Approximate optimal allocation in repeated sampling from a finite population

Samples of size n are drawn from a finite population on each of two occasions. On the first occasion a variate x is measured, and on the second a variate y. In estimating the population mean of y, the variance of the best linear unbiased combination of means for matched and unmatched samples is itself minimized, with respect to the sampling design on the second occasion, by a certain degree of matching. This optimal allocation depends on the population correlation coefficient, which previous authors have assumed known. We estimate the correlation from an initial matched sample, then an approximately optimal allocation is completed and an estimator formed which, under a bivariate normal superpopulation model, has model expected mean square error equal, apart from an error of order n^-2, to the minimum enjoyed by any linear, unbiased estimator.     

Operational Risk in Financial Services: A Review and New Research Opportunities

We present a framework to describe and analyze operational risk in financial services from an operations management perspective, focusing in particular on process design, process management, and human behavior aspects. The financial services industry differs from other service industries in ways that affect the nature of the operational risks it is subject to. In recent decades, many books and papers have focused on operational risk in financial services; however, this literature has focused mainly on the conceptual and statistical aspects of operational risk management and not on its operational aspects. Operational risk in financial services has not received much attention from the operations management community. The framework presented here is based on the premise that operational risk in financial services can reap significant benefits from research done in the theory and practice of operations management in manufacturing industries as well as in other services industries. The objective of this study is to propose particular challenges and questions raised in the practice of operational risk management that may stimulate future research in this particular area of operations management.     

Supporting the allocation of software development work in distributed teams with multi-criteria decision analysis

In the fast moving software industry, projects have been increasingly developed by distributed teams, which are located in geographically remote offices and collaborate using information communication technologies. In such environments, project distribution presents specific challenges, as work in distributed teams increases project technical complexity, communication lines multiply and stakeholders’ interests may be divergent. Despite the importance and complexity of this type of problem, it seems that there is a lack of reports, in the literature, of systems that could support these decisions. This paper presents a real-world case study, where we developed a multi-criteria model for supporting the distributed team work allocation decision for a major global software company. It was developed with a group of software development project managers, using decision conferencing and multi-attribute value analysis. The model deals not only with software engineering attributes, but also “soft” and strategic issues, like team satisfaction and training opportunities. We also discuss some issues and challenges faced during this modelling process.     

“批对批”策略下关于供应商管理库存机制的一个探讨

本文考虑了一个由单供应商和单采购商构成的两级供应链系统,在供应商采取"批对批"策略下,引入VMI后将对供应链系统以及各渠道成员利益带来的影响.我们发现,渠道权力配置对VMI作为供应链企业间合作机制的有效性存在重要影响.在采购商占主导地位的渠道中,当系统参数满足一定条件时,引入VMI后可以同时降低供应商和采购商总成本,从而VMI可以成为供应商和采购商之间的有效合作机制.但在供应商占主导地位的渠道中,引入VMI必将增加供应商的总成本,此时VMI不是供应商和采购商之间的有效合作机制.     

论节约型社会背景下高校物质资源的优化配置

物质资源是高校教育资源中的基础性资源,是高等教育活动及自身发展的物质基础.在建设节约型社会的背景下,我国高校物质资源的配置存在诸多缺失,究其原因主要有:政府在高等教育资源配置中存在错位和缺位、投资管理体制不合理、高校内部管理效益低下等.优化高校物质资源配置,应正视物质资源的稀缺性,转变政府职能,以制度建设为切入点,构建资源节约管理的制度框架体系;以科学管理为纽带,创新高等教育物质资源优化配置机制.     

改革地方高校财政拨款模式的对策思考

湖南省地方高校原有的财政拨款模式,一般采用多目标财政拨款模式、基数加增长模式和调控性专项拨款模式等。这些拨款模式存在一定的缺陷,因此,采用多重目标合理组合的拨款思路,坚持公平、透明、有效的拨款原则,推行多政策参数的拨款公式,是改革湖南省地方高校拨款模式的策略选择。     

我国城镇劳动力配置二元结构及其转换

本文提出我国城镇劳动力配置的二元结构表现在就业体制二元性,工资收入调节双轨运行,城乡劳动就业区别和户籍壁垒三大方而.认为其主要原因是国企改革与劳动力退出障碍互为因果,体制内就业者的既得利益刚性,社会保障制度改革滞后和劳动力供求严重失衡.在此基础上对转换二元结构的目标、途径、过程、模式选样作出论证,最后从促进企业家市场和工资市场化,实施再就业工程,完善社会保险制度,缩小劳动力供求差距和改革户籍制度等五方面提出相应对策.     

含风险价值约束资产配置模型的分析与应用

在经典均值-方差模型的基础上,提出了存在交易费用时基于风险价值约束的资产配置模型.给出了该模型的解析算法,对最优解的存在性条件进行分析.针对我国资本市场数据,提出了机构投资资金应用该模型在大类别资产中的最优配置比例.     

中央与地方政府关系对公共资源配置影响的时空分析--以交通基础设施发展为例

把与交通基础设施发展相关的权力进行分类,提出权力时空尺度的概念,并把权力的时空尺度具体化为权力主体与客体的时间尺度和空间尺度。从时空的角度形成中央与地方政府关系对公共资源配置影响的解释框架,通过逻辑推理和实证研究的方法对理论进行验证,可知在交通基础设施发展中,权力主体与客体的时空关系在很大程度上决定着公共资源的配置效率,通过权力的尺度重组分别实现事权、财权、行政首长任免权和监督权主、客体时空尺度的匹配,有助于提高公共资源的配置效率。我国目前应进一步完善基层人大制度,在更大程度上实现地方政府与当地公众的激励相容;进一步加强中央政府对地方政府的合法性监督。     

对冲通胀风险的战略视角与微观选择

针对通货膨胀风险,以盯住通胀率为目标,基于随机混合整数规划模型(SMIP)构建了具有通胀保护功能的大宗商品期货投资组合,实现对通货膨胀率的动态跟踪.结果表明,基于盯住通胀率所构建的动态调整的商品期货投资组合能够以较低成本跑赢CPI指数,从而保证获得高于市场通胀率的较稳定的超额投资收益.对通胀保护能力的检验结果表明,商品期货投资组合具有良好的通胀保护功能,能够有效对冲通胀风险,有助于建立长期价格稳定机制.研究结果为企业和机构投资者在既定通胀水平下对冲通胀风险提供了一个具有战略意义的微观选择.