Women’s Decision to Divorce in Light of Failure in Marital Status and Dignity

In Iranian society, divorce, as an instability index of family, has been on the increase over the last decade. In particular, this separation is fraught with considerable difficulties for wives with children. The overall aim of this study is to investigate the nature of the process of deciding to separate by the divorced women despite having children. Resting on the grounded theory method, this study was conducted among 20 divorced women with children in the city of Tehran. The findings show that having a child is not a determining factor for the women to remain married; rather, what determines the separation of women with children is experiencing a status loss within their marital life, an experience that originates from losing her status after a woman has gotten married. Of course, women’s agency within the domain of family disintegration happens when they have the ability to overcome social fears and also have economic support. Through this course of events, although children are of enormous importance for the mothers, they are temporarily neglected while the mothers, for a short period, think primarily of saving themselves. Making their final decision to get separated leads to reactivating the role of their children; then, the mothers proceed to make the optimal decision.     

浅谈鲁迅“遭难”的宿命

纵观古今中外文学史上的作家,没有哪一个像鲁迅那样生前死后都遭到命运的磨难。作为划时代的文化伟人,反却遭到如此劫难,这真是文学史上罕见而奇怪的现象,似乎也是鲁迅的宿命。应该以正常的文学批评、学术研究与学理论辩走进鲁迅、认知鲁迅和评价鲁迅。     

论宪法人性尊严的人像模式——兼论我国宪法人像之重构

法秩序中的所有问题最终都将归诸于其中的人像.宪法人性尊严的人像主要包括个人主义和人格主义的人像.我国既有宪法的人像继受了前苏联宪法的团体主义模式.当下"以人为本 "的提出与践行为重构我国宪法的人像提供了契机,我国宪法未来的人像应当以人格主义为借镜超越个人主义和团体主义人像的束缚.     

民间文学艺术表达及其权利界定

民间文学艺术表达不同于民间文学艺术作品和民间文艺衍生作品。民间文学艺术表达的实质是具有传统艺术特色的特定模式化信息。根据传播范围,民间文学艺术表达的权利归属体系确定为传承人和群体、群体及国家三个层次。     

Dignity‐based practices in Norwegian activation work

This qualitative study sought to identify dignity‐based practices in a Norwegian activation programme ? the Qualification Programme. Some welfare recipients are likely to experience shame in connection with their interaction with the welfare system. Previous research suggests that a dignity‐based approach could help welfare recipients to avoid such negative experiences. The operational components of dignity have been identified as autonomy, empathy and rights. Data gathered through individual interviews with participants and activation workers were examined using interpretative phenomenological analysis with a focus on exploring respondents’ perceptions of events to which they ascribe meaning. The findings indicate that accounts of empathy were common, but that the study’s participants seldom reported experiencing that their autonomy and rights were enhanced. Participation in the programme appeared to undermine the participants’ dignity, particularly when individual needs were overlooked. An underlying reason could be the current move away from a comprehensive understanding of service users’ different needs and to a narrow focus on employability.     

回归传统精神与恪守人格理想的生命悲歌——“文革”期间作家自杀现象的文化思考

作家以自杀的方式结束生命 ,构成了“文革”期间引人注目的特殊现象。历史地看 ,自杀一是因“活不下去”而以非常方式获得生存痛苦的解脱 ,一是以“不活下去”为最后手段来维护自身神圣的精神价值观念。“文革”期间作家的自杀 ,一方面是由于特定的社会条件将他们置于“活不下去”的境遇 ,另一方面也是他们为恪守人格理想而对传统精神的自觉回归。他们的自杀无疑是对丧失理性的社会的一种强烈抗议 ,但较之屈原的沉江自殉 ,却又少了几分壮烈而多了几分悲哀。然而 ,在特定的历史境遇中 ,这种选择却构成了中国作家良知未泯的确证。     

Dignity and ethics in research photography

The aim of this paper is to provide new conceptual and practical insights about the issues associated with ethics and dignity when undertaking research involving the collection of photographic data. Case studies of photographs taken as part of a research project in Chennai, India, are employed to illuminate the significance of dignity. The case studies reveal that dignity-in-context provides a useful conceptual tool that encapsulates the range of ethical issues that might be encountered. This concept has two dimensions. The first, dignity-in-outcome, assists deciding what and whether to photograph by drawing attention to the need for those being researched to benefit from the research, to present an authentic view of the situation and to ensure that participants are not demeaned or reduced. The second is dignity-in-process that helps researchers decide why and how to photograph in terms of involving those being researched in the way an image is captured, choosing the right angle for the image and the impression the image will give if and when it is published.     

我国智障群体尊严问题及尊严保护——基于生命伦理学视角的研究

在当今社会,智障者已成为一个庞大的社会群体。与此同时,侵犯智障者尊严的事件时有发生。因而我们应该高度重视对智障者的尊严保护工作,通过健全法律法规以及在生命伦理学的普及教育之下,改善智障者的生存环境,更好地维护其尊严。     

人格尊严保障与宪法正当性的判断

人格尊严的规范被誉为现代宪法的核心价值,保障人格尊严既是“规范宪法”的必然要求,也是判断宪法正当性的重要基石。规范宪法要求涉及人格尊严的宪法规范必须完备、充分,并积极吸收国际条约中的人格尊严条款;宪法的正当性可以通过人格尊严保障的主体广泛性、标准复合性以及方式多样性等途径得以体现和证明。     

UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF THE MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONSHIP ON SEX WORKERS’ DECISION TO ENTER AND LEAVE THE STREETS – LESSONS FOR SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE

This paper focuses on ‘streetwalkers’ and ‘street sex workers’ who are unlicensed sex workers not belonging to a brothel and subject to criminalization. They often face great stigmatization and are usually considered victims by service providers. Five Singaporean ex-streetwalkers (n = 5), who had left the streets for at least six months and were currently receiving or had previously received skills training at a social service agency, participated in this study. Using an agentic framework and social relational theory principles, this qualitative study explored the impact of streetwalkers’ relationship with their children on their decision to enter and leave the streets and reasons for their successful help-seeking experiences. Findings revealed them to be agents who actively used strategies to meet their goals and to sustain close relationships with their children. The mother–child relationship context was a key influence on their decision to enter and/or leave the streets. Social work practice implications include tailoring service delivery to tap into their agentic capacities and identity as mothers; research and training in provision of proactive social services in a non-judgmental manner to preserve the dignity of these women while meeting both their own and their children’s needs.