博物馆藏品档案建设的基本策略

文章阐述了藏品档案建设的意义、存在的现实问题,并在此基础上探讨了影响藏品档案建设的主客观因素,进一步提出了加强藏品档案良性建设的基本策略。     

城市博物馆的民俗陈列研究——以《香港故事》和《京城旧事:老北京民俗展》为例

在城市生活日益向信息化、智能化发展的时代,城市博物馆的民俗陈列,记录了百姓对旧生活的记忆、展示过去的民间生活历史。香港历史博物馆的《香港故事》和首都博物馆的《京城旧事:老北京民俗展》两个展览是城市博物馆民俗展示的典型代表,为国内博物馆界一致认可。本文以这两个展览为例,讨论城市博物馆如何选择民俗陈列的内容和展示手段,并探讨在城市现代化生活背景下民俗陈列的价值和特点。     

浅论博物馆在新农村公共文化教育中的作用

博物馆是为公众利益服务的文化教育机构，它的三大职能是收藏、研究和教育。随着社会主义新农村公共文化教育的繁荣发展，博物馆的社会文化教育与服务职能日益凸显，为充分发挥博物馆的社会效益、推动社会公共文化的进程起到了积极作用。使博物馆文化教育惠及到农村地区，把农民纳入博物馆文化教育视野，是博物馆工作亟须改进与努力的方向，它对充分发挥博物馆的教育服务功能至关重要。     

Age distribution, sex ratio and mortality of the red foxVulpes vulpes in Tochigi, central Japan: an estimation using a museum collection

One hundred and thirty carcasses of the red fox were collected in Tochigi Prefecture, by the Tochigi Prefectural Museum, from 1981 to 1991. The young/adult ratio of the sample was 1.60, which suggests that the hunting pressure has been relatively low in this area. Six percent of the animals were 5 years or older which compares to those taken in Hokkaido, but is higher than those in Europe and North America. The sex ratio for all specimens had a tendency towards male bias (0.587), but this bias was higher for the adult (0.605) than for the young (0.576). Among young (0 year-old) foxes, more individuals were killed on roads than by trapping or shooting (P<0.02, chisquare test). This mortality pattern was caused by high mortality of young males (P<0.02). The proportions of adults killed by the three mortality factors were similar, though only one of the 14 foxes older than 4 years old was shot, probably due to age-linked activity patterns. Most road-kills of young foxes occurred in May when juveniles began exploiting and in November when sub-adults began dispersal. The ratios of road-kills for the whole sample and for adults alone were 42% and 34%, respectively. These high rates of road-kills suggest that the mortality pattern in Tochigi has been affected by factors characteristic of urban environments.     

博物馆:提升青少年教育活动促进城市发展

青少年是未来城市发展的中坚力量,本文试从青少年角度出发,采用观众调查的方法,探索博物馆如何开展青少年教育活动,提升青少年的审美水平和文化素养,从而促进城市的长远发展。     

Diaspora and cultural heritage: the case of Indians in Canada

The present paper examines the historical and contemporary context of Indian communities in Canada from a cultural heritage perspective and analyses the processes of migration, settlement and cultural identity. It also examines the challenges of developing museum exhibits which depict the Indian diaspora in Canada. Despite its colourful history and its growing size and prominence in Canadian society, the Indian diaspora has not been the subject of much interest by Canadian museums. While recognising the necessity of working with local communities and thereby reflecting local concerns, it is submitted that any museum exhibit attempting to portray the complex set of experiences of the Indian diaspora in Canada should include some portrayal of the highly marginalised position which the Indian community faced when it first established themselves in the early 1900s. In addition to this historical focus, any attempt to portray the contemporary Indian diaspora needs to portray its growing diversity and its efforts to maintain, and in many cases modify and ‘hybridise’, cultural practices. Such a display would also have to reflect the influence of transnational forces on the contemporary Indian diaspora. Ultimately, efforts by museums to develop exhibits reflecting the Indian presence in Canada will only further the aims of its widely praised state policy of multiculturalism.     

Geometry,Logic and Social Studies

This article presents an approach that teachers can use to strengthen students’ ability to make sense of the past at museums. Specifically, we propose a photography exercise to help students to learn from museums and to view museums critically, weighing both the objective realities and subjective interpretations offered by museums. To get the most from a lifetime of museum-going and history learning, students should learn to view museums as reflecting the kinds of perspectives, decision-making, and challenges that accompany any effort to make sense of the past.     

博物馆新闻摄影的价值与思考——以中国国家博物馆新闻摄影为例

在百年发展历程中,中国国家博物馆始终是重要的公共文化中心。与之相关的不同历史时期的新闻摄影,不仅成为中国国家博物馆在国家政治文化生活中地位不断增强的历史见证,更是中华民族自强自立、繁荣复兴的珍贵缩影。同时,新闻事件发生场域的独特性也决定了博物馆新闻摄影的独特意义与特殊要求。     

论博物馆在齐齐哈尔非物质文化遗产保护与传承中的作用

非物质文化遗产作为齐齐哈尔历史文化资源的一个重要组成部分,具有重要的历史价值、时代价值和研究价值。对齐齐哈尔丰富、多元、厚重的非物质文化遗产进行保护与传承是一项综合系统工程,而博物馆在非物质文化遗产的保护中有很多优势。可以从博物馆功能和优势的发挥角度,探讨齐齐哈尔非物质文化遗产保护和传承的原则及途径。     

中国民族博物馆历史回顾与现状分析

本文梳理了中国民族博物馆发展的脉络,回顾了民族博物馆的历史发展,分析其现状,指出民族博物馆存在的一些亟待解决的问题,提出了应对的措施,期望能对中国民族博物馆的发展提供借鉴。