涵盖了都柏林生活的每一侧面，具有现代社会“百科全书”的美称。笔者本篇论文试图从宗教、军事和城市景观三方面解读《尤利西斯》中所展现的压抑的都柏林形象。     

Variance estimation of the Buckley–James estimator under discrete assumptions

The Buckley–James estimator (BJE) is a widely recognized approach in dealing with right-censored linear regression models. There have been a lot of discussions in the literature on the estimation of the BJE as well as its asymptotic distribution. So far, no simulation has been done to directly estimate the asymptotic variance of the BJE. Kong and Yu [Asymptotic distributions of the Buckley–James estimator under nonstandard conditions, Statist. Sinica 17 (2007), pp. 341–360] studied the asymptotic distribution under discontinuous assumptions. Based on their methodology, we recalculate and correct some missing terms in the expression of the asymptotic variance in Theorem 2 of their work. We propose an estimator of the standard deviation of the BJE by using plug-in estimators. The estimator is shown to be consistent. The performance of the estimator is accessed through simulation studies under discrete underline distributions. We further extend our studies to several continuous underline distributions through simulation. The estimator is also applied to a real medical data set. The simulation results suggest that our estimation is a good approximation to the true standard deviation with reference to the empirical standard deviation.     

Confidence sets based on the positive part James–Stein estimator with the asymptotically constant coverage probability

The asymptotic expansions for the coverage probability of a confidence set centred at the James–Stein estimator presented in our previous publications show that this probability depends on the non-centrality parameter τ² (the sum of the squares of the means of normal distributions). In this paper we establish how these expansions can be used for a construction of confidence region with constant confidence level, which is asymptotically (the same formula for both case τ→0 and τ→∞) equal to some fixed value 1?α. We establish the shrinkage rate for the confidence region according to the growth of the dimension p and also the value of τ for which we observe quick decreasing of the coverage probability to the nominal level 1?α. When p→∞ this value of τ increases as O(p^1/4). The accuracy of the results obtained is shown by the Monte-Carlo statistical simulations.     

空间批评下的乔伊斯小说解读

空间批评关注空间的社会文化等属性,文本中的空间是一种蕴含多维意义的指涉系统。乔伊斯在其小说中分别从景观空间、社会空间和个体空间三个角度呈现精神瘫痪的都柏林。其中景观空间投射有宗教瘫痪的影子;而人物思想的异化在社会空间留下了精神迷茫的色彩;个体空间则折射出人物自我迷失等社会文化烙印。这三种空间成为其小说中的一种指涉系统,成功地展现了都柏林这座瘫痪中心的全景。     

生态知觉理论在景观设计中的应用

通过对生态知觉理论的剖析,从环境的提供、人的先天本能两个角度来阐述人和环境的互动关系,并把这种生态知觉理论应用于景观设计中,提出如何作为环境的提供者和如何满足和限制人的先天本能。     

双轨线上的舞者

詹姆士·理雅各既是一名成功的译者,也是一名虔诚的传教士。作为译者,他曾饱受质疑、压力重重但却执着专注;作为传教士,他力尽艰险、遭到误解却坚守信仰。他在翻译与传教的双轨上并列前行,却又努力寻找交叉点——翻译为传教所用,译者身份服务于传教士身份。