质疑隐性采访的道德性与合法性

从新闻实践来看,隐性采访这种采访方式满足了受众的知情权,增强了舆论监督的力度,因而成为媒介普遍采用的采访手段。但是其隐瞒身份和采访意图的做法,以及隐性采访的无度滥用,导致了许多关于其道德性与合法性的争论。本文通过对隐性采访的道德性与合法性的探讨,以及对隐性采访所引发的新闻侵权纠纷的分析,提出新闻媒介应慎用隐性采访的建议。     

模拟评价在干部教育隐性评价中的运用简

模拟评价是目前广泛运用于工业、数学、物理等方面的一种有效评价方法,将其借鉴性地应用于干部教育评价工作中。可以有效地提高评价工作在党性教育、实践能力培养等隐性方面评价的实效,弥补显性评价的不足,进而全面推进干部教育评价工作的整体成效。     

奥巴马在联合国气候变化大会上的发言分析--以主位及主位推进模式为依据

近年来,气候变化问题越来越受到人们的关注,本文将以主位和主位推进模式理论为依据来分析奥巴马在联合国气候变化大会（UNCCC）上的发言,以期发现在英语发言演讲语篇中,主位成分及主位顺序对于整个语篇谋篇布局的意义及对于篇章语义和内容组织的作用。另外,通过分析得出主位推动模式在发言（演讲）语篇中的主要表现形式和其对语段中主题展开方式的影响和作用,从而进一步从主位推动的角度了解奥巴马是如何实现步步紧跟、层层推进的谋篇布局,能让听者更深刻地理解其发言内容并能迅速地抓住其发言要点,了解其发言的深层目的。     

五四与古典传统叙述资源的隐与显——文革期初版的战争题材长篇小说之叙述资源分析

文革战争题材长篇小说主要采取了中国传统白话小说的叙述资源,而表面上放弃甚至屏蔽了五四以来的现代小说传统,但其叙述者隐身抒情、半开放式大团圆结局等叙述手段又与五四小说家引进的现代小说叙述资源有着深刻的同构关系。这种古典传统与现代性资源的结合,可以说是以科学、解放为主旨的现代性被移植在前现代性的古老传统之上的写照。饱受古典传统浸染的人们以为自己走向了“现代”,其实走向的却是一条“通往奴役之路”。     

Privileges and penalties in the legal profession: an intersectional analysis of career progression

Intersectionality theory is concerned with integrating social characteristics to better understanding complex human relations and inequalities in organizations and societies (McCall 2005). Recently, intersectionality research has taken a categorical and quantitative turn as scholars critically adopt but retain existing social categories to explain differences in labour market outcomes. A key contention is that social categories carry penalties or privileges and their intersection promotes or hinders the life chances of particular groups and individuals. An emergent debate is whether the intersection of disadvantaged characteristics (such as female gender or minority ethnic status) produce penalties that are additive, multiplicative or ameliorative. Research is inconclusive and as yet pays little attention to moderating factors such as employer type, size, geographic location or work profile. Drawing on administrative records for individuals qualified as solicitors in England and Wales, collected by the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA), combined with aggregated workforce data and firm characteristics of their law firms, we undertake a statistical analysis of the intersection of gender and ethnicity in the profession with a degree of precision and nuance not previously possible. In response to calls to broaden studies of inequalities and intersectionality beyond their effect on pay or income (Castilla 2008) we focus on career progression to partnership as our key measure of success. The original contribution of our study is twofold. First, we establish statistically different profiles of law firms, showing how the solicitors’ profession is stratified by gender, ethnicity and socio‐economic background, as well as the type of legal work undertaken by developing a model of socio‐economic stratification in the profession. Second, we demonstrate that while penalties tend to be additive (i.e. the sum of the individual ethnic and gender penalties) this varies significantly by law firm profile and in some situations the effect is ameliorative.     

Strategies for Success: Early-Stage Collaborating Biostatistics Faculty in an Academic Health Center

Collaborative biostatistics faculty (CBF) are increasingly valued by academic health centers (AHCs) for their role in increasing success rates of grants and publications, and educating medical students and clinical researchers. Some AHCs have a biostatistics department that consists of only biostatisticians focused on methodological research, collaborative research, and education. Others may have a biostatistics unit within an interdisciplinary department, or statisticians recruited into clinical departments. Within each model, there is also variability in environment, influenced by the chair's background, research focus of colleagues, type of students taught, funding sources, and whether the department is in a medical school or school of public health. CBF appointments may be tenure track or nontenure, and expectations for promotion may vary greatly depending on the type of department, track, and the AHC. In this article, the authors identify strategies for developing early-stage CBFs in four domains: (1) Influence of department/environment, (2) Skills to develop, (3) Ways to increase productivity, and (4) Ways to document accomplishments. Graduating students and postdoctoral fellows should consider the first domain when choosing a faculty position. Early-stage CBFs will benefit by understanding the requirements of their environment early in their appointment and by modifying the provided progression grid with their chair and mentoring team as needed. Following this personalized grid will increase the chances of a satisfying career with appropriate recognition for academic accomplishments.     

从主位推进分析看司法判决推理

司法判决书是裁判过程的书面表达。法官做出裁判的过程,实质上就是以认定的案件事实和相关的法律规范为前提,运用演绎形式推理合乎逻辑地推演出判决结论的司法判决推理过程。综合Danes(1974)提出的5种主位推进模式和徐盛桓(1982)提出的4 种主位推进模式,并根据提出的连贯话语推进的9 种主位述位逻辑关系,探讨一篇优秀民事判决书的“本院认为……”部分如何实现演绎形式推理和法律命题内容实质推理双重共振的司法判决推理过程,从法律语言学视角对当前我国的裁判文书改革朝着论证体裁方向发展提供有益启示和借鉴。     

水门事件对美国隐蔽行动的影响

水门事件作为一次非法的、失败的情报活动,对冷战期间美国的隐蔽行动的实施产生了重大影响。水门事件直接导致"帝王般的总统"权力的消亡和国会权力的加速复兴,并引发美国国内对中央情报局及其隐蔽行动的揭露高潮,中央情报局及其隐蔽行动名誉扫地,陷入信用空白;国会随之以前所未有的积极态度介入对中央情报局及其隐蔽行动的调查和监督中,并最终建立起对隐蔽行动的正式监督机制。所有这些都给中央情报局从事隐蔽行动带来了巨大束缚。因此,美国隐蔽行动在上世纪70年代发生大规模收缩的现象,绝不是一种简单的巧合,而与水门事件及其所引发的一系列连锁反应有着密切的关系。     

A novel test to compare two treatments based on endpoints involving both nonfatal and fatal events

In a clinical trial comparing two treatment groups, one commonly‐used endpoint is time to death. Another is time until the first nonfatal event (if there is one) or until death (if not). Both endpoints have drawbacks. The wrong choice may adversely affect the value of the study by impairing power if deaths are too few (with the first endpoint) or by lessening the role of mortality if not (with the second endpoint). We propose a compromise that provides a simple test based on the time to death if the patient has died or time since randomization augmented by an increment otherwise. The test applies the ordinary two‐sample Wilcoxon statistic to these values. The formula for the increment (the same for experimental and control patients) must be specified before the trial starts. In the simplest (and perhaps most useful) case, the increment assumes only two values, according to whether or not the (surviving) patient had a nonfatal event. More generally, the increment depends on the time of the first nonfatal event, if any, and the time since randomization. The test has correct Type I error even though it does not handle censoring in a customary way. For conditions where investigators would face no easy (advance) choice between the two older tests, simulation results favor the new test. An example using a renal‐cancer trial is presented. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

冲突与消解：隐秘摄录引发的法律问题探析

隐秘摄录行为是公众知情权、社会舆论监督、新闻自由的一种权利表现形式,是个体自由价值的体现,在一定程度上包含了公共利益的诉求。隐秘摄录行为虽具有一定的合法性基础,但也极有可能引发侵犯公民隐私的权利冲突。隐秘摄录行为可能引发宪法、行政法、刑法与民法范畴的权利冲突,我国相关法律虽对其进行了规制,但规制力度不大,且我国尚无禁止性法律规范约束隐秘摄录。建议遵循宪法原则指导法律规范,以宪法为上位统筹协调各部门法关于隐秘摄录行为的规定,同时,寻求宪法解释,以消解隐秘摄录行为引发的权利冲突。