The Role of Child Emotionality in Child Behavior and Maternal Instruction on Planning Tasks

This study explored the relation of children's emotional functioning to children's behavior during individual planning and mother's and children's behaviors during joint planning. Participants were 118 mothers and their second‐grade children. Mothers rated children on their emotional intensity and children rated themselves on their use of emotion regulation strategies. Children and mother–child dyads were videotaped during planning tasks and independent observers rated their behavior. Child emotional intensity was directly related to children being less engaged in the task and to an emphasis in maternal instruction on regulatory behaviors. Some types of emotion regulation strategies modified these relations. Findings suggest that child emotionality may play an important role in the early school years in children's opportunities to learn during social‐cognitive activity.     

高校构建全面薪酬体系探讨

科学合理的薪酬体系是高校有效传达学校的办学理念、办学宗旨,充分激发广大教职工的积极性、创造性,留住人才、吸引人才的关键。高校现行的工资制度仍存在工资平台现象严重和单位内部不同职务人员工资收入差距过小等问题。高校全面薪酬体系应包括制度工资、岗位津贴、奖酬金、福利、事业成就感、环境等因素。     

基于市场化运营导向的铁路运输清算激励机制研究

依据现行铁路运输清算办法,对京哈、京沪等重点线路客货运输清算收入的实例分析发现,铁路局开行客货列车的意愿与全路收益最大化目标不一致。直通客货运输、管内与直通运输、清算收入与成本支出之间存在一定程度的激励机制缺失,不利于铁路运输企业的市场化运营。建议从清算类别、清算标准以及清算机制等方面完善现有清算体系,建立符合全路收益最大化和运力资源集约化利用的铁路运输经济激励机制。     

心理契约视角下高校临聘人员激励机制研究

高校临聘人员的稳定和发展需要良好的激励机制。随着我国高校对临聘人员管理的全面加强,如何调动临聘人员的工作积极性,提高他们的工作满意度和对高校的忠诚度,降低临聘人员的流失等问题,成为当前高校队伍建设中需要解决的重要问题。本文通过对心理契约理论与高校临聘人员管理的契合等方面的研究,力求构建高校临聘人员有效的激励机制。     

从税收优惠措施看我国采用加速折旧法的可行性

本文从税收优惠措施和会计折旧方法两方面结合考虑 ,探讨采用加速折旧法的可行性 ,这无论是对税收政策的制定还是对会计折旧法的选择都是一种启发     

Florida Households’ Expected Responses to Hurricane Hazard Mitigation Incentives

This study tested a series of models predicting household expectations of participating in hurricane hazard mitigation incentive programs. Data from 599 households in Florida revealed that mitigation incentive adoption expectations were most strongly and consistently related to hazard intrusiveness and risk perception and, to a lesser extent, worry. Demographic and hazard exposure had indirect effects on mitigation incentive adoption expectations that were mediated by the psychological variables. The results also revealed differences in the factors affecting mitigation incentive adoption expectations for each of five specific incentive programs. Overall, the results suggest that hazard managers are more likely to increase participation in mitigation incentive programs if they provide messages that repeatedly (thus increasing hazard intrusiveness) remind people of the likelihood of severe negative consequences of hurricane impact (thus increasing risk perception).     

光波叠加研究的计算机模拟法

在光波叠加的传统方法之上推导出计算公式，用计算机高级语言来编写程序，输入内存且运行后可在屏幕上模拟显示光强分布图，而且可以实现人机对话．灵活选择不同参数，可以得到比课本上更直观更多样化的图形，在教学中起到了很好的辅助作用     

建立有效的国有企业管理人员的激励和约束机制

如何充分发挥国有企业管理人员的才能 ?如何针对国有企业管理人员的行为特征建立有效的激励和约束机制 ,从而解决激励不力、约束不力的问题 ?对这些问题的回答也正是搞活国有企业的关键所在。论文尝试建立针对国有企业管理人员的有效的激励、约束机制 ,从而推动国有企业的改革 ,实现国有资产的保值增值。     

Attempts to Increase Vehicle Safety-Belt Use Among Industry Workers

Abstract

A multiple intervention level hierarchy was evaluated with systematic implementation of successive interventions over a period of two years. Successive applications of written prompts, goal-setting, goal-setting plus feedback, and promise-card commitment interventions did not significantly impact the safety-belt use of 556 employees at a manufacturing plant in southwest Virginia. A modest increase in safety-belt use (from 59% to 68%) occurred only when a promise-card commitment strategy was combined with an incentive/reward strategy. These data support a multiple intervention level hierarchy which suggests that repeated attempts to change behavior with interventions at the same level of intrusiveness will not affect behavior uninfluenced by the first attempt at that level. A flow of behavior change model (Geller, 1999) is used to explain the impact of interventions on people at different stages of readiness for behavior change and to extend the multiple intervention level model. Suggestions are given for selecting the most appropriate behavior change strategy for large-scale applications.     

我国低碳生物技术发展的法律激励机制探索

低碳生物技术应用于能源与环境等领域将能缓解能源需求,改善生态环境,实现经济与社会的可持续发展。我国低碳生物技术的法律激励机制应体现在统筹规划与约束性目标、研发投入支持、财政与税收优惠、收购激励与政府采购以及培育和完善市场等方面。低碳生物技术发展不仅需要一整套规范的、系统的激励机制,而且还应落实到现实运作中,实现其高效性和有效性的统一。由此,需要政府在战略规划与计划、法律法规及其配套、产业管理与市场监管、经济与财税优惠等方面完善体制,也需要企业和市场理性发展,形成从制度设计到技术产业化的良性运行。