A Review on Socioeconomic Status of Sichuan Frontier Areas in the Modern Writings of the Foreigners

In the 32nd year of the Guangxu period in the Qing dynasty ( 1906 ) , a position of“minister for managing frontier affairs” ( bianwu dachen) of Sichuan and Yunnan was set up .It was responsible for man...     

威拉·凯瑟笔下的女性形象

威拉·凯瑟作为美国小说史上一位主要的作家,经受了历史的考验。威拉·凯瑟的小说是伴随着她笔下成熟女性形象及边正发展题材的故事而逐渐走向完善的。威拉·凯瑟的小说反映了她对于美国女性文化的一种渴求与探索。     

代理证券相对有效性

分析了具有特定的期望收益率向量R与风险因子向量β截面关系的代理证券组合边界,进而研究了代理证券组合边界与有效证券组合边界的差异以及代理证券相对有效度。     

浅谈玛格丽特·杜拉斯小说的情爱意义

世纪之交,在中国获出全集的殊荣的外国作家是玛格丽特·杜拉斯。对杜拉斯的认识,有很多人或说一般的读者停留在对她小说所谓的"情色"的描写上,为此,有必要对杜拉斯的小说从时代、政治和女人在社会中所处的角色来分析,透过"情"色"看到深刻和严肃的内涵。     

Inferences from Cross-Sectional,Stochastic Frontier Models

Conventional approaches for inference about efficiency in parametric stochastic frontier (PSF) models are based on percentiles of the estimated distribution of the one-sided error term, conditional on the composite error. When used as prediction intervals, coverage is poor when the signal-to-noise ratio is low, but improves slowly as sample size increases. We show that prediction intervals estimated by bagging yield much better coverages than the conventional approach, even with low signal-to-noise ratios. We also present a bootstrap method that gives confidence interval estimates for (conditional) expectations of efficiency, and which have good coverage properties that improve with sample size. In addition, researchers who estimate PSF models typically reject models, samples, or both when residuals have skewness in the “wrong” direction, i.e., in a direction that would seem to indicate absence of inefficiency. We show that correctly specified models can generate samples with “wrongly” skewed residuals, even when the variance of the inefficiency process is nonzero. Both our bagging and bootstrap methods provide useful information about inefficiency and model parameters irrespective of whether residuals have skewness in the desired direction.     

基督教与川康边疆建设 ——以边疆服务运动为中心的考察

抗日战争及解放战争时期,中华基督教会全国总会在四川西康民族地区开展的一系列事工,在一定程度上促进了川康边疆的建设和发展。小学的兴建,改善了川康边民的教育环境,促进了边疆教育事业的发展;医院的开办,使边民首次接触了西医,促进了西医业在该地的兴起;农场的创建,扩展了该地农牧业的饲养范围,为川康民族地区培养了一批生计干事,更新了边民的农耕观念。同时,边疆服务运动在边民的信仰建设方面也取得了一定成效。以上措施在客观上积极促进了川康民族地区的建设和发展。     

试论左宗棠保卫、开发新疆的思想和实践活动

论述了 19世纪末新疆面临被浩罕入侵者阿古柏和英俄帝国主义势力肢解、分裂的危急时刻 ,左宗棠力排众议 ,坚决主张出兵西征 ,保卫新疆、消灭外来侵略势力。并评述了左宗棠为新疆收复后的政治、经济建设所作的贡献     

我国的边疆治理研究

边疆是一个国家特殊的区域，中国古代由于没有确定的边界，所以把王朝国家统治的边缘地带视为边疆，这样的地区也是少数民族生活的区域，所以也被视为民族地区。近代以后，特别是随着民族国家的建立，国家有了确定的边界，因而形成了以边界界定边疆的方式。由此界定的边疆，就是国家邻近边界的地区。中国自古以来都十分重视边疆治理，并取得了巨大的成就。但是，边疆问题的解决不是一劳永逸的，旧有的边疆问题解决了，新的问题还会产生。因此，边疆治理是一个不断常新的过程。今天，中国还面临着发展、稳定和安全三大边疆问题，不仅要进行边疆治理，而且要根据形势的变化对边疆治理进行重构，促进和加强边疆治理。     

基于随机前沿方法的我国房地产上市公司X-效率分析

采用随机前沿方法，以色诺芬数据库中2000-2006年间34家中国房地产上市公司作为模型估计样本对我国房地产上市公司的X-效率进行研究，试图考察我国房地产上市公司的效率变迁状况。研究结果表明，我国房地产上市公司的经营绩效是逐年上升的，但5年平均的X-效率是0．599，我国房地产行业整体绩效依然偏低，其效率的提升空间非常大。     

A response to M. Stone: 'How not to measure the efficiency of public services (and how one might)'

Summary.  This is a response to Stone's criticisms of the Spottiswoode report to the UK Treasury which was responding to the Treasury's request for improved methods to evaluate the efficiency and productivity of the 43 police districts in England and Wales. The Spottiswoode report recommended uses of data envelopment analysis (DEA) and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA), which Stone critiqued en route to proposing an alternative approach. Here we note some of the most serious errors in his criticism and inaccurate portrayals of DEA and SFA. Most of our attention is devoted to DEA, and to Stone's recommended alternative approach without much attention to SFA, partly because of his abbreviated discussion of the latter. In our response we attempt to be constructive as well as critical by showing how Stone's proposed approach can be joined to DEA to expand his proposal beyond limitations in his formulations.