推行职业资格证书制度，促进应用型园林人才培养

文章将职业资格证书制度引入到应用型园林人才培养,对园林专业的职业岗位所需的知识与能力进行论述,并提出通过调整课程设置,加大双师型教师比例,拓展校内外实训基地等途径,以顺利推行职业资格证书制度.     

Demographic Characteristics

This article aims to describe the characteristics of and design elements in gardens/patios at 87 residential living homes for older people and to describe and compare residents’ and staff members’ perceptions of outdoor spaces. The aim was also to investigate factors related to residents' satisfaction with and stays in the garden/patio. The result showed that many gardens/patios had several recommended design elements and, at the same time, obvious deficiencies. The residents (n = 415) valued various aspects of the garden/patio more highly than did the staff (n = 667). Managers responsible for residential living homes for elderly people should take measures to ameliorate deficiencies and deficient elements in design and accessibility that are lacking so that the garden/patio can be used as an important health promotion resource in the care of elderly people. Residents and staff are important actors in such development work.     

中国古典私家园林对医院户外景观设计的启示

随着医学模式的转变和人们对就医环境要求的不断提高,户外景观设计也越来越成为医院建设和改造的重点。而作为“景观疗养”的典范,有着悠久历史的中国古典私家园林在营造理念、体现人文关怀及设计手法方面对现代医疗机构有着重要的启示意义,能激发人们强烈的心理归属感。另外,对古典私家园林成功作法的借鉴,应该建立在对现代人生活方式、行为模式深刻理解的基础之上。只有这样,才能设计出真正满足使用者需要、有中国特色的医院户外景观。     

浅谈中国古典园林建筑的审美意境

探索中国古典园林建筑的审美意境,目的在于对我国古典建筑关学内涵的深入挖掘。通过对具有代表性园林特色的剖析,得出了重要研究结论：中国古典园林建筑与欧洲古代建筑结构、风格迥然不同,深受中国传统文化的影响,充分体现出“天人合一”的自然美、对神仙崇拜的超然美和寺观影响下的宁静美等多重审美特征;集中展现出其所具有的含蓄婉约、张扬个性、细腻精致的丰富审美意境;达到了贴近自然又高于自然、人文与自然相融合的崇高境界;涵盖了山水、建筑、绘画、诗歌、楹联、雕塑等多种艺术以及耐人寻味的情愫、无限丰富的意趣,成为写进自然的史诗,映入人文的山水。     

城市规划原理课程在园林专业中的教学研究

根据园林专业学生的培养目标和社会需求,结合城市规划原理课程在园林专业的教学实践,指出该课程的教学需要注意如下几方面：城市化进程的加快是对园林专业的挑战,同时也提供了机遇;应纠正学生认识上的偏差,理顺城市规划与园林设计的关系;要注重教学效果及学生的反馈信息;应适时调整教学大纲,及时充实教学内容.加强教学的针对性与合理性,才能取得良好的教学效果.     

中国文人对园林意境设计的影响分析——以苏州园林为例

中国园林有皇家园林和文人园林两条发展脉络,苏州园林集中体现了文人园林中文人的文学修养、生活方式以及态度、思想对园林意境设计的影响。其命名受文人对自然与美学意境的追求的影响而极具文学、绘画的美学意境;其整体设计受到文人的生活方式与态度影响,用＂以人为本＂作为为园林的意境设计指导思想;园林的整体意境受文人思想影响着重于显而不露、意境无穷;园林植物的种植亦强调其所表达的意境。     

兰亭雅集与隐逸诗的唱和探析

中古时期,隐逸观念发生了质的变化,即注重对隐逸精神的追求,其隐逸的外在形式也有所变化,随着隐逸之风的大兴,士人积极营造隐居的生活环境———园林。因此,在园林集会成为一种社会时尚,兰亭集会上,士人共同创制了大量的隐逸诗来表达自我的隐逸思想,改变了隐逸诗个性创制的特征,其诗歌又具有一些共同的特征。      

园林中的山与石

石有瘦、透、漏、皱、丑诸貌 ,可以表达人格意义上的阳刚之气和阴柔之韵。正因如此 ,奇山怪石成为中国园林中特有的艺术符号 ,造园者善于运用这些符号来创造优美的景致 ,形成深远的意境。     

Portions of paradise: aromatic landscapes in Chilean urban gardens (1671–1897)

ABSTRACT

The present essay identifies the smellscapes of colonial and early Republican Chile through the reconstruction of botanical aromas in private urban gardens. Using archival documents in the Chilean National Archives, the Franciscan Archives of Chile, the Judicial Archives of San Juan Province and the Historical Archives of Mendoza we identify the botanical contents of enclosed gardens and orchards in upper-class homes. In contrast to previous studies that have linked the bad odors of early modern Latin America to infirmity and poverty, our purpose is to consider the place of pleasant aromas as part of a garden typology in which the garden is a reconstruction of paradise. Through our analysis of inventories and appraisals we identify continuities in botanical contents and structure between private Chilean gardens and prototypes in Moorish Spain. Our data confirms that the aromas of roses, jasmine, and citrus were a feature of the elite Chilean garden alongside native plants, and the resulting pleasant sensorial experiences imparted a paradisiacal ideal adapted from Moorish-Spanish antecedents. Ultimately, we interpret the fragrances of such private gardens as performances of power that gave presence to the hidden sites where elite Chilean networks were forged, and thus served as ephemeral signals of social exclusivity.