成长与焦虑:世纪之交的女大学生的心理困惑与出路

当代女大学生是女性群体中高知识层次、高综合素质、最年轻最富有朝气的优秀群体 ,她们是中国 2 1世纪社会主义建设的主力军。这个集独生子女、青年、女性、知识分子于一体的特殊群体 ,在成长过程中有自身独特的发展规律 ,也存在各种各样的心理困惑。高等院校应从性别差异的角度对她们进行引导、帮助和教育 ,培养她们自尊自信自立自强的心理品格 ,使女大学生心理素质得到提高 ,人格得到完善     

School anxiety and depression among immigrant youth in America: Differences by region of birth and language proficiency

This study sought to examine school anxiety and depression by parents’ immigrant status and identify differences by region of birth and language proficiency. Data were used from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study‐Kindergarten Cohort, a nationally representative and longitudinal study of students in the United States. The analytic sample included 6,156 youth. Linear regression models predicted school anxiety and depression of American eighth grade students from English proficiency and parents’ region of birth. Controlling for demographic covariates, there was no significant difference in school anxiety or depression between youth with American‐born parents and those with parents born in any major world region. With the inclusion of an interaction between language proficiency and region of birth, children with limited English proficiency from Europe (B = 2.86, 95% CI = 2.16, 3.55), Central America (B = 1.52, 95% CI = 0.73, 2.31), Asia (B = 1.48, 95% CI = 0.55, 2.40), and South America (B = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.08, 1.61) had significantly heightened school anxiety compared to native‐English speakers with native‐born parents. When considering sources of school anxiety, it was revealed that over 60% of these youth worried about doing well in school. Future research should explore interventions to increase English proficiency and ease school‐related stress among children of immigrants.     

Does Contact Matter?: The Relative Importance of Contact in Predicting Anti-Gay Prejudice in Jamaica

ABSTRACT

Jamaica has been called one of the world’s most anti-gay countries. However, little empirical research has investigated methods of reducing this prejudice. Intergroup contact—(positive) interaction with someone from a different social group—is one of the most widely tested and strongly favored methods of reducing prejudice. However, the role of contact in this specific context is not clear, particularly the relative importance of contact compared to other variables that predict (less) prejudice. This current cross-sectional research investigated that question using a large, representative sample of Jamaican participants (N = 942). As in prior research, contact predicted less anti-gay prejudice, and the (negative) relationship between contact and anti-gay behaviors was mediated by intergroup anxiety and attitudes, even when other important predictors were taken into account. However, contact was a less important predictor than gender, education, or religiosity. Implications for intergroup contact and prejudice-reduction strategies in Jamaica are discussed.     

外语课堂中的焦虑研究

第二语言习得中,焦虑越来越成为关注的焦点。很多理论学家都认为焦虑是人类的基本情感之一,是个性的重要表现形式。尽管理论学家和语言学家对焦虑的划分不一,且其表现形式多样,但大量的研究都表明,焦虑对语言学习有着负面的影响。在国外,焦虑研究受到相当重视;在中国,尽管焦虑在英语学习者中比较普遍,焦虑研究仍被忽视。笔者在教学及考试中屡屡发现不少学生高度焦虑(如声音发颤等现象)。这种紧张必将影响学生们的外语学习成绩,值得语言教师和外语研究人员的关注。文章综述国外外语课堂中焦虑研究的发展、外语习得中焦虑产生的原因及其后果,为中国语言教师和外语研究人员研究焦虑提供一些借鉴。     

多媒体网络环境下的外语学习焦虑

外语学习焦虑是阻碍有效的语言学习的主要因素。对外语学习焦虑的定义、分类,以及引起焦虑的因素的论述和焦虑研究成果的介绍,并将研究理论引入多媒体网络辅助语言教学实践中,可以探究多媒体网络辅助语言学习环境对学生外语学习焦虑的影响,并根据多媒体网络环境下的语言学习与学习焦虑相关性研究和实验,提出教师应根据多媒体网络教学环境对语言学习焦虑的影响调整自己的教学或教学管理,以促进学生语言学习的效率。     

外语学习焦虑理论与外语教学

外语学习焦虑是影响学生外语学习效果的一个重要情感因素。对西方外语学习焦虑的研究和探讨,结合实际教学经验,提出了克服和减轻我国学生外语学习焦虑的策略:教师起主导作用;自信心对学好语言至关重要等。     

Effectiveness of mindfulness-based coloring for university students’ test anxiety

Abstract

Objective: This study compared the effectiveness of mindfulness coloring (mandala), free drawing/coloring, and a noncoloring control activity for university students’ test anxiety, and assessed the relationship of dispositional mindfulness and response to intervention on mindfulness and test anxiety states. Participants: University students (n?=?167; 81.4% female; M_age = 21.29?years, SD?=?4.46) were randomly assigned to a mandala (n?=?57), free draw/coloring (n?=?58), or noncoloring condition (n?=?52). Methods: Participants completed standardized measures assessing test anxiety and state mindfulness pre–postactivity before completing a test, and two dispositional mindfulness measures. Results: Participants in both coloring conditions reported significant decreases in test anxiety and significant increases in state mindfulness pre–postintervention, and participants in the control condition reported significant increases in test anxiety. Reports of preintervention state mindfulness and test anxiety fully mediated relations between dispositional mindfulness and postintervention state mindfulness and test anxiety. Conclusions: Implications for research and practice on mindfulness coloring and test anxiety are discussed.     

特质自尊与焦虑的关系研究

目的：研究特质自尊与焦虑的关系。方法：被试为317名大学生，研究工具为特质自尊量表（SLCS）、特质焦虑问卷、Zung焦虑自评量表，统计方法为积差相关、回归分析。结果：特质自尊及自我喜爱、自我能力分维度与特质、ZUNG氏焦虑总分及各分维度得分均呈显著负相关。特质自尊与特质、ZUNG焦虑分别可以解释对方28.0%、32.1%的变异量；自我喜爱与特质、ZUNG焦虑分别可以解释对方27.5、31.1%的变异量；自我能力与特质、ZUNG焦虑分别可以解释对方21.3%、24.8%的变异量。结论：与自我能力相比，自我喜爱可以更好地预测焦虑的发生。自我能力与特质焦虑存在的相关比它与特质焦虑缺失的相关高。     

Emotions and Nationalism: Armenian Genocide as a Case Study

Until recently, sociologists have paid surprisingly little attention to the relationship between emotions and nationalism. Existing accounts remain homogeneous, linear and nonrelational. To remedy this gap, this article compares public controversies in Turkey over the Armenian genocide at two historical moments: its semi‐centennial anniversary in 1965, and the publication of an article in 2004 by the Armenian‐Turkish journalist Hrant Dink that led to his assassination in 2007. It demonstrates that the genocide, and the conflicting epistemic structures that it incites, is a source of anxiety for Armenians due to their actual displacement within the nation. It is also a source of anxiety for Turks due to the perceived threat of displacement within the nation. These relational anxieties over the nation played an important role, during these two events, in reproducing hierarchical and exclusionary configurations, experiences, and representations of nationhood. During the 1965 semi‐centennial, Armenians reacted to the mainstream Turkish public's anxieties by pledging their loyalty to the state. Dink's assassination in 2007, on the other hand, showcases how an attempt by the excluded to redefine the what and who of the nation united otherwise separate social sections around a nationalist front.     

肖江虹小说的民俗叙事

民俗是青年作家肖江虹一直以来最为偏爱的书写主题.肖江虹以充满善意、怜悯的文心与精致、细腻的匠心将故土民俗作为叙事主体,或将民俗植入具体的社会生活事件,予以精细打磨,一步步雕琢出民俗的独特纹理,逼近了个体生命、社会生活与精神世界的真实镜像,并由此而上通过仪式的消解与坚持,演绎出民俗在城乡对峙和文化焦虑中的异化与陷落,亦让小说文本形成悲怆性、反思性的召唤本质.面对现代文明的种种困境,肖江虹在绵密的书写中通过复原、复魅让民俗回归生活的细流,亦藉此塑造了一系列坚挺的乡间人物,同时借助民俗与死亡的叙事勾连,辟出了一条蕴含了行为复归、精神回乡的救赎之路,实现了民俗叙事的重构与突围.