大学英语写作教学改革的路径与方法

《大学英语课程要求》对大学英语写作教学提出了更高的具体要求,针对学生写作的薄弱环节,文章提出了大学英语写作教学改革的五种路径与方法,以期切实提高大学英语写作的教学效果。     

Privatisation Effects: Some Evidence from Serbia

This paper analyses basic outcome and effects of the privatisation process in Serbia. The first two parts of the paper deal with general achievements of the newest privatisation plan adopted in 2001. We present a brief background of the results of the privatisation process, analysing changes in the structure of enterprises by ownership status, the number of privatised firms, revenues earned through privatisation, the rate of successful transactions, and other relevant privatisation indicators. The paper continues with an analysis of a survey conducted within a sample of Serbian enterprises offering some evidence about performance, competition, and restructuring within different types of firms: socially owned, privatised, and new private. Contrary to the broadly accepted statement that new private firms are leading in transition economies, according to our estimation of the effects of the ownership type on firm performance, it appears that the privatised sector seems to be more active. A comparison of the survey results with findings for three neighbouring countries indicates that there is no general conclusion about the way how ownership status of a firm affects its performance in a transition economy. Although conclusions drawn from our survey analysis should be regarded as preliminary and limited by the quality of survey data and could not be generalised for the privatisation process in other transition countries, the findings we present, including the comparison made with other economies, could contribute to the understanding of both privatisation effects in general and effects remarkable for the Serbian economy.      

公司层战略:基本内涵及其演变轨迹

公司层战略的对象是整个组织,主要说明公司存在的逻辑及其发展方向,其目的是使公司整体力量大于每个业务单位力量的简单之和。20世纪60-90年代,公司层战略的演变经过了多元化、重组和分立等几个阶段。多元化战略追求的是协同作用,重组战略以公司价值为基础,目的是提高公司的核心竞争力,分立战略是以母公司优势为基础的战略体系,旨在使母公司创造的价值最大化。     

和谐社会建设与地方政府转型

和谐社会实际上是一个发展成果如何共享、成本如何均衡分担的问题。而造成我国经济快速发展同时又带来社会利益失衡的重要因素是地方政府及其行为方式。和谐社会建设必须要求地方政府的转型与改革,改革的思路向上可以适度加强中央的垂直管理,向下要扩大民众的参与、推动基层的民主化进程。     

重庆文化体制改革回顾与反思

文化体制改革是解放和发展文化生产力，激发文化发展内在活力的根本途径。作为西部重要中心城市和第一批文化体制改革试点城市，重庆在文化体制改革中取得了重大成就。文章回顾了20世纪70年代末以来重庆文化体制改革经历的四个阶段：从初步展开到稳步推进，再到取得重大突破，以及目前进入全面深化的阶段；并剖析了30年来重庆文化体制改革的规律和经验，在此基础上提出了下一阶段重庆文化体制改革的方向，旨在为进一步推动重庆文化体制改革提供参考。     

辽宁汽车零部件企业并购问题研究

近年来,辽宁汽车零部件产业取得了飞速的发展,但是产业本身存在着自主研发能力弱,依附于整车行业,无法形成规模效应,核心技术仍受制于国外厂家等问题,辽宁汽车零部件企业竞争力不高的根本原因在于辽宁汽车零部件产业的市场集中度过低,市场过度竞争,通过完善并购方式提高市场集中度是促进辽宁汽车零部件产业健康发展、提高竞争力的根本途径。     

基于系统评判的黑龙江省煤炭资源型城市产业转型

黑龙江省是我国重要的煤炭能源基地,借助系统工程分析法,根据层次分析法（AHP）原理,将黑龙江省煤炭资源型城市的产业转型各要素发展路径（A）作为总目标（目标层）,把发展路径分为转换（A1）、创新（A2）、支持（A3）和动力（A4）等四个系统准则层。准则层又进一步细分为技术创新（B1）、制度创新（B2）等11个要素指标层。通过专家打分,确定产业转型中各系统的重要性,进而构建产业转型系统的层次结构模型,模型结果表明产业转型系统准则层最重要的是动力和支持系统,指标层最重要的是技术创新、人才政策、制度创新及金融政策系统。要根据各元素重要程度的不同确定相应的策略。     

The rhetorical construction of efficiency: Restructuring and industrial democracy in Mondragón,Spain

This paper examines the tension between the struggle to survive in a competitive economy and efforts to create more democratic workplaces in the Basque worker cooperative complex in Mondragón, Spain. Data from archival research, participant observation, and interviews are used to outline the historical context of structural change and policy-making in the complex. Language used in internal policy discussions is analyzed to explore the way in which arguments about efficiency have shaped interpretations of structural change and these organizations' policy responses. It is argued that in these cooperatives, the concept of efficiency does not operate as a neutral, objective benchmark of organizational performance, but is socially and rhetorically constructed. The predominant approach to efficiency that is emerging in Mondragón aims to make the cooperatives more competitive, but also facilitates a gradual displacement of collectively established organizational objectives such as relative equality, job security, and favorable work conditions for ones that privilege institutional interests of profitability and stability. More importantly, it has helped usher in important changes in the policy-making process itself, limiting the range of legitimate participation and weakening broad-based control over the identification of appropriate objectives and means. The paper suggests that reframing an existing rhetorical strategy to highlight more clearly the link between efficiency and any given set of objectives would stimulate a broader discussion of policy issues and help balance more effectively the diverse interests at stake in Mondragón's restructuring.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 1992 annual meetings of the American Sociological Association in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.     

‘Doing Something Meaningful’: Gender and Public Service during Municipal Government Restructuring

Research on the gendered dimensions of workplace restructuring often focuses on management strategies and their structural consequences. Less attention is paid to employees’ gendered practices. In this article, we analyse material from in‐depth interviews with front‐line public‐sector employees following a major reorganization of their jobs and workplaces. Our study makes three contributions to theory and research on gender and organizational change. Firstly, it highlights the micro‐level dynamics at the heart of restructuring by showing how workers engaged with an ideal that was central to their understanding of public‐sector work — the public‐service ethic — which they believed was threatened. Secondly, it highlights the importance of gendered meanings and identities in shaping how workers engaged with the public service ethic. Thirdly, the study shows that front‐line employees did not passively accept management plans for change but struggled to resist or transform them in gendered strategies for dealing with organizational change.     

Commodification of rural places: A narrative of social fields,rural development,and football

One of the most significant recent elements of restructuring in rural areas is the transition from an economy based on agricultural production to an economy based on the countryside as a form of commodity. In this transition process, different narratives or images of an area are produced to promote villages and other places in the countryside as commodities. Much of the literature takes it for granted that outsiders control the processes of branding rural areas, but our case study demonstrates that the producers (as well as potential consumers) of the countryside as a commodity can be insiders within a community. In this paper, we demonstrate how a local football club can take a leading role in the process of commodification of rural places in the post-modern era. Football clubs are presented as commodities to attract investors, sponsors, and expertise from private businesses. In both commodification of rural places and football, the challenge is to construct narratives or images that correspond to the pre-existing expectations of consumers, whoever they might be. Our theory-informed empirical analyses illustrate the way in which the Norwegian football club Sogndal Football has been instrumental in the restructuring of the Sogndal community.