The disembedded digital economy: Social protection for new economy employment in China

This research focuses upon employment in the new economy, exploring labour protection and social protection in the digital age in China. Through an empirical survey conducted in three Chinese cities, social insurance and the labour rights of employees in the digital economic sector, such as gig employment, e-commerce, and various other forms of online employment, have been examined in-depth. This study reveals new regulatory loopholes in the digital labour market, which have substantially eroded the basis of social policy arrangements in China, “softening” participation in social insurance branches and compliance with labour regulations remarkably. Drawing upon the theoretical concepts of Polanyi on embeddedness and disembeddedness, we argue that the digital employment sector in China has been increasingly disembedded from social institutions and social control. The new configuration in the digital field of social policy requires novel conceptual models and institutional settings to cope with increasing social risks in virtual spaces.     

政府减排目标、产业结构与污染减排

政府是污染减排的重要主体,了解其行为对污染减排的作用对提升污染减排效果及实现中国绿色发展具有重要意义。创造性地将政府减排目标纳入研究框架,构建面板门槛模型,从工业污染排放总量的角度分析政府减排目标、产业结构、经济规模等因素对地方污染减排的影响,并用工业污染物强度进行稳健性检验。结果显示,政府减排目标对污染减排的作用存在阶段性不同:经济发展初级阶段,政府减排目标对污染排放总量的作用方向为正; 经济发展水平较高时,作用方向为负; 两者之间存在适应性调整阶段,作用方向具有不确定性,但总体由正向作用向负向作用转变。产业结构对工业污染排放总量的作用方向因污染物种类而异,经济规模对工业污染排放总量作用方向为正。     

Politics and Scientific Expertise: Scientists, Risk Perception, and Nuclear Waste Policy

To study the homogeneity and influences on scientists'perspectives of environmental risks, we have examined similarities and differences in risk perceptions, particularly regarding nuclear wastes, and policy preferences among 1011 scientists and engineers. We found significant differences ( p 0.05)in the patterns of beliefs among scientists from different fields of research. In contrast to physicists, chemists, and engineers, life scientists tend to: (a)perceive the greatest risks from nuclear energy and nuclear waste management; (b)perceive higher levels of overall environmental risk; (c)strongly oppose imposing risks on unconsenting individuals; and (d)prefer stronger requirements for environmental management. On some issues related to priorities among public problems and calls for government action, there are significant variations among life scientists or physical scientists. We also found that–independently of field of research–perceptions of risk and its correlates are significantly associated with the type of institution in which the scientist is employed. Scientists in universities or state and local governments tend to see the risks of nuclear energy and wastes as greater than scientists who work as business consultants, for federal organizations, or for private research laboratories. Significant differences also are found in priority given to environmental risks, the perceived proximity of environmental disaster, willingness to impose risks on an unconsenting population, and the necessity of accepting risks and sacrifices.     

森林可持续经营的政策支持体系——亚太区域示范林项目中国临安示范林实践

运用参与性诊断(即PRRA)方法对临安示范林地区的森林经营主要政策进行了诊断分析,找出了现行政策存在的问题,如:政策环境欠佳,产权政策不到位,税费政策不合理,林业产品生产、加工和销售脱节,森林生态效益补偿政策欠规范、不合理等.同时,运用参与性设计的方法对若干主要政策进行专项设计,并在此基础上,从优化森林可持续经营的政策环境和规范政策系统运行两方面入手,提出一套科学、合理和有效的适合当地水平的森林可持续经营综合设计方案,以促进示范林网络的发展.     

集中优势发展重庆电子信息产业

在分析重庆市电子信息设备制造业现状、发展的有利与不利因素以及国内外发展态势的基础上对重庆(?)子信息产业的发展提出了九条对策建议。     

装备工业的快速发展与产业结构的优化升级

落后的技术装备水平是导致我国工业粗放型增长并进而导致结构性矛盾的重要原因。在新的发展阶段 ,优化产业结构 ,淘汰落后技术 ,全面更新技术手段和生产设备 ,加快装备工业发展 ,推进关键设备国产化 ,成为提高国民经济运行质量和效益的战略性环节     

WTO框架下我国农业发展的政策选择

本文对WTO框架下我国农业发展进行了讨论,实证分析了我国农业发展的现状,并对WTO框架下我国农业发展的政策空间进行分析,指出了在WTO框架下我国农业发展的政策取向和实施措施.     

矿业城市风险规避的相关政策研究

矿业城市是一类在资源开发和利用基础上发展起来的城市 ,大多数矿业城市具有资源依赖性的特点 ,并较易形成“矿竭城衰”。本文对现有研究成果进行了概括 ,并着重从三个方面探讨了矿业城市可持续发展的相关政策建议 ,包括建立矿业城市发展的早期预警系统、建立矿业城市可持续发展基金、降低矿业类产业的退出壁垒等     

20年代初苏俄在外蒙古问题上的对华政策

20世纪20年代初期中苏建交谈判期间,苏俄从其自身国家安全利益出发,采取强行出兵外蒙追剿白匪和坚持长期驻军库伦的作法,来占有当时主权属于中国的外蒙古地区,在外蒙古问题上对华采取了大国沙文主义和民族利己主义政策.     

抗战前十年南京国民政府的禁烟禁毒政策

烟毒影响近代中国社会至深且巨 ,南京国民政府自成立之日起便展开对这一社会问题的治理工作。抗战前十年其禁烟政策历经“寓禁于征”、断禁和渐禁三个阶段的演变 ,在禁烟领域作出了自己的努力 ,并取得阶段性成果 ,北洋军阀时期烟毒大泛滥的局面得到基本扼制。