The duty to care and the need to split

This paper arises out of psychoanalytically oriented consultancy to teams of staff in the helping professions where there is a statutory 'duty to care'. It takes as its premise the seemingly paradoxical hypothesis that workers may need to split off part of their emotional experience in order to preserve their own mental health and provide reliable services to their clients. I argue that while a professional 'duty to care' requires us to be emotionally 'in touch', the demands of our clients together with the demands of the institutional response to the 'duty to care' cause us to split off parts of our awareness. I also argue that provided the splitting does not become extreme we are doing no more or less than the rest of society. In other words, there is a degree of 'normal splitting' which numbs our awareness of danger and destructiveness and seeks to protect us from too much anxiety and pain. Yet if professional workers are charged with the responsibility of assessing risk and acting accordingly for the protection of all concerned they need ways of being 'in touch' (re-integrating the splits) for some or enough of the time. Finally, I will describe ways of being 'in touch', illustrating the difficulty and the pain of re-integrating the splits and some of the insights that can arise out of this work with examples from my consultancy work.     

生态视域下大学生理想信念教育优化路径探讨

理想信念教育是高校思政工作的核心，文章从生态学的视角分析了大学生理想信念教育的现状，并提出从教育目标、主体关系、客体选择、介体形成、环体营造等方面优化大学生理想信念教育生态体系，以达到培养社会主义合格建设者和可靠接班人的目的。     

《老子》“养”字词义考辨

休谟哲学常常被诠释为一种具有心理主义倾向的经验论,但其作为一个历史学家的身份在其哲学研究和探讨中较受忽略,因此,休谟哲学中所隐藏的历史性和历史意识的向度并未受到充分重视。文章旨在通过对休谟文本的再度诠释,揭示和展现其哲学中的历史意识,这也是一种深化和准确理解休谟哲学的新维度。     

Preference for realistic art predicts support for Brexit

Following the UK’s EU referendum in June 2016, there has been considerable interest from scholars in understanding the characteristics that differentiate Leave supporters from Remain supporters. Since Leave supporters score higher on conscientiousness but lower on neuroticism and openness, and given their general proclivity toward conservatism, we hypothesized that preference for realistic art would predict support for Brexit. Data on a large nationally representative sample of the British population were obtained, and preference for realistic art was measured using a four‐item binary choice test. Controlling for a range of personal characteristics, we found that respondents who preferred all four realistic paintings were 15–20 percentage points more likely to support Leave than those who preferred zero or one realistic paintings. This effect was comparable to the difference in support between those with a degree and those with no education, and was robust to controlling for the respondent’s party identity.     

Turkey’s Twitter public diplomacy: Towards a “new” cult of personality

This study examined how Turkey uses social media as a tool for public diplomacy and how the state’s soft-power efforts have recently changed on the global stage. The researchers constructed a dataset of 2769 Twitter posts by the Turkish government’s most influential public diplomacy accounts. The analyses revealed that the focus of Turkey’s Twitter public diplomacy has become concentrated on the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and is thematically focused on the political values embodied by the Turkish president. The findings suggest that public diplomacy remains to be the diplomacy of the government, not of the public, and social media is used as just another tool for propaganda, not as a means of engagement with foreign publics. Further, the findings indicate the emergence of a “new” cult of personality in public diplomacy and point out the instrumental role of social media in changing the dynamics of leader-follower relationship. The study contributes to public relations theory and practice by advancing the burgeoning public diplomacy scholarship at the intersection of social media and relational approaches.     

长时工作记忆的模块优化机制——基于理想认知模型的分析

记忆术是在新异信息与固有信息间强制建立一种人为意义联系的记忆策略。记忆术之所以能够有效提升记忆品质，是因为它能帮助构建稳定的理想认知模型，而理想化认知模型可被用作完整的记忆组块被个体提取到工作记忆中。组块中处于个体意识中央的那部分信息作为提取线索，将组块内的其它信息牵引到长时工作记忆中，这一方面增强了信息的可得性，另一方面还有效克服了短时工作记忆的容量限制。总之，记忆术通过理想认知模型优化了长时工作记忆，从而改善了记忆效率，提升了记忆品质。     

Who does not cut down? Comparing characteristics and drinking motives of drinkers and abstainers during the exam periods

Objective: Drinking alcohol during the exams can affect academic performance and future career options, but is rarely investigated. Drinking motives, sociodemographics and personality characteristics are investigated in nonabstainers and weekly drinkers during the exams. Participants: 7,181 Belgian university students who anonymously responded to an email invitation to an online survey. Methods: Logistic regressions and mixed design analysis of variance on cross-sectional data. Results: One-third of the students continued drinking during the exams, with 40% drinking weekly. Nonabstainers were mainly men, elder, internally motivated when drinking, and housed with parents or independently. Weekly drinkers were similar, except mainly housed in student apartments or independently. Personality characteristics were nonsignificant. All drinking motives were less pronounced during the exams, with smaller differences for internal motives. Conclusions: Mainly linked to internal drinking motives, drinking during the exams in higher education is underestimated. The characteristics and motives of students doing so can be used in future interventions.     

浅谈我国体育新闻如何避免侵犯人格权

体育新闻要起到舆论监督作用,就必须做到内容的公开透明,这就会与体育名人的人格权相冲突。本文在分析体育新闻自身特点与体育名人的人格权的基础上,探寻了冲突产生的原因。在现实的新闻报道中,经常会有媒体侵犯体育名人的权益的事件发生,对体育名人的姓名权、肖像权、名誉权、荣誉权、人身自由权、隐私权等造成影响。本文从新闻立法和媒体自律两个方面着手,具体阐述了如何避免侵犯体育名人人格权的方法,具有一定的现实意义。     

建设中国特色社会主义共同理想与思政工作

党的十七大报告指出,要将社会主义核心价值体系融入到精神文明教育及国民教育全过程中,并将其转变为人们的自觉追求。在新形势下,贯彻落实十七大精神,坚持社会主义荣辱观,明确思政工作的目标与任务,培养社会主义建设者与接班人,形成中国特色社会主义共同理想,具有深远意义。本文论述了构建中国特色社会主义共同理想思政工作的意义与途径。     

战国四公子风范及其性格探微

战国时期，群雄割据，连年混战，政局动荡。为了达到强大自己并统一天下的目的，各诸侯国对人才的需要极度膨胀，而这一时期，以好客喜士而闻名的四公子，即齐国孟尝君、赵国平原君、魏国信陵君、楚国春申君，为其所处诸侯国的人才储备与供应做了巨大贡献。司马迁在《史记》中对四公子的行径描述详细。在这里，分别从“四公子何以进入《史记》”“四公子之好客”“四公子之疏误…‘从生活环境窥探四公子的性格”和“太史公笔下的四公子”等方面浅显解析战国四公子之异同。