Social security privatisation: the lessons from the Chilean experience for other Latin American countries and the USA

The purpose of this article is to analyse the economic and social implications of the privatisation of social security in Chile and to draw some lessons from the Chilean experience. The focus of the analysis is on the costs and benefits of the privatised system and its impact on social equity. Thus, the main section of the article is devoted to the analysis of the 20-year-old Chilean experience. This section is followed by a discussion of privatisation in other Latin American countries and the impact that World Bank's policies have had on the region. The last section looks at the lessons for the United States and argues against the establishment of a partially private plan in the USA.     

冯亭献上党与赵国实为诈降辨

本文通过对诸多史料的辨析认为,战国后期,冯亭献上党与赵国是其暗降秦国的诈降,冯亭的华阳君封号非赵国所封,冯亭后人在长平战后留潞和迁赵反映了冯氏家族在献上党问题上的分裂。     

知识分子是统一战线中的重要力量

江泽民同志指出 :“我国知识分子作为工人阶级的一部分 ,也作为工人阶级中科技文化水平较高的一部分 ,在改革开放和现代化建设中起着越来越重要的作用。”在知识分子中 ,党外知识分子占大多数 ,他们是统战工作的重要对象 ,也是实施科教兴国战略的重要力量 ,在现代化建设中起着越来越重要的作用。本文着重阐述 :知识分子是先进生产力的开拓者 ;是统战代表人物的源头 ;并为现代化建设建言献策     

World Development and the Restructuring of the Industrial Economies

This paper reports on the joint SPM/CRANEC Catholic University of Milan symposium on “World Development and the Restructuring of Industrial Economies” held at Bellagio, Lake Como, Italy during the week of 10–15 September 1979. The symposium was organized to discuss the adjustments required by the industrialized economies when adapting to the changes inherent in present world development trends, as well as to help define national and international policy measures that might be used to facilitate the restructuring process. This report reviews the key issues, alternative strategies for restructuring, and policy measures for restructuring discussed at the symposium. It also offers some conclusions based on the results of the symposium.     

Experiential design and religious publicity at D.C.’s Museum of the Bible

ABSTRACT

This article examines the sensory dimension of religious publicity, focused on the case of an evangelical museum in the United States. Washington D.C.’s Museum of the Bible (MOTB) was envisioned and funded primarily by conservative Protestants, and is a revealing case of religion in public life because most of the creative labor of design was conceived and executed by secular firms who do not typically work for faith-based clients. The professional expertise of these firms, “experiential design,” informs a sea change in contemporary museology and the expansion of the experience economy in late modernity. Ultimately, I argue that MOTB’s engagement with experiential design indexes the power of entertainment in late modern life, as the sensory repertoire at play operates with largely unquestioned legitimacy and presumed efficacy. By mobilizing the cultural capital of design, an evangelical museum makes a claim for diverse audiences in a deeply public setting.     

Electoral Politics, Ideology and American Social Policy

This article addresses the politics of social policy in the context of the 2004 American presidential election. It examines the divisions in American society and their distinctive agendas. It also explores the record of the Bush administration on key social policy issues and shows how it relates to the broader conservative tradition as well as to the Clinton administration's reform of welfare. Finally, it examines the election results. The article argues that the Bush administration has a distinctive agenda on social policy issues and that its approach is likely to reduce further the role of the social government in the provision of social policy, by emphasizing market forces and philanthropy as well as cutting taxes. It also notes, however, that the Bush administration has taken a strong stance on traditional moral values and that its opposition to abortion and homosexuality is an important part of its political strategy.     

美国公共管理本科教育特点及其启示

美国公共管理院校的本科培养目标明确,培养计划充实,课程资源十分丰富,课程的内容密切联系实际和时代的发展,呈多学科融合的趋势。其公共管理本科教育采用多种先进的教学方法和手段,注重培养学生的实践能力。而这一切是以高素质的师资力量为后盾的,充分保证了培养目标和教学计划的实现。美国的公共管理本科教育体现了当前公共管理教育的发展方向。我国应借鉴其先进经验,确立科学培养目标,构建科学合理的教学计划和课程体系,采用先进的教学方法,合理构建师资队伍,以促进我国公共管理本科教育的快速健康发展。     

谁是战胜日本军国主义的决定性力量？

在战胜日本军国主义的过程中,中国战场和太平洋战争究竟孰轻孰重,一直是中外＂二战＂史学界热烈讨论的问题。依照军事史研究的自身规律,理性审视这一易带民族情感色彩的话题,美国对日作战的首要贡献应给予客观的评价。其论据主要有四：美国的参战根本改变了对日作战的力量对比;美军消灭了日本武装力量的主力;美军的海空攻击严重摧毁了日本国力;美国主导了战胜日本的法律和外交进程。     

1945年英美财政贷款谈判及档案材料分析

文章主要利用已解密的原始档案——《英国海外政策文件集》和《美国对外政策文件集》对1945年下半叶英美两国在华盛顿举行的财政贷款谈判做以述评。二战结束后,美国突然停止了租借援助使得本已受战争摧残的英国经济步履维艰,财政濒临崩溃,不得不再次向美国求援,而美国则充分利用这次谈判之机迫使英国不断妥协、退让,最终英国几乎答应了美国的全部要求。至此,美国也基本实现了构建以其为主导的战后世界经济新秩序的夙愿。     

1837-1857年英国对印度政策的调整与危机

19世纪30、40年代英国工业革命完成后,英国开始调整其在印度的殖民统治政策。1837年,维多利亚女王即位后,继续对印度进行殖民主义改造。维多利亚时代前期(1837—1857)英国对印度政策的调整,主要体现在1853年法案,以及根据法案精神进行的一系列改革上。英国政府继续进行殖民主义改造,实现了英国工业资本对印度的剥削。但是与此同时,英国在印度的统治出现了危机。1857年印度民族大起义既是这种危机的一种极端表现,又成了英国对印殖民统治历史的大界标。