我国学前教育政策的社会性和法律化

综观现实需要与我国实情,学前教育与社会政策紧密相关,使得学前教育立法覆盖上了一层社会法属性。当前在我国学前教育领域尚有许多亟待解决的问题,这类问题大体都与社会政策的缺位相关,但往往未把这类问题归于社会性问题。学前教育立法,不仅仅是单纯的教育立法,也不单是教育政策法律化下的产物,而应侧重展现出其社会政策性。     

马克思“两条道路”视野下的科学哲学

理解马克思所提出的认识过程的“两条道路”,关键是把握作为两条道路转折点的“最贴近的规定”.由分形理论可知,认识过程的两条道路具有普遍性.近代以降,科学的发展在整体上经历了两条道路.“两条道路”本身具有反身性.科学哲学及其与科学关系,目前所呈现出的纷争的缘由之一,在于没有区分行进于两条道路上的科学,没有觉察到科学哲学自身的发展也经历两条道路.在第二条道路的科学和科学哲学发散的基础上,“新科学”——新的收敛正在酝酿、萌芽.中国科技哲学界在厘清自身定位的基础上面临两大挑战和机遇：其一,发展中国的“地方性”科学哲学;其二,关注并参与“新科学”.     

社会化媒体时代科普宣传的路径厘析

社会化媒体时代已经来临,信息传播逐渐由内容为主步入渠道为主。新媒体、新技术的发展为科普工作的开展带来了新的机遇,即提供了更为广阔的渠道、更为丰富的内容和更为多样的呈现形式。但是,机遇与挑战并存,新媒体的发展在给科普工作带来机遇的同时也带来了挑战,主要表现在：信息的多元、多变、多样淹没了科普信息;虚假、伪科学、迷信信息大行其道;网民习惯性质疑挑战权威（权威到威权）;科普信息的枯燥无法吸引网民等问题也较为突出。如何在社会化媒体环境下赢得话语权,抢占科普宣传制高点,已经成为当前开展好科普工作的重要任务。     

What becomes of social science knowledge: New Zealand researchers' experiences of knowledge transfer modes and audiences

Abstract

The transfer and uptake of research-based knowledge by end users is a measure of the utility of research, and, from a funder's perspective, a measure of an effective investment. What constitutes uptake to social scientists and whether such practice is a routine or novel outcome of New Zealand social science research is largely unexplored. In the 2006 National Survey of Social Scientists respondents were asked to report recent experiences of knowledge transfer and research uptake, including the organization to which information had been conveyed. This paper presents an analysis of these responses. Forty-two percent of respondents reported at least one example of research transfer or uptake in their main research field in the previous 12 months. Accounts ranged from passive forms of information transfer such as making journal articles or reports available to potential end users to instances of organizational, programme, curriculum or policy change that the researcher attributed, at least in part, to the uptake of research-based knowledge. Government agencies were the target of 31% of reported examples, across sectors as diverse as agriculture, fisheries and conservation as well as those in the social, health, justice and welfare areas.     

论艺术在科技媒体时代的认识与省思

自古以来,艺术与时代的脉动相互影响。技术科学是人类为解决问题、调适人和环境的关系、扩展人类能力而利用知识、创意和资源所做的一切意图和努力。教育的一般目的是要培养人的个性发展,同时又要使其个性与所属的社会团体有机地融合。     

学术性社会科学团体党建工作的思考

随着社会发展的日益多元化,学术性社会科学团体在当今政治生活中的地位和作用日益突出和明显;加强学术性社会科学团体的党建工作,是“创新基层党建工作,夯实党执政的组织基础”的一项重要工作;对于保证学术性社团沿着中国特色社会主义道路前进具有重要的现实意义。     

Religion,truth, national identity and social meaning: The example of Northern Ireland

This article argues that national identity is closely bound up with religion, which in turn is closely bound up with ideas of truth. Different religions will form and transmit different ideas of truth, both moral and cognitive, and transmit them and socialise their members in to holding them. From this a socially exclusive group is formed, which becomes one basis for a nation. This nation becomes morally and cognitively exclusive of non-religious members since they will hold different truths and so cannot be trusted, they cannot be ‘loyal and true’. Ireland and Northern Ireland provide a classic example of this, where Catholic and Protestant were the mediums for transmitting Romantic or Enlightenment versions of the truth and so provided a basis for opposed ideas of nation.     

Women and Death in Film,Television, and News: Dead But Not Gone

Abstract

This article investigates the relationship between science and nation, class and gender in the televised Nobel Banquet, held after the Nobel Prize ceremony. The representation of the body of the Swedish Queen is used as a lens through which to view intersectional power dimensions. Drawing on cultural, media and gender studies, this article examines the mediated persona of the Queen in the televised Nobel Banquet via contextualized textual analysis. The article suggests that the purpose of the Nobel Foundation in inviting the royals is to enhance the social status of science. But it is the Queen who has received more TV time than anyone else—scientist or royalty—since her TV debut in 1976. How can the camera focus on her silent body be interpreted in relation to science? This article suggests that the meaning of the Queen’s body also implies certain understandings of central power dimensions. The body of the Queen signifies that gender, heterosexuality, class affiliation, nationality, and race are important and normative factors in scientific discourse. At the Nobel Banquet, the representation of her body identifies science as associated with the heterosexual, white elites, and reproduces a traditional, ideal femininity.     

Which ethics for science and public policy?

The problem of inaccurate, misapplied or fraudulent scientific data could be addressed by government regulations, or by self‐regulation from within science itself. To many, self‐regulation implies the grounding of research activities in some “neutral”; standard of “ethics”; acceptable in a “pluralistic”; society. Yet, there is no such thing as a “neutral ethics”; and many “contemporary”; theories contain such serious theoretical deficiencies and contradictions that they are practically inapplicable. As a viable alternative to these theoretical and practical problems, an objectively based realistic framework of ethics is considered, and used to ground both the individual scientific and the collective public policy decision making processes. This is an ethics of properly integrated relationships. It is then applied to an analysis of many of the causes of incorrect scientific data, as well as of many of the internal and external pressures and abuses often experienced by scientists today. This approach respects the integrity of each decision maker as a human being and a moral agent—which in turn better insures the integrity of the protocol, the data, and the public policy decisions which follow—and ultimately, the integrity of the scientific enterprise itself. The alternative is government regulations.     

Roles of the institute of medicine in providing health science policy advice

Studies conducted by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) are one way that government agencies can get presumably neutral advice on health science policy issues. The traditional IOM study is undertaken using a committee of experts supported by professional staff on issues of particular importance related to health policy. The report is usually a consensus document from the group of experts who have various points of view on the topic. After a report is prepared, it undergoes an independent review process to assure that the conclusions are based on the best available science and vigorous analysis of the data. IOM reports make recommendations for further actions that could be undertaken by a diverse audience, and do not just provide a series of options as is done in reports from the Office of Technology Assessment.