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危害食品安全刑事案件具体法律应用问题研究

食品安全事故频发，保障食品安全已引起社会广泛关注。刑法作为保障食品安全的最后一道屏障，由于其对危害食品安全犯罪的定性不当、保护范围较窄、保护滞后等问题，有大量危害食品安全犯罪案件未进入司法程序，凸显了刑法在惩处食品安全犯罪行为过程中的乏力，也在一定程度上纵容了危害食品安全的犯罪行为。应借鉴美国立法，完善我国危害食品安全犯罪刑事立法，形成严密的刑事立法体系，克服危害食品安全犯罪在刑法规制上的不足。     

国际慢城运动及其对我国城市建设的启示

在全球化的时代背景下,兴起于意大利的慢食和慢城运动,已经成为对抗速食文化尤其是文化趋同化的一种体现。近年来,国内学者更是将慢城理念引入我国城市建设、小城镇建设中,因此有关慢城运动的内涵以及慢城对于全球化问题的思考就显得尤为重要。将意大利慢食、慢城运动的兴起置于全球化背景中,探讨慢城运动的缘起、内涵、特质等,使之给我国城市建设带来一些思考和启发。     

Combining Food Frequency and Survey Data to Quantify Long-Term Dietary Exposure: A Methyl Mercury Case Study

Twenty-four-hour recall data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII) are frequently used to estimate dietary exposure for risk assessment. Food frequency questionnaires are traditional instruments of epidemiological research; however, their application in dietary exposure and risk assessment has been limited. This article presents a probabilistic method of bridging the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) food frequency and the CSFII data to estimate longitudinal (usual) intake, using a case study of seafood mercury exposures for two population subgroups (females 16 to 49 years and children 1 to 5 years). Two hundred forty-nine CSFII food codes were mapped into 28 NHANES fish/shellfish categories. FDA and state/local seafood mercury data were used. A uniform distribution with minimum and maximum blood-diet ratios of 0.66 to 1.07 was assumed. A probabilistic assessment was conducted to estimate distributions of individual 30-day average daily fish/shellfish intakes, methyl mercury exposure, and blood levels. The upper percentile estimates of fish and shellfish intakes based on the 30-day daily averages were lower than those based on two- and three-day daily averages. These results support previous findings that distributions of "usual" intakes based on a small number of consumption days provide overestimates in the upper percentiles. About 10% of the females (16 to 49 years) and children (1 to 5 years) may be exposed to mercury levels above the EPA's RfD. The predicted 75th and 90th percentile blood mercury levels for the females in the 16-to-49-year group were similar to those reported by NHANES. The predicted 90th percentile blood mercury levels for children in the 1-to-5-year subgroup was similar to NHANES and the 75th percentile estimates were slightly above the NHANES.     

中国绿色食品发展的四个选择

绿色产业被视为 2 1世纪的朝阳产业 ,绿色食品是绿色产业的重要内容 ,发展中国的绿色食品面临品种、市场、产业模式、生产基地四个选择 ,必须认真对待。     

An Empirical Test of Competing Theories of Hazard-Related Trust: The Case of GM Food

Few scholars doubt the importance of trust in explaining variation in public perception of technological risk. Relatively little, however, is known about the particular types of judgments that people use in granting or withholding trust. This article presents findings from an empirical study that explores several dimensions of trust relevant for citizens' judgments of scientists involved in the development of GM food. The relationship between particular dimensions of trust and perceptions of GM food risk is also explored, using structural equation modeling. Results suggest that trust judgments based on the perception of shared values are most important in relation to GM food risk, but that judgments about scientists' technical competence are also important.     

Steps in the Right Direction,Against the Odds,An Evaluation of a Community‐Based Programme Aiming to Reduce Inactivity and Improve Health and Morale in Overweight and Obese School‐Age Children

The study describes an evaluation of a 48‐week physical activity and nutritional education programme for overweight/obese school‐age children using quantitative and qualitative methods. The majority of participants were obese or severely obese when enrolled, and while some improvements in body mass index, self‐esteem and engagement in a range of physical activities were noted, difficulties in evaluating a complex community‐based intervention were highlighted. Children, parents and health professionals described a range of benefits from attending the programme but more intensive services are likely to be needed for the most seriously obese children and for those families resisting intervention.     

宋代食品价格与餐费考察

宋代城市的肉类价格比较贵.大观年间,牛肉每斤100文;绍兴末,平江府羊肉每斤900文,连薪俸低的小官员也吃不起.宋徽宗时的冬季,开封市场上从黄河等外地运来的鱼,每斤不上100文.宋徽宗时,开封市场上的笼饼每枚7文,一份小吃价格一般在10-20文之间.熙宁年间,一位民夫吃顿带酒水的饭一般在10文左右.端平年间的临安城,饭店内酒菜的价格比较贵,最少也要100文,多者5贯.南宋官员互相之间的宴请,一次花费数千贯,盖公款消费矣.而高官的一场豪华宴席,一般会上万贯.宋代的中央及州县学校,学生伙食费由官府支拨.宋徽宗时,太学外舍生每天为41.3文,内舍生为43.3文.北宋中期,军官伙食费平均每天100文.     

酒泉地区美食文化旅游资源开发之我见——以酒泉宾馆主题文化宴的设计为例

酒泉餐饮文化源远流长,地方风味小吃、美味佳肴品种繁多。把饮食文化与旅游活动相结合,无疑会推进旅游业的发展,深层次挖掘饮食文化资源,开发多种特色饮食文化旅游,才能更好地弘扬酒泉饮食文化,提高该地区文化旅游的综合吸引力,促进餐饮业和旅游业的进一步发展。     

中国畜产品消费分析

畜产品消费在中国居民生活消费中占有重要地位。本文对我国当前畜产品消费情况、影响畜产品消费的因素以及畜产品消费特征进行了分析,并进一步探讨了我国未来畜产品的消费趋势,即:畜产品消费结构将进一步优化;畜产品质量成为消费增长的重要制约因素;畜产品总量需求潜力巨大;对加工畜产品的需求不断增加。