区域多元化抑或产品多元化?制度环境约束下民营企业核心能力构建与成长战略选择

在文献与理论研究的基础上,构建了制度环境、核心能力与企业成长战略选择之间关系的概念模型,并提出了相关假设。然后,以中国民营上市公司2007-2014年数据为对象进行实证检验,结果发现:市场化程度更高的区域,民营企业倾向于构建"行业专家"型核心能力,进而倾向于选择"做强"的区域多元化战略;市场化程度相对较低的区域,民营企业更多倾向于构建"社会资本"型核心能力,进而会选择"做大"的产品多元化战略。上述发现为企业成长与多元化战略理论补充了新的内容。     

Visions and politics in the making of Stockholm's House of Culture: Institutional complexity within extraordinary projects

The aim of the article is to analyse and comprehend the interplay of institutional logics in the realisation of Stockholm's House of Culture, Kulturhuset, hereby beginning to answer the question of what role cultural logics play in cultural development projects. Based on an in-depth case study of the process leading up to the creation of Kulturhuset, the article explores the interplay of a politico-bureaucratic logic and a cultural–professional logic governing the evolution of the project. Following a Scandinavian tradition of interpretative studies of complex development projects, the making of Kulturhuset is framed as an extraordinary project involving a complicated development process. The process dynamics are explored and analysed through the lens of institutional complexity. The article's main contribution lies in its highlighting the interplay of – and nuancing the relation between – institutional logics. It also serves as a reminder of the power of bureaucratic ordering in urban development projects.     

体制化“空转”： 发展悖境中社区工作站运行的组织行为分析——以S市X社区为例

社区工作站作为承接政府社区公共服务职能的新型社会组织，似乎并未真正摒弃行政化积弊及普遍性怠政现象，凸显出事实与价值背离的发展悖境态势。在当前新工作情境下，社区工作站无论是窗口、街头还是社区,其实都呈现出无工作负荷的“空转”状态，并彰显惯习性运作的体制化印记，而体制化“空转”的致因逻辑又在于情境暗示效应下的规章制度软性约束、街道办“示范效应”及社区工作“应付法则”。对此，有必要由情境反思予以解悖，从“干净的石板（clean slate）”出发，在政策原点上破解社区工作站的运行困境，尝试社区工作站的机构撤并及职能删减,以摒除社区公共服务工作中本不该有的体制化“空转”状态，力促基层组织体制改革去行政化的不二取向。     

中国都市密集区市际关系中存在的问题及其应对

当前，中国都市密集区市际关系中存在的问题包括产业结构趋同、恶性竞争、城市定位重复混乱、地方保护主义以及基础设施重复建设等。都市密集区市际关系中存在的复杂问题，与市际关系协调机制不成熟、不完善密切相关。创新都市密集区市际关系协调的制度和机制，实现协调主体的多元化、方式多样化、目标长期化，是当前都市密集区发展中殊为迫切的任务。     

Assessing the Concept of the ‘Insecure‐Other’ Category in the Cassidy–Marvin Scheme: Changes Between 4 and 6 Years in the English and Romanian Adoptee Study

We set out to explore the meaning of the attachment categories in the Cassidy/Marvin strange situation procedure, as employed in the home, using data from a longitudinal study of children adopted into UK families up to the age of 42 months from Romanian institutions, and of adopted children without the experience of institutional care––both groups being assessed at 4 and 6 years of age. Inter‐rater reliability was found to be good. Security (meaning the use of the parent as a secure base and no negative behavior on reunion) was the modal categorical rating in both the institution‐reared and comparison groups, but the category of anomalous non‐normative behavior (meaning a lack of any ordered attachment behavior as covered by the standard ratings), previously labeled ‘insecure‐other’, was more common in the institution‐reared children. Because this was unassociated with the usual manifestations of insecurity (such as avoidance or resistance) and because it was largely evident in interactions with the stranger, it is concluded that the adjective ‘insecure’ was not appropriate. Although this ‘insecure‐other’ category was associated with disinhibited attachment as reported by parents (meaning a lack of differentiation among adults, a willingness to go off with strangers and a lack of checking back with parents in anxiety‐provoking situations), it did not prove to be a good index of disinhibited attachment because changes over time in the ‘insecure‐other’ category were not associated with changes in the rate of disinhibited attachment. Also, whereas the rate of ‘insecure‐other’ fell markedly in the institution‐reared group between 4 and 6 years of age, it rose in the comparison group, raising queries over its meaning.     

低碳经济视角下乡镇工业园区发展的困境与对策

发展低碳经济已成为全球共识,产业的低碳发展更是成为关注的焦点。目前关于产业低碳发展的问题大多集中在循环经济、低碳产业或高能耗行业,实际上不同类型的工业园区在产业的低碳化水平上存在很大的差异性。此文认为乡镇工业园区的低碳发展问题应该值得重点关注,并从制度层面对乡镇工业园区的低碳发展问题进行了探讨,同时提出了一些政策建议。     

非正式制度探析:乡村社会的视角

本文从非正式制度的概念出发 ,分析了非正式制度在乡村社会存在的社会基础和运行机制 ,并讨论了乡村社会非正式制度的变迁路径和目标 ,认为只有通过合理的制度安排 ,才能实现正式制度与非正式制度在乡村社会的相容 ,乡村社会走向现代化才能获得积极的制度支持。     

Leveraging the common and outsourcing the distinct: institutional difference and multinational company identity in emerging economies

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the challenges of outsidership faced by multinational companies (MNCs) accessing emerging economies. The paper departs from popular conceptualisations of culture drawing instead on social identity theory as part of an institutions-based view, to explain how employing a singularities approach can allow the identification of commonalities of Indianness and Australianness that can be leveraged to ameliorate negative socially embedded business norms that pose a challenge to MNC success in emerging economies. This study shows that despite recognised formal (regulatory) and informal (cultural) differences, managers of Australian MNCs operating in India were able to innovatively identify and exploit cultural commonalties/singularities to ease cultural adjustment and mitigate intergroup conflict, allowing them to achieve an innovative institutional fit. The paper discusses how, using this approach, sole-venture MNCs can access many of the benefits provided by collaborative entry modes while preserving MNC identity. We further propose that the singularities approach can provide a valuable starting point to develop culturally appropriate competence training initiatives.     

制度环境、风险感知对供应链网络治理模式选择的影响研究

本文以新制度理论与交易成本理论进行对话,从合法性视角构建中国情境下制度环境、风险感知与供应链网络治理模式选择之间影响机理的理论模型。通过问卷调查的方式收集117份有效问卷,并采用结构方程模型方法实证检验制度环境、风险感知对供应链网络治理模式的"形塑"作用。研究结果表明,制度环境是影响供应链网络治理模式选择的重要因素,强制制度对供应链网络治理模式选择具有显著影响,规范制度的影响作用不显著。在供应链网络治理模式选择过程中关系风险感知具有完全中介作用,而绩效风险感知具有部分中介作用。     

组织特点、外部约束与行业协会能力

构建行业协会制度能力和服务能力测度指标,实证研究表明:协会组织特点、外部约束对于制度能力以及制度能力对于服务能力具有影响。组织特点中,协会兼职或离退休官员的存在不利于协会制度能力提高,尤其是离退休官员。收入虽然对制度能力没影响,但显著影响了服务能力。外部约束中,行业竞争不利于协会制度能力,也没有影响服务能力,反而容易诱发协会寻租活动。协会间竞争对于制度能力、服务能力都没有影响,但对寻租活动抑制效果显著。政策只对协会促进会员遵守规则的制度能力具有正向作用,对协会服务能力提升没有产生效果,仅减少了协会寻租可能。制度能力对于协会总体服务能力和正向服务能力都具有积极作用,而对于负向能力没有影响。