灾疫伦理视域中的气候伦理刍议

伴随全球化进程而出现的灾疫失律,意味着灾疫问题因人类活动的干扰而日益成为一种支配性的内部风险。灾疫失律的一个重要成因,是因人力干扰而造成的包括全球变暖在内的气候危机。不同路径的灾疫伦理研究,可能为气候危机的伦理学考量提供一定的思维契机。灾疫伦理学的生态理性思想,为气候伦理研究提供了一种生态整体视角;气候治理的目标指向,在于创建具有生境化特征的生态文明;气候治理的具体路径,在于践行一种可持续生存式发展的伦理思路。     

Local Rites and Body Politics

The growing awareness of violence against women has resulted in endorsement of various international codes and conventions relating to physical, psychological and sexual violence. Female genital mutilation is one form of violence against women that has polarized people within and across national borders. Here, I explore its popular representation, consider how activism against genital mutilation has been confounded by sex and race and how activism to eradicate the practice is understood by immigrant women in Australia. In doing this, I draw on research conducted with women immigrants to Australia from north Africa (the Sahel areas) and the Middle East, from countries where female genital mutilation is most common. These women are often frustrated by what they see as contradictions in hospital policy and practice that arise in response to their requests to be reinfibulated after childbirth. I tease out the dilemmas that emerge when refusal is contrasted with other permissible practices of the body, such as hymen reconstruction, and given the commodification of bodies and related issues of age and agency, the individual and the community. The perceived discrepancies suggest to these African women that rights discourse is discriminatory, racist and informed by sensational portrayals of traditional practices. I question the ethics, values and rights that inform public discourse about sexual and reproductive rights, when women’s rights and values are so discrepant from our own ideals.     

论刑罚执行理念的新动向

监禁刑罚有着种种自身难以克服的缺陷，常常造成罪犯被社会的驱逐，人是社会性动物，行刑社会化是行刑方式改革的方向之一；人性与人道体现了刑法的人文关怀，是刑罚设置与执行必须遵守的法则；刑罚的执行，其关注焦点应从单纯地考察行为转变为行为和行为人的人格因素并重；刑罚执行中过度的去伦理道德化导致刑法的公众认同危机，伦理道德成份的合理回归值得肯定。     

儒家科技伦理思想及其当代价值

儒家科技伦理思想深深植根于儒家思想的宏观系统之中，儒家科技伦理思想中经世致用的科技观念、严谨求真的科学态度、以德化知的知识理念以及天人合一的整体思想等对当代中国科技伦理体系构建、促进科技发展和社会和谐具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Methodological Challenges of Studying Asian Gangs in Canada

This paper discusses the methodological challenges encountered in a research study on Asian gangs in Canada with reference to (a) defining Asian gangs; (b) seeking external funding; (c) securing support from ethnic communities; (d) getting approval for ethical research with human subjects; (e) recruiting research participants; (f) ensuring safety of the researcher; and (g) protecting the identity of research participants. The issues discussed would be relevant to those who are interested to examine the same phenomenon in countries with large Asian populations in Western counties (e.g., the United States and the United Kingdom) and in the Asia-Pacific Region such as Australia, Singapore, and Malaysia.     

Integrative Family Therapy With Childhood Chronic Illness: An Ethics of Practice

A challenge for contemporary family therapists is negotiating differences between modern and postmodern frameworks in the practice context. Modernists espouse a systemic metaphor; use evidence‐based and interventive approaches, including strategic, structural‐ or solution‐focused techniques, and believe in the therapist's knowledge, expertise and power to influence individuals or families to change. On the other hand, postmodernists follow a social constructionist, dialogical or narrative paradigm, which identifies the main ingredient of therapy as language, conversation, understanding and the therapist's ‘not knowing’ stance in eliciting a person's expertise and story Yet many practitioners adopt a middle way between these paradigm polarities, one that is less theory‐driven and more pragmatic, flexible, integrative and practice‐based. This is consistent with evidence‐based practice and research demonstrating common factors across all therapies. The value of preserving systemic thinking in family therapy is recognised while reaching forward to a postmodern social constructionist and dialogical approach. The article describes this integrative stance in family therapy as paramodern based on an ethics of practice. This is illustrated by a detailed case study of integrative family therapy, which addresses anxiety, anger and sleeping issues associated with a chronic childhood illness called Perthe's disease.     

Using the community of inquiry for interviewing children: theory and practice

Involvement of children in research processes requires various ethical considerations. In particular, while interviewing children, a researcher needs to take into consideration the power imbalance between a researcher and children as well as among children. This article suggests a possible way of mitigating potential risks, drawing on the idea and practice of the Community of Inquiry (CoI) as an interview method. CoI is the practice of group dialog for knowledge-making, where participants talk about a common topic by sharing their lived experiences in a cooperative manner. This article shows that CoI allows children to act as both interviewers and interviewees, which helps children in reflective knowledge-making while at the same time mitigating the ethical concerns of interviewing. To illustrate how CoI can help achieve these goals, this article draws on the empirical research conducted with a group of junior high school students in Japan.     

Social work ‘logged on’: contemporary dilemmas in an evolving ‘techno-habitat’

Information and communication technologies have become an integral part of daily life. This article explores the impact of the social networking site, Facebook, e-mail and text messaging for social workers in the Republic of Ireland. The study is small-scale and the findings, derived from a number of research interviews with practitioners and a survey of social work students, cannot be regarded as representative. However, the findings illuminate key dilemmas which are becoming apparent in social work’s evolving ‘techno-habitat’ and these are likely to be replicated, to different degrees, elsewhere in Europe.     

Sexual Minority Adolescents

Abstract

Most ethical dilemmas confronting professional school counselors (PSCs) do not involve simple solutions. Therefore, to practice ethically, PSCs need to possess and have the ability to articulate their ethical decision-making process with a clear and defendable professional explanation. Specifically, this article details the ethical decision-making process for PSCs working with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered (LGBT) adolescents. Additionally, ethical standards and legal statutes relating to counseling LGBT adolescents, ethical decision-making processes, and implications are discussed.     

艺术品营销传播中的伦理问题

在营销传播领域中,艺术品这个独特的对象,本身兼具很强的伦理色彩,其社会责任、道德价值,法律与规范等问题的探讨极为重要.艺术品营销传播模式带来的不应该是艺术品审美价值和精神价值的沉沦,也不应该丧失其伦理体系成为纯技术市场的附庸.艺术品的精神属性和社会属性决定了艺术品营销传播不能只趋从于市场的价值规律和供求关系.