Financial policy innovation for social change: a case study of China's green credit policy

Financial policy impacts on a range of social issues such as poverty alleviation, education, pollution control, etc. Making good use of financial policy and applying innovation to existing financial systems can generate positive outcomes for society. This article is to discuss the case of green credit policy in China. This policy was jointly announced in 2007 by financial and environmental regulators. According to this policy, banks were encouraged to give more loans to environmental friendly companies than to others. Such policy has made great progress, and it became a more formal document entitled ‘Green Credit Guideline’ in 2012. This guideline included a comprehensive definition on green credit and specified several requirements at practical levels. Despite the great success, challenges of implementing such policy still remain. First, information about corporate environmental performance is insufficient; second, market incentives for green credit policy are not high enough; third, most banking staff lack knowledge and capacity to handle environmental affairs. Nevertheless, this case still sheds light on how financial policy innovation drives social changes. The key is to identify the connection between social issues and financial issues, and then to make a business case that creates pressures or incentives for financial institutions. This requires a market where social and environmental cost is appropriately priced and internalized to those who generate it. Ideally, financial policies should help shape such a market so that society can share values created by financial institutions.     

Trying to stay ahead of the curve in Chile's economic development: exploring a way out of the middle‐income trap through pragmatic export development

Underneath impressive growth levels, the Chilean economy displays signs of being caught in a middle‐income trap. It has been unable to improve its productivity, increase the added value of its exports or upgrade its value chain. Its economy cannot compete either with low‐wage countries or highly productive, innovative countries. Its export strategy based on export promotion seems to have outlived its usefulness. It achieved remarkable quantitative success, but must now attend qualitative attributes. Instead of regarding market‐driven export promotion and state‐led export development as substitutes, this article proposes to view them as alternatives in different stages of development. To choose the appropriate time, more attention should be given to non‐traditional, structural indicators, like export sophistication and political‐institutional capabilities.     

反腐倡廉效率评估:方法选择与指标构建

对反腐倡廉建设开展效率评估,不仅有利于改进和提升反腐倡廉的效率,推进反腐倡廉建设科学化的进程,还能为反腐倡廉形势评估开辟一个独特的视角。文章在综述国内反腐倡廉建设评估研究的基础上,提出了反腐倡廉效率评估的必要性;并基于反腐倡廉建设目标与特点分析,论证了数据包络分析方法对反腐倡廉效率评估的适用性;参照学术界已有的成果,结合实践逻辑构建了反腐倡廉效率评估指标体系;阐述了数据包络分析的模型选择及运算过程。     

Proposing a model for promoting Children's Health in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings

This pilot study was conducted in one early childhood pre-school nursery setting in an area of high deprivation in England to explore the under-researched area of how practitioners promote the health of children. The research used an original tool, Child Health Promotion: A Toolkit for Early Childhood Education and Care Practitioners, containing a 5 Step Programme as a model to guide practitioners in identifying and implementing a health promotion activity. The findings will help to set the onward agenda for a larger scale study which will foreground the voices of practitioners and highlight the role that ECEC practitioners can play in promoting the health of children.     

The Culture of High-Risk Alcohol Use Among Club and Intramural Athletes

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the drinking patterns of club and intramural college athletes and compare their alcohol consumption, perceived norms around the excessive use of alcohol, experience of negative consequences, and employment of protective strategies with those of campus varsity athletes. Participants: A total of 442 undergraduate students attending a private, suburban institution in the Northeast participated in the American College Health Association National College Health Assessment-II Web survey in spring 2011. Thirty-five students identified themselves as varsity athletes, 76 identified as club sport athletes, and 196 students identified themselves as intramural athletes. Methods: Survey responses were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The Pearson's correlation coefficient and test for independence were applied to identify significant relationships between athlete status and identified variables related to alcohol use. Results: Results indicated that there were significant correlations between athlete status and all variables, to varying degrees. Conclusions: These findings have implications for campus health promotion professionals and athletics program coordinators seeking to address high-risk alcohol use among college athletes.     

中国绿色GDP核算实践：问题与对策

绿色GDP核算在我国仍处于探索阶段，通过对东部、中部、西部的实际污染治理数据进行分析，指出越是GDP低下的地域，实际污染治理支出占GDP的比重越高。绿色GDP核算面临着基础数据、核算技术等方面的难题。最后，提出了现阶段绿色GDP核算应量力而行；在企业中推广环境管理体系、企业年度环境报告书制度和企业环境会计核算等对策。     

福建省高校五人制足球开展研究

通过对福建省开展五人制足球较成熟的4所高校的调查,分析五人制足球运动在福建高校开展的意义、状况。在此基础上,提出了一些建议与设想,明确了应该在福建省各个高校内积极开展与推广五人制足球,最终推动大众足球运动的普及与发展的意见。     

限量促销诱发的前瞻性情绪及其作用机制

摘要:为探讨限量促销诱发的前瞻性情绪及其对购买意愿的作用机制,根据促销决策及目标导向型决策理论,在将前瞻性情绪分为“希望、焦虑、预期欣喜和预期后悔”的基础上,结合限量方式、产品类型及限制数量3个因素,借助5个心理学实验进行检验.研究发现:1)生产型限量与销售型限量方式对前瞻性情绪及购买意愿的影响有显著差异,且生产型限量的影响更大;2)限量方式对前瞻性情绪及购买意愿的影响会受到产品类型的调节.炫耀品更适合使用生产型限量促销,非炫耀品更适合使用销售型限量促销;3)在炫耀品情境下,限量方式对前瞻性情绪及购买意愿的影响会受到限制数量的调节;4)在炫耀品情境下,一元线性回归结果显示,希望、焦虑、预期欣喜、预期后悔对购买意愿的影响都显著,但多元线性回归显示,希望的影响最大,预期后悔与预期欣喜紧随其后,而焦虑则不显著.以上研究结论不仅对企业提升限量促销效果有益,而且有助于深入理解前瞻性情绪的作用.     

绿色小城镇推广存在的问题与对策研究

通过分析我国绿色小城镇发展现状,指出其发展过程中存在绿色小城镇认知度不够、法律法规不健全、激励机制不完善、技术研发和技术人才缺乏等突出问题,从绿色小城镇的建设发展涉及的规划、建设、运行、管理等多领域,政府机构、建设发展主体、金融机构、辖区居民等多利益主体入手,综合考虑技术、经济、管理、法规等诸多层面的协调与配合,制定切实可行的应对对策与建议。     

“木精为青牛”考释

植物精怪的动物化是一种世界性民俗现象,在中国古代则有“木精为青牛”的说法。究其原因,这一观念的出现大约有三方面的影响因素:一是古代神话中植物神祗动物形貌的遗存;二是秦汉时期有“出土牛迎春”的礼俗,土牛、青牛与春天、树木关联在一起;三是中国古代有源远流长的青牛信仰,在魏晋南北朝时期尤为突出,这是“木精为青牛”说的民俗背景。