The governance of social enterprises: Mission drift and accountability challenges in hybrid organizations

We examine the challenges of governance facing organizations that pursue a social mission through the use of market mechanisms. These hybrid organizations, often referred to as social enterprises, combine aspects of both charity and business at their core. In this paper we distinguish between two ideal types of such hybrids, differentiated and integrated, and we conceptualize two key challenges of governance they face: accountability for dual performance objectives and accountability to multiple principal stakeholders. We revisit the potential and limitations of recently introduced legal forms to address these challenges. We then theorize about the importance of organizational governance and the role of governing boards in particular, in prioritizing and aligning potentially conflicting objectives and interests in order to avoid mission drift and to maintain organizational hybridity in social enterprises. Finally, we discuss future research directions and the implications of this work for rethinking traditional categories of organizations, namely business and charity.     

The Common Assessment Framework form 9 years on: a creative process

Legislation within England states that local authorities should provide services for all those families in need. However, research has identified that regardless of the introduction of strategies to identify need and enhance family support, ongoing barriers to services adhere. Taking a social constructionist approach, this study explored professionals' experiences of the use of the Common Assessment Framework form. Data were collected in four different local authorities in two phases. Forty‐one professionals from a variety of agencies took part in semi‐structured interviews. Data were analyzed thematically. Findings demonstrate that the professionals experienced difficulties in working through the Common Assessment Framework process, for example, in completing the form and engaging families. This situation led to the more experienced and knowledgeable professionals utilising creative ways to successfully navigate the ‘referral process’. Such creative working practices included the terminology used to complete the form and how the process was ‘sold’ to parents, so that they could be in a better position to engage parents and complete the Common Assessment Framework form. Because of this, more experienced professionals seem to be able to accelerate the referral process in order to access much needed support services for children and young people.     

历史不一定是发展史———中国古代都城形态史的解构

以往的研究认为中国古代都城城市形态的历史是一种前后相继的发展史，使用的主要研究方法就是对城市形态进行相似性比较，但这种方法在逻辑上存在根本性的问题，因此其结论是值得质疑的。基于对这一问题的研究，我们可以进一步认为，历史并不一定就是事物、事件之间有着密切联系、存在发展阶段以及变化规律可循的“发展史”，而可能只是由一些不存在密切联系，只是在时间上具有先后顺序的同类对象构成的历史。     

大芦家地区东二1亚段砂体微相纵横向分布研究

大芦家地区渐新统东二1亚段主要由三角洲前缘亚相组成,发育的微相类型包括河口坝、水下分流河道、水下决口扇及天然堤、远砂坝、席状砂、分流间湾等,它们在纵横向上表现出多次复合,多次叠加的特征,且各微相的界限和单砂层的界限并不一致;所有这些微相在垂向上的沉积序列可分为均一型、垂向减小型和垂向增大型三类;此外,该区三角洲体系沉积物源主要由河流从西北方向搬运而来,属高建设性的河控型三角洲,其平面呈朵状向东南方或南方延伸,其微相模式的特点是水下分流河道和河口坝沉积位于中心,其他微相分布在它们的外缘。     

李杭育寻根小说的文化认同

李杭育是新时期寻根小说的代表作家之一,其"葛川江系列小说"对民族文化中的下述正面因子进行了呈现并给予了赞许、认同的价值立场:搏击凶险、抗争自然、捍卫生命并由此喷薄强力、意志力的生存品格,执拗、倔强、坚韧的生命特质,血气、野性、自由自在、率真的生命形式,重情义、守孝道、讲仁爱、善良的伦理操守。     

以《狼图腾》的英译为例谈译文表达的识解操作

基于认知语言学框架下意义观与翻译观以及认知语言学中的识解理论的四个维度,在译文表达时的识解操作应该在考虑目的语读者辖域背景的基础上,保持或调整原文表征的详略度、突显和扫描方式等识解维度,使译文流畅,符合目的语读者的表达习惯,最终实现成功的交际。     

历史文献学视野下的重大历史事件

重大历史事件的提出源于国家文艺创作政策,是重大历史题材的内核。从历史文献学的视角来看,重大历史事件的文献形态表现为本源事件、衍生事件和文本事件。重大历史事件的衍生特征主要体现为本源事件的内容选择性、视角多样性、衍生多态性和历史叙事的结构层次性。重大历史事件具有文献能产性,其根本动力来源于历史主体的社会认可需要、纪念活动的客观物证需要和文艺创作的传奇叙事需要。     

网络怨恨的价值位移——基于舍勒现象学的分析

当前网络表达中到处弥漫的怨恨情绪,使技术理性的价值产生位移或曰颠覆,正价值如正义、公平、为承认而斗争等,在怨恨的情绪及其网络表达中导向负价值:网络暴政、人的主体性的消解,使人陷入"单向度的人"的危险。当下网络表达的无序和失序,正是怨恨的现象学呈现。因而,透过现象学观察的怨恨及其网络表达,或许可为我们反思批判当下和建构新的网络伦理提供一个新的思路。     

在“思辨”与自然的现实观照之间——关于“自然辩证法”的思考

黑格尔辩证法"否定"与其神秘形式存在着对立,其内在革命性同样被恩格斯"否定性"的汲取,恩格斯自然辩证法延展了黑格尔的逻辑与历史研究方法,更从思辨走向了历史现实,从而奠定与确立人在"辩证法"与"自然"中的地位,确立了自然辩证体系存在的意义,使得自然辩证法也成为"人"的哲学而非"精神"哲学的一部分,作为实践、开放的哲学体系,自然辩证法的理论生命力存在于恩格斯对黑格尔哲学汲取的思辨内核中,更存在于对自然的现实观照之中。     

汉魏六朝时期俳谐文中的滑稽

俳谐文指文人创作的内容诙谐滑稽的作品,包括赋、杂文等文体,主要盛行于汉魏六朝时期。诙谐滑稽风格的作品早在先秦就已形成,主要是在民间口耳相传,直至汉魏六朝时期,在人才学术兴盛的环境下,诙谐滑稽风格得以在文人中流行,形成了文体不一的俳谐文。本文拟从愚弄、以物喻人以及讽刺模仿三种产生滑稽的方式探讨汉魏六朝俳谐文滑稽。