论改革高校"两级"干部选拔任用制度

选拔、任用高校"两级"干部制度存在的弊端有:易脱离人民委托权力的意愿、主要领导独断专行、任人唯亲等.必须改革委任制,建立竞争择优选任制度.要处理好坚持党管干部原则与群众路线、党委决策与民主推荐、群众公认与注重实际以及民主与集中等关系.     

法的效力等级辨析

文章在评析诸多法的效力等级概念的基础上,指出应以下位法效力直接渊源于上位法的原则来定位法的效力等级概念,指出这是中外学者普遍认同的。文章提出法的效力等级划分的根据在于制定机关所代表人民利益的层次和范围,而衡量法的效力等级的具体标准则是制定机关的地位和立法权的性质。文章从分权理论的视角具体论证了国务院根据立法授权决定制定的法文件,应与行政法规效力等级相同。     

区间直觉模糊数环境下基于犹豫度和相关系数的多属性群决策模型研究

多属性群决策问题是当今复杂决策环境下的研究热点,而区间直觉模糊数可以从隶属度、非隶属度和犹豫度三方面描述不确定信息,具有很强的表现能力,因此学界基于区间直觉模糊数对多属性群决策问题进行了大量研究。但是现有研究一方面在处理共识达成问题时所广泛采用的"多数原则"策略会导致某些关键信息或知识被视为冲突意见而被修改或忽视;另一方面基于距离的区间直觉模糊数相似性测算方法忽略了犹豫度的影响,会造成评价信息损失。针对上述不足,提出区间直觉模糊数环境下基于犹豫度和相关系数的多属性群决策模型。首先,通过个体犹豫度和群体犹豫度的提出,保证了决策群体内部信息和知识的有效交流,使关键性决策信息或知识不会通过强制修改或删除的方式失效;其次,采用区间直觉模糊数相关系数测量相似度,避免基于距离测算而可能出现的错误结果;继而,将决策主体权重设置为区间直觉模糊数形式,通过计算不同决策者之间的相对优势值和劣势值进行主观赋值,保证了决策者权重的客观性和真实性;此外,结合TOPSIS和线性规划方法求解得到最优属性权重,保证了属性赋值的精确性,最后,通过具体的应用实例以及与当前学界主要研究成果的比较分析,进一步论证了所提模型的优势和创新性。     

The forgotten history of CSWE’s shift away from community colleges

ABSTRACT

From the 1950s to mid-1970s social work educators in the United States considered developing a multi-level continuum of social work education including associate degrees. The Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) added baccalaureate degree programs only. By 1979 the idea of including associate degrees in this continuum disappeared from the scholarly conversation. This qualitative historical research explores factors that led to the exclusion of community colleges from CSWE membership and prevented accreditation of associate degree programs. Using archival evidence, it synthesizes primary and secondary sources and applies a critical pedagogy framework to highlight concerns. Findings suggest that distrust, the pace of change, professionalization, BSW program development, cultural differences, resistance to change, and a lack of external pressure coalesced to rebuff recognition of community colleges as an alternate pathway for social work education in the U.S.     

基于MATLAB的摆动式磨头圆柱端面凸轮曲线优化设计

为提高陶瓷抛光机磨头凸轮驱动部分的动态性能,以最大无因次加速度为目标函数,建立了磨头凸轮曲线优化模型,运用MATLAB软件的功能函数constr求得优化结果。优化后最大无因次加速度为优化前的33%,和原有曲线相比下降了30%,可以有效的降低磨头的振动及故障率,提高陶瓷地砖加工的表面质量,降低震碎率。     

片弹簧在肉类异形包装制品自动成型模中的应用

为解决肉类异形制品自动化生产的难题,针对目前肉类异形制品手工操作模具柔性成型的特点,通过对柔性元件力学特性的研究与结构要素分析,根据片弹簧设计原理,建立片弹簧计算模型;根据自动化生产对片弹簧变形量与力学稳定性的要求,运用计算模型公式,计算并确定片弹簧的结构参数;通过实例对该模型的正确性和有效性进行了验证。验证结果表明：在肉类异形制品模具柔性成型方面,采用片弹簧作为柔性元件,其在载荷分配、受力稳定性、结构空间等方面表现出来的优点,是圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧所欠缺的,这也正是实现装备自动化所必须解决的关键性技术之一。     

Mentoring to Achieve Diversity in Graduate Programs

The discipline of statistics has a celebrated, diverse, and colorful past. With a definite international flavor, we continue to make great strides in keeping our discipline relevant and accessible for addressing significant societal concerns. Unfortunately, we lag behind many other disciplines when it comes to fully tapping into the potential of all demographic groups within the United States. Mentoring provides one of many opportunities to change this narrative. This article looks at hard numbers related to diversity, points to some existing successful mentoring programs, and is a reflection of lessons learned through personal experiences.     

An improved Cp criterion for spline smoothing

Spline smoothing is a popular technique for curve fitting, in which selection of the smoothing parameter is crucial. Many methods such as Mallows’ C_p, generalized maximum likelihood (GML), and the extended exponential (EE) criterion have been proposed to select this parameter. Although C_p is shown to be asymptotically optimal, it is usually outperformed by other selection criteria for small to moderate sample sizes due to its high variability. On the other hand, GML and EE are more stable than C_p, but they do not possess the same asymptotic optimality as C_p. Instead of selecting this smoothing parameter directly using C_p, we propose to select among a small class of selection criteria based on Stein's unbiased risk estimate (SURE). Due to the selection effect, the spline estimate obtained from a criterion in this class is nonlinear. Thus, the effective degrees of freedom in SURE contains an adjustment term in addition to the trace of the smoothing matrix, which cannot be ignored in small to moderate sample sizes. The resulting criterion, which we call adaptive C_p, is shown to have an analytic expression, and hence can be efficiently computed. Moreover, adaptive C_p is not only demonstrated to be superior and more stable than commonly used selection criteria in a simulation study, but also shown to possess the same asymptotic optimality as C_p.     

Testable hypotheses in singular fixed linear models

Hypotheses that restrict nonestimable parameters in singular (or overparameterized) fixed linear models are considered nontes table by most aothors and are not allowed by most computer packages. In this article, a different approach is taken and hypotheses are classified as completely testable, partially testable, or nontestable on the basis of the number of degrees of freedom associated with them. The convenience of this approach is illustrated with examples and by developing a related general theory of equivalent hypotheses, reparameterizations, and restrictions. A method of transforming partially testable hypotheses into equivalent completely testable hypotheses is described.     

谈高新技术人力资本异质性及其管理

高新技术人力资本异质性表现在资本积累过程中所形成的具有专有性和非专用性的价值特征.高新技术人才技术垄断使企业用常规方法管理高新技术人才常常陷入困境,因此应根据他们的价值形成特点,制定出适应他们的激励模式.