Labor force participation and juvenile delinquency in Taiwan: a time series analysis

This study examines the null hypothesis of Granger no-causality between labor force participation (LFP) and juvenile delinquency in Taiwan. In order to explore this issue more thoroughly, this study adopts the approach proposed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995, Journal of Econometrics, 66(1–2), 225–250). It uses official time-series data provided by the Government of Taiwan. After estimating both a four- and five-variable VAR system, one that substitutes both male and female LFP rates for the aggregate LFP rate, the primary findings of this study reveal the following: The higher the past juvenile crime rate, the lower the future aggregate and female LFP rate will be. In addition, the higher the past male LFP rate, the higher the future juvenile crime rate will be. These findings are quite robust in terms of different lag-length structures.

A New Kuznetsian Dynamic: The Knowledge Economy and Income Inequality in the United States, 1917–2008

The rise of the knowledge economy resulted in higher levels of income inequality in the United States and forced many to question the Kuznets Inverted‐U hypothesis. However, this study argues that the establishment of a knowledge economy does not negate the importance of employment shifts for income inequality. Instead, the expansion of knowledge employment alters the major sectors that are responsible for the overall distribution of income. To this end, this article presents the key argument that the current service–knowledge transition impacts income inequality trends, of today, in a way that is similar to the agricultural–industrial transition, of the past. According to the autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity regressions, the agricultural–industrial transition returns stronger associations with income inequality in the United States before 1950. The agricultural–industrial transition's impact diminishes thereafter as the service–knowledge transition shares a more robust association with income inequality after 1980.     

Has the Lewis Turning Point Arrived in China?—Theoretical Analysis and International Experience

各国农业劳动力占总劳动力的比重随着各国人均GDP增长呈现先加速下降而后减 速下降的趋势, 分界点就是刘易斯转折点。跨国平行数据的回归结果表明, 刘易斯转 折点在人均GDP为3,000-4,000美元 (购买力平价2000年国际美元) 之间出现。中国的 人均GDP超越了这一水平, 但农业劳动力比重远高于该经济发展水平下的世界平均水 平, 这很可能意味着中国的农业劳动力转移仍有较大潜力。

关键词: 刘易斯转折点 劳动力转移 跨国平行数据

Using World Bank cross-country panel data to estimate the economic development level that corresponds to the Lewis turning point, we find that as GDP per capita increases, the share of rural labor in the total labor force tends to decrease first at an accelerated rate and then, after passing the Lewis turning point, at a reduced rate. Regression analysis of cross- country panel data shows that the Lewis turning point is reached when GDP per capita reaches somewhere between US$3,000 and US$4,000 dollars (PPP, constant international US dollars for the year 2000). GDP per capita in China has exceeded this level, but the proportion of rural labor in the total labor force remains much higher than the average for countries at the same level of economic development. This may imply that there is still considerable potential for rural labor transfer in China.     

中国工业化进程中农村劳动力转移“推力模型”的构建

文章在借鉴“推-拉”理论的基础上．结合中国的实际情况从推力的角度构建农村劳动力转移的“推力模型”，对中国工业化进程中农村劳动力转移的影响因素进行了解释，并提出相应的对策建议。     

Older Drivers Retiring From the Road: An Application of the Selection,Optimization, and Compensation Model

Purpose: This study uses the selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) model to compare older adults who have given up driving, those who still drive, and those who drive less to identify differences in the three groups. Design and Methods: This cross-sectional study of 281 older adults is part of the Naturally Occurring Retirement Community Demonstration Project. Study participants completed interviews that included questions on demographics, health and functioning, mental health, social support, and current levels of engagement in activities including current driving status. Results: Data suggest that driving retirement is a process and that a substantial number of people are in the transitional stage, where they are less functional than those who still drive and more similar to those who have retired from the road. Implications: Given the similarity of those who drive less to those who have given up driving, front-line professionals and policy makers must work together to ease the transition to driving retirement for those without adequate ability to effectively compensate for their inability to continue to drive safely.     

吉登斯的现代性思想"群像"

吉登斯建构了一个完整的现代性思想体系。在吉登斯那里,断裂性是现代性的首要特征。资本主义、工业主义、监督机器与军事力量是现代性的制度性维度。而时空分离、脱域机制和反思性监控是现代性的动力。现代性的高度全球化衍生出了世界资本主义经济体系、民族国家体系、世界军事秩序和国际劳动分工体系。现代性扩张的后果是把人类带入了一个风险社会,而走出风险社会的乌托邦现实主义导向性策略是消除贫困、恢复环境、反对专权以及减少社会生活中的武力与暴力。     

概念隐喻视角下拟人的构建及其认知力

以往对拟人的研究局限于修辞学范畴,主要考察拟人的修辞功能和效果。认知语言学认为,拟人既是一种语言现象,也是一种思维方式。Lakoff＆Johnson的概念隐喻理论认为,隐喻是一种普遍的思维方式,而拟人也是一种隐喻。拟人隐喻思维很好地解释了拟人作为一种语言现象普遍存在的原因。在认知语言学的概念隐喻理论框架下,探讨拟人的构建及其认知力,有助于加深对拟人的理解和运用。     

当代马克思主义科技观的时代定位

本文系统地论述了科学技术的“第一生产力观”、“生产力动力观”和“先进生产力观”的三维定位 ,展示了当代马克思主义科技观的时代特征     

按照代表先进生产力的发展要求努力建设国内一流的应用型本科大学——学习江泽民同志“三个代表“重要思想的认识和体会

站在世纪之交的历史高度,以江泽民同志"三个代表"的重要思想为指导,从国内外形势的复杂变化中,深刻认识我们党始终代表中国先进社会生产力发展要求的重大现实意义和深远的历史意义,准确把握这一要求的深刻内涵.提出要建设国内一流的应用型本科大学,就必须按照代表中国先进社会生产力的发展要求,明确办学方向和长远的发展目标,建设一支高素质的领导班子,在办学体制上要转变观念,深化改革,大胆创新,转换机制,构建学院发展的新格局.     

传统生产力观念与当代生态危机

传统生产力概念强调生产力是人类征服自然界的能力,当代环境危机是人类"对自然界的征服"这一信念发展到极端的产物.因此,人类理当调整其传统生产力观念,将人类保护自然的能力纳入生产力体系之中,使社会-自然系统趋于优化进化.