全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6161篇 |
免费 | 176篇 |
国内免费 | 65篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 642篇 |
民族学 | 35篇 |
人才学 | 2篇 |
人口学 | 102篇 |
丛书文集 | 433篇 |
理论方法论 | 179篇 |
综合类 | 3981篇 |
社会学 | 339篇 |
统计学 | 689篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 43篇 |
2022年 | 39篇 |
2021年 | 66篇 |
2020年 | 106篇 |
2019年 | 105篇 |
2018年 | 118篇 |
2017年 | 185篇 |
2016年 | 137篇 |
2015年 | 195篇 |
2014年 | 292篇 |
2013年 | 598篇 |
2012年 | 359篇 |
2011年 | 371篇 |
2010年 | 295篇 |
2009年 | 300篇 |
2008年 | 326篇 |
2007年 | 388篇 |
2006年 | 411篇 |
2005年 | 378篇 |
2004年 | 324篇 |
2003年 | 317篇 |
2002年 | 230篇 |
2001年 | 206篇 |
2000年 | 141篇 |
1999年 | 97篇 |
1998年 | 55篇 |
1997年 | 47篇 |
1996年 | 42篇 |
1995年 | 50篇 |
1994年 | 36篇 |
1993年 | 26篇 |
1992年 | 28篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有6402条查询结果,搜索用时 375 毫秒
991.
992.
993.
When raw material suppliers of a global supply chain are situated in developing countries, not only will there be long lead times but there could also be a possibility of material losses in transit. The magnitude of the losses will be uncertain and can be significant. We consider the optimization of order quantity decisions in such situations. The long lead times imply that we need to take into account the uncertainty in finished goods demands for which the raw materials are to be ordered. The order quantities have to be optimized carefully as they determine the “real options” that become available later in production plans. Using data from the plywood industry and using stochastic programming we demonstrate a method for solving such problems. The method combines simulation and optimization. An interesting observation we make is that the optimal order quantity of a material need not be monotonic in expected loss of that material. In addition, we offer explanations as to why the expected loss need not be monotonic. 相似文献
994.
A reduction in the inventory replenishment lead-time allows reducing safety stock requirements and improving customer service. However, it might be accompanied by increased procurement costs because of premium charges imposed by suppliers, or higher transportation costs. This paper studies a single-stage variable lead-time inventory system with lead-time dependent procurement cost. Selection of the lead-time value represents finding the trade-off between benefits of lead-time reduction and increase in the procurement cost. A model for joint optimization of inventory and procurement costs is developed. Numerical studies are conducted to identify conditions under which lead-time reduction is favorable compared to procuring at the lowest cost. 相似文献
995.
We examine optimal control decisions regarding pricing, network size, and hiring strategy in the context of open source software development. Opening the source code to a software product often implies that consumers would not pay for the software product itself. However, revenues may be generated from complementary products. A software firm may be willing to open the source code to its software if it stands to build a network for its complementary products. The rapid network growth is doubly crucial in open source development, in which the users of the firm's products are also contributors of code that translates to future quality improvements. To determine whether or not to open the source, a software firm must jointly optimize prices for its various products while simultaneously managing its product quality, network size, and employment strategy. Whether or not potential gains in product quality, network size, and labor savings are sufficient to justify opening the source code depends on product and demand characteristics of both the software and the complementary product, as well as on the cost and productivity of in‐house developers relative to open source contributors. This paper investigates these crucial elements to allow firms to reach the optimal decision in choosing between the open and closed source models. 相似文献
996.
Technologies such as radio‐frequency identification and global positioning systems can provide improved real‐time tracking information for products and replenishment orders along the supply chain. We call this type of visibility order progress information. In this paper, we investigate how order progress information can be used to improve inventory replenishment decisions. To this end, we examine a retailer facing a stochastic lead time for order fulfillment. We characterize a replenishment policy that is based on the classical (Q, R) policy and that allows for releasing emergency orders in response to the order progress information. We show that the optimal structure of this policy is given by a sequence of threshold values dependent on order progress information. In a numerical study we evaluate the cost savings due to this improved replenishment policy. 相似文献
997.
Hyun‐cheol Paul Choi James D. Blocher Srinagesh Gavirneni 《Production and Operations Management》2008,17(6):614-625
New developments in corporate information technology such as enterprise resource planning systems have significantly increased the flow of information among members of supply chains. However, the benefits of sharing information can vary depending on the supply chain structure and its operational characteristics. Most of the existing research has studied the impact of sharing downstream information (e.g., a manufacturer sharing information with its suppliers). We evaluate the benefits of sharing upstream yield information (e.g., a supplier sharing information with the manufacturer) in a two‐stage serial supply chain in which the supplier has multiple internal processes and is faced with uncertain output due to yield losses. We are interested in determining when the sharing of the supplier's information is most beneficial to the manufacturer. After proposing an order‐up‐to type heuristic policy, we perform a detailed computational study and observe that this information is most beneficial when the supplier's yield variance is high and when end‐customer demand variance is low. We also find that the manufacturer's backorder‐to‐holding cost ratio has little, if any, impact on the usefulness of information. 相似文献
998.
Agnes Meershoek 《Social Policy & Administration》2012,46(5):544-561
Policymakers in industrialized countries attempt to contain the costs of sick leave and disability schemes by limiting access to include medically proven cases only. However, a person's incapacity to work cannot be fully deduced by referring to his or her medical condition. It is the question whether using more restrictive eligibility criteria that focus on medical evidence actually reduces the number of benefit recipients and makes access to employee benefit arrangements fairer. This ethnographic study shows that physicians working in Dutch illness certification practices use alternative methods to restrict access to sick leave programmes. Doctors do not control their clients in a restrictive sense of the word. Rather, they exercise control over their clients by inciting them to internalize norms about being active and responsible. While we do not claim that this is good per se, we do contend that this control style may have some advantages over and above more restrictive control mechanisms. Elaborating on policy that supports this alternative notion of control, therefore, seems worthwhile. 相似文献
999.
Jessica Storbjörk 《International Journal of Social Welfare》2012,21(2):160-173
Storbjörk J. On the significance of social control: treatment‐entry pressures, self‐choice and alcohol and drug dependence criteria one year after treatment This article explores how self‐choice and treatment‐entry pressures are associated with one‐year treatment outcome (dependence symptoms, 0–6, 12 months) among alcohol and drug misusers, respectively. Informal pressures (from family and friends), formal pressures (related to work, healthcare, social services, social allowances, child custody) and legal pressures (related to the police, criminal justice system, compulsory treatment) were analysed. A sample (N= 1,210) representative of the addiction treatment system of Stockholm County was interviewed when starting a new treatment episode and after one year. Regression analyses indicated that self‐choice and pressures are associated with outcome among alcohol misusers but not among drug misusers when controlling for background factors and severity. Self‐choice (without pressures) correlated with a good outcome (a lower number of dependence criteria). Pressures were generally associated with poorer outcome. Alcohol misusers who had experienced threats regarding child custody did better in comparison with those not experiencing such pressure. The difference in results by drug type and implications were discussed. 相似文献
1000.
生态政绩考评失灵与环保督察——规制地方政府间“共谋”关系的制度改革逻辑 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生态环境保护与治理是国家治理的重要内容,常规式治理与运动式治理是解决生态环境治理问题最为常见的两种机制。运动式治理机制因常规式治理机制失灵而启动并通过嵌入性控制来实现组织目标。生态政绩考评试图通过例行的考评机制来引导和调控地方政府及官员的施政行为。这种机制因存在委托-代理风险、央地目标冲突、绩效结果激励约束强度小等问题,容易导致地方政府间的生态环境治理“共谋行为”的产生,亟须可替代性的治理机制来实现可行的和有效的治理。为此,环保督察应运而生并成为调控生态环境治理节奏的显性机制;通过嵌入性控制能够有效遏制生态政绩考评失灵,规制地方政府间的“共谋行为”,实现对地方政府环境治理行为的有效控制。 相似文献