PRESTRUCTURING COOPERATION AMONG ACTING-OUT YOUTH

In the past 15 years, the authors and their students have frequently used the treasure hunt in activity treatment groups. Experience confirms that the planned use of the treasure hunt's activity structure has powerful treatment effects. Repeated student testimonials about the efficacy of the treasure hunt and the usefulness of this paper as an example of programming prompts us to share it with other practitioners. This paper is a case illustration of the planning and use of treasure hunt as a means of influencing behavioral change in a group of emotionally troubled boys, specifically how to prevent or eliminate destructive conflict and initiate cooperation. The practitioners intended change operations, the responses desired in the members, and a synopsis of outcomes are presented (c.f., Churchill, 1959).     

孟德斯鸠的"中国印象"之印象

走出欧洲的人们留下的游记或通信(包括耶稣会士中国通信),促使了欧洲十八世纪的思想家们对人类命运以及人类社会组织形式作理性思索和理想设计,孟德斯鸠即是此类欧洲思想家之一.他在大量阅读来华人士记述的基础上得出了较清晰的"中国印象",他在阐述三种政府理论时多次引用他的"中国印象",并常常一语中的揭示出"中国印象"的实质,这是一种理性的真实.我们今日重读孟德斯鸠有关中国的论述,对我们自己本土文化的来龙去脉别有一番认识.这种"印象之印象"应该也成为"跨文化对话"的研究课题之一.     

新"轴心时代"的文明对话--论杜维明的"文明对话"观

亨廷顿"文明的冲突"理论一发表,在世界上就引起了很大反响.从一定意义上来说,杜维明的"文明对话"观是对这一思潮反映的产物.杜维明的"文明对话"观主要包含三个方面作为当代新儒家的主要代表,他通过对亨廷顿的"文明冲突"论的批评,揭示了文明对话的时代内涵;第二,他主要借助于雅斯培尔斯"轴心时代"理论,通过时启蒙反思和多元现代性论域的开展,论证了新轴心时代文明对话的可能性和必要性;最后,主要讨论文明对话的三种形态,指出新轴心时代文明对话的一些基本预设.     

知音：穿越时空的心灵对话

刘勰《文心雕龙·知音》篇是中国古代较为完整的批评和接受理论,若以现代西方接受美学的视角进行观照,则“知 音”批评也是以读者为核心建立起来的批评理论;但“知音”批评较之早期接受美学过分强调读者创造性解读的作用,更具辨证 眼光。它将文本看成是作者与读者超越时空对话的产物,在充分考虑到读者的价值和意义的同时又不忽略作者和文本。     

两度对话翻译教学模式的产生与阐释

笔者先将翻译流程设计在一个由原语形式到原型,再由原型到译语形式的折线之内,然后又将这一折线囊括在一个语境体系之中.其操作方式是"对话".其对话结果是通过语内和语际两度转换在语境体系的制约中实现的.     

Ways out of the sewage sludge dilemma: Connecting administrative and participatory decision making

This paper examines the problem of decisions about the disposal of sewage sludge, in the face of stakeholder groups with varying viewpoints, based on a current case from the state of Lower Saxony in Germany. Like other developed countries, Germany faces the dilemma that sludge arisings are increasing (e.g., because of better water treatment) while disposal options are becoming more scarce. Lower Saxony relies heavily on landfill and agricultural application, but landfill of untreated sludge will be banned after 2005. The state Environment Ministry sees agricultural application as having various advantages, but it faces scepticism from various stakeholders. The ministry has therefore taken steps to encourage a long-term dialogue process with the main stakeholders, including farming organizations, food processors, other landowners such as the churches, and environmental and consumer organizations. The process began with a discussion forum in 1995 that led to the proposal of specific discussions with stakeholders. This paper focuses in particular on the dialogue with environmental and consumer groups. It analyzes the initial positions of the various stakeholders, describes the concrete steps taken so far, describes the ongoing efforts, and critically evaluates the procedures used as well as their implications in terms of the ideas of deliberation and analysis.     

狂欢与对话：《西游记》主题一解——《西游记》狂欢化的精神基质

借助巴赫金的狂欢化理论从一种新的视角对《西游记》进行了解析,颠覆了传统的思维模式,将高贵与卑下、神圣与滑稽、高雅与粗俗、悲剧因素和喜剧因素等相互接近或融为一体,打破界限、填平鸿沟,使各种语言众声喧哗、平等对话,表明狂欢小说的未完成性、开放性和多义性。在此基础上从狂欢化的精神基质、结构形态和民俗学上的意义等方面探讨了《西游记》的狂欢意识。     

交往理性的"伤逝"——《伤逝》的主体交互性解读

《伤逝》常读常新,可以从普遍语用学所关注的意义、体、时、人称等方面重新解读诠释《伤逝》中交往主体的主体交互性。《伤逝》其实描述的是普遍语用学背景下基于主体交互性的对话的“伤逝”。和谐地对话,在对话中正当、平等、真诚地交流与合作有助于交往主体间消弭误解、化解危机。人际和谐离不开交往理性。     

私密话语向当代中国大众传媒的扩张

私密话语进入作为公共领域的大众传媒与社会变迁密切相关。首先，社会文化语境的转换为私密话语向当代中国大众传媒的扩张提供了精神导引；其次，消费主义思潮的兴起为私密话语向当代中国大众传媒的扩张提供了物质基础；再次，西方精神分析学说、后现代主义、女性主义思潮的涌入为私密话语向当代中国大众传媒的扩张提供了理论支撑。     

论梁代皇族萧氏兄弟的文学对话

梁代皇族萧氏兄弟指昭明太子萧统与萧纲、萧绎,他们都富有文才,文学旨趣和而不同,互渗互融,周围聚集着许多文士。他们经常就文学问题展开坦率的对话,其对话风尚,在当时文坛产生了很大的影响,渐渐形成传统,中国古代文论的诗话风尚受此泽溉,值得后人深入研究。