Using Visual Interventions as a Component of Positive Behavioral Support for a Student with Aggressive Behaviors and Mental Retardation

Abstract

Aggressive behaviors are among the most ostracizing types of comportment observed across the educational spectrum. Aggressive behaviors may isolate the aggressor socially, academically, and educationally. The following study utilizes functional behavior assessment and single subject research methodology to assess and address aggressive behaviors in a student with a severe intellectual disability. Visual interventions were utilized as a component of a positive behavioral support system to reduce aggressive behaviors. Behavioral improvement was measured.     

Leadership to Overcome Resistance to Change

Abstract

The thoughtful behavior analysis of organizational leadership and resistance to change by Goltz and Hietapelto (2002) inspired this follow-up article. Goltz and Hietapelto propose that organizational power is determined by the magnitude, frequency, and quantity of consequences under a person's control, and that people resist change when their consequence control is threatened. This presentation extends the Goltz and Hietapelto article by describing 14 distinctions between management and leadership, and offering 16 guidelines for effective leadership that involve more than consequence control. Thus, while managers obtain their influence by controlling other peoples' consequences, leaders go beyond consequence control to benefit the behaviors and attitudes of their colleagues and coworkers. The leadership guidelines are founded on behavioral research and are relevant and practical for any organizational employee, even those who have only minimal influence on the meaningful consequences of their own and others' work life.     

多维理论视角下的合作行为探析

合作行为一直是国内外学者们的重要研究课题,不同的学科、不同的理论给出了不同的解释。学者们以"行为体之间的合作行为的发生和维持"作为研究主题,分别从以基因为核心变量下的合作行为、文化影响下的合作行为、博弈互动影响下的合作行为和认知影响下的合作行为等多维理论视角对合作行为做出阐释,这些理论阐释既有共同点,也有不同点,既有相一致的方面,也有相冲突的方面。通过对这些理论阐释的基本内容和关键变量进行系统梳理和逻辑剖析,展现这些理论阐释的各自优缺点,并在此基础上对这些理论观点加以综合比较,最终揭示行为体之间的合作行为是如何发生并维持下去的。     

Response-Response Relationships in Organizational Behavior Management

Abstract

The issue of behavioral covariation has been a topic of interest to behavior analysts for many years. Many writers have used the term response generalization interchangeably with behavioral covariation. In this paper, we argue from the extant literature that the term “response generalization” should be used to describe only very specific occasions of behavioral covariation. In fact, we argue, response generalization is merely one of at least six types of behavioral covariation observed in organizational behavior management studies. After describing response generalization, the remaining five types of response-response relations we describe are: (1) physiological relations, (2) when target behaviors occasion related behaviors, (3) when target behaviors reinforce related behaviors, (4) when target and related behaviors are maintained by the same reinforcing stimulus, and (5) covariation through participation in verbal relations. We conclude by discussing the potential for additional research on this topic in the area of verbal relations.     

C2C卖家的诚信行为模式及其动态性研究

现有电子商务的信用评价体系单一维度的特点使得评级体系难以准确衡量、比较店铺在各维度之间的差异及其变化。为了提高C2C电子商务信用评级体系的信息揭示作用,本文试图从多维度指标分析店铺的诚信行为模式及其动态性。本文对淘宝7大行业不同信用等级的卖家的诚信指标数据进行聚类分析表明,店铺在动态评分、信用等级、好评率上分别具有六类不同的静态组合特征,信用积分在解释店铺诚信状态上弱于动态评分和好评率指标。动态模式分析表明,店铺的好评率、动态评分指标及其与同业行业比值会呈现出三个不同的组合变化趋势。最后本文提出对现有的评价体系改进,以体现店铺之间在模式上的差异,从而真实展现卖家的诚信水平。     

两部企业宪法蕴含的中国本土管理元素探析——基于鞍钢宪法和华为基本法的研究

鞍山钢铁公司和华为公司的发展和成功模式凝练而成的2部企业宪法分别成为计划经济时代和市场经济时代的经典企业管理纲领,它们根植于中国经济的土壤和中国的管理情境,其成功经验和管理模式具有可参照性、可移植性。结合2个公司的成长轨迹,深入分析企业宪法内容,可以发现其蕴含的3个主要的中国本土管理元素:整体平衡的管理哲学、"集体主义"的组织行为和英雄领袖的魅力型领导,每个本土管理元素又包含着更多具体的中国式管理理念和方法。     

校长领导行为对小学教师集体效能的影响

为了探讨校长领导行为与小学教师集体效能之间的关系，采用校长领导行为描述问卷与教师集体效能量表作为研究工具，随机调查了37所学校的466名小学教师。结论发现：1．关心人与教师集体效能之间存在显著正相关，但关心任务与教师集体效能之间的相关未达到显著水平。2．在对教师集体效能的回归模型中，关心人进入到预测教师集体效能总分和教学任务分析的回归模型，而校长领导行为对教学能力评价具有一定的预测作用。     

论民商法原则对企业立法的规制

文章探讨了民商法原则对企业立法的规制.企业作为独立市场主体资格具有正常的行为方式,企业的行为必须是自益行为、自主行为和与企业组织形式相应的行为,国家管理不能取代社会调节功能,民事责任对于企业行为规制的基础性作用不容忽视.     

Normative Beliefs as Risk Factors for Involvement in Unhealthy Weight Control Behavior

Objective: The authors' aim in this study was to determine, after adjustment for the effects of body mass index and sociodemographic measures, whether sex-specific weight control norms would have significant independent relationships with the weight control behavior of college women and men. Participants: The authors used an anonymous questionnaire to assess a sample of 470 college students, aged 18 to 26 years, attending either a 2- year community college or a 4-year public university. Methods: To calculate body mass index, the authors objectively measured the height and weight of each participant. They conducted separate discriminant function analyses for women and men. Results: The discriminant function analyses clearly indicated that weight control norms of same-sex, close friends were the best discriminators of involvement in weight control. Conclusions: The findings indicate that perceived peer norms may be important but overlooked risk factors for engaging in unhealthy weight control practices. The authors discuss the implications of these findings in the context of student health promotion.