Practical Maximum Pseudolikelihood for Spatial Point Patterns(with Discussion)

This paper describes a technique for computing approximate maximum pseudolikelihood estimates of the parameters of a spatial point process. The method is an extension of Berman & Turner's (1992) device for maximizing the likelihoods of inhomogeneous spatial Poisson processes. For a very wide class of spatial point process models the likelihood is intractable, while the pseudolikelihood is known explicitly, except for the computation of an integral over the sampling region. Approximation of this integral by a finite sum in a special way yields an approximate pseudolikelihood which is formally equivalent to the (weighted) likelihood of a loglinear model with Poisson responses. This can be maximized using standard statistical software for generalized linear or additive models, provided the conditional intensity of the process takes an 'exponential family' form. Using this approach a wide variety of spatial point process models of Gibbs type can be fitted rapidly, incorporating spatial trends, interaction between points, dependence on spatial covariates, and mark information.     

Assessment of Uncertainty in High Frequency Data: The Observed Asymptotic Variance

The availability of high frequency financial data has generated a series of estimators based on intra‐day data, improving the quality of large areas of financial econometrics. However, estimating the standard error of these estimators is often challenging. The root of the problem is that traditionally, standard errors rely on estimating a theoretically derived asymptotic variance, and often this asymptotic variance involves substantially more complex quantities than the original parameter to be estimated. Standard errors are important: they are used to assess the precision of estimators in the form of confidence intervals, to create “feasible statistics” for testing, to build forecasting models based on, say, daily estimates, and also to optimize the tuning parameters. The contribution of this paper is to provide an alternative and general solution to this problem, which we call Observed Asymptotic Variance. It is a general nonparametric method for assessing asymptotic variance (AVAR). It provides consistent estimators of AVAR for a broad class of integrated parameters Θ = ∫ θ_t dt, where the spot parameter process θ can be a general semimartingale, with continuous and jump components. The observed AVAR is implemented with the help of a two‐scales method. Its construction works well in the presence of microstructure noise, and when the observation times are irregular or asynchronous in the multivariate case. The methodology is valid for a wide variety of estimators, including the standard ones for variance and covariance, and also for more complex estimators, such as, of leverage effects, high frequency betas, and semivariance.     

前沿意识、学术积累与学术创新 ——社科类学术论文写作应注意的几个问题

前沿意识是指研究者对所研究的学科、领域研究动态的把握;学术积累是指研究者为其研究所做的学术准备工作.学术创新是指研究者在其科研活动中所提出的新的观点、新的研究方法和新的研究思路.只有树立前沿意识,才能够避免科研工作的盲目性,选准研究的突破口;才能充分借鉴他人的研究成果,起到事半功倍的效果.只有重视学术积累,进行广泛而深厚的学术积累,才能超越前人,取得创新性成果.缺乏前沿意识,疏于学术积累,其结果只能对学术研究活动造成戕害.     

核心价值：从“天上”到“人间”

任何社会都有其独特的精神气质，它植根于现实的生产方式、政治氛围和文化底蕴之中，普照了当下的道德、法律规范和人们的价值追求，建构了社会的核心价值及其体系。核心价值，从逻辑运思来看，它是中心和边缘的统一，代表着整个价值体系的总的特征和方向，决定和规制着非核心价值；它内在地蕴含着一种自为的实践的价值机理，这样的核心价值及其理论体系因此获得了旗帜性和范导性的生活表征。     

贵州矿产开采业产业链整合实证研究的调研报告

贵州省凭借拥有矿产资源储量优势，目前已将矿产开采业作为拉动贵州经济的支柱产业，但是，资源量大的同时，经济利用较差，绝大多数开采企业规模较小，能否利用资源优势，仍面临不少问题和挑战。本文是对贵州81家开采企业的调研报告，希望已此为基础，探讨如何将贵州资源优势转变为产业优势，以增强贵州矿产开采企业的竞争优势。     

用干涉滤波技术实现图象边缘增强

本文提出了用干涉及滤波技术实现图象边缘增强的一种新方法。将同一物体的一张正确对焦的透明片与另一张离焦的透明片重叠放在透镜的前面,在单色平行光照射下,在透镜的后焦面上得到两图象的谱的干涉,通过对干涉条纹的适当滤波,可在输出面得到边缘增强的象。     

关于单形体积与棱长的两个几何不等式

获得了涉及ｎ维单形的体积与棱长的两个几何不等式，推广了已有文献的有关结果．     

构筑全球竞争优势的新模式——战略网络

网络经济时代的竞争已不再是单个企业之间的竞争，而是企业合作网络之间的竞争，这是一种新的竞争形态——网络竞争。战略网络就是在这种背景下兴起和发展起来的新战略思想。讨论跨国公司从并购到构筑战略网络参与全球竞争模式的演化过程，认为战略网络的兴起和发展是适应全球经营环境的必然选择，跨国公司通过战略网络可以构筑全球竞争优势。     

灵魂的珍珠项链--余光中诗歌从边缘切入的两种向度窥探

真正的诗人总是保持恒久的前倾姿态,在人格上确立一种自觉的边缘意识.正如古今中外一切大作家大诗人一样,余光中的生命境界和精神世界是立体多元而又充满矛盾的,同时也保持其微妙与和谐的统一.余光中展现的世界具有多重的美学内蕴和多维路向.我们发现,当诗人从边缘立场出发,至少在两种向度上同时展开一是既能作为个体生命独特的心灵图景与创作主体的生命感受;二是又能作为表现出人与超自然两个层次的契合上,发出关于人类生命终极意义的追寻和关注以及体现出文化与历史传承的真义.余光中诗歌对当代华文诗歌写作有着重要的启示和意义.     

颠覆的意义——关于断裂作家群的精神考察

本文从考察当下文坛的叙事危机入手,对文革以后20年内知识分子角色转换,文学话语转型大背景下断裂作家群的文学创作、理论实践及其与先锋作家、"七十年代以后"作家的比较进行探究,以发掘他们写作的现实条件、心理根源及意义和价值指向;从而切入具体作品的主题解析,并由此逐渐揭示出断裂作家群的文学创作和文学活动所提供的启示性即解决经典历史叙事危机的某种新的可能性.