Optimal Bandwidth Selection in Heteroskedasticity–Autocorrelation Robust Testing

This paper considers studentized tests in time series regressions with nonparametrically autocorrelated errors. The studentization is based on robust standard errors with truncation lag M=bT for some constant b∈(0, 1] and sample size T. It is shown that the nonstandard fixed‐b limit distributions of such nonparametrically studentized tests provide more accurate approximations to the finite sample distributions than the standard small‐b limit distribution. We further show that, for typical economic time series, the optimal bandwidth that minimizes a weighted average of type I and type II errors is larger by an order of magnitude than the bandwidth that minimizes the asymptotic mean squared error of the corresponding long‐run variance estimator. A plug‐in procedure for implementing this optimal bandwidth is suggested and simulations (not reported here) confirm that the new plug‐in procedure works well in finite samples.     

Unheard voices,unmapped terrain: Care work in long‐term residential care for older people in Canada and Sweden

Daly T, Szebehely M. Unheard voices, unmapped terrain: care work in long‐term residential care for older people in Canada and Sweden This article aims to contribute to comparative welfare state research by analysing the everyday work life of long‐term care facility workers in Canada and Sweden. The study's empirical base was a survey of fixed and open‐ended questions. The article presents results from a subset of respondents (care aides and assistant nurses) working in facilities in three Canadian provinces (n= 557) and across Sweden (n= 292). The workers' experiences were linked to the broader economic and organisational contexts of residential care in the two jurisdictions. We found a high degree of country‐specific differentiation of work organisation: Canada follows a model of highly differentiated task‐oriented work, whereas Sweden represents an integrated relational care work model. Reflecting differences in the vertical division of labour, the Canadian care aides had more demanding working conditions than their Swedish colleagues. The consequences of these models for care workers, for older people and for their families are discussed.     

Differences and similarities in monetary benefits for informal care in old and new EU member states

This article presents an overview of the monetary benefits available in the context of long‐term care provided by family or other informal carers in 11 old and 10 new EU member states. All but one country in our sample offer at least some monetary benefits that can be used to help finance informal care. Old EU member states tend to direct benefits to individuals in need of care, whereas new EU member states place more emphasis on benefits for carers. Among new EU member states, monetary benefits are less often means‐tested and tend to be lower compared with benefits in old EU member states. Because social policies in many countries increasingly rely on monetary benefits rather than on benefits in kind and because the share of informal care in the overall provision of elderly care will scarcely decline, monetary benefit incentives for labour market participation need to be carefully monitored.     

Parametric Inference in Stationary Time Series Models with Dependent Errors

This article is concerned with inference for the parameter vector in stationary time series models based on the frequency domain maximum likelihood estimator. The traditional method consistently estimates the asymptotic covariance matrix of the parameter estimator and usually assumes the independence of the innovation process. For dependent innovations, the asymptotic covariance matrix of the estimator depends on the fourth‐order cumulants of the unobserved innovation process, a consistent estimation of which is a difficult task. In this article, we propose a novel self‐normalization‐based approach to constructing a confidence region for the parameter vector in such models. The proposed procedure involves no smoothing parameter, and is widely applicable to a large class of long/short memory time series models with weakly dependent innovations. In simulation studies, we demonstrate favourable finite sample performance of our method in comparison with the traditional method and a residual block bootstrap approach.     

我国高水平女子中长跑运动员训练疲劳效应特征研究

从适应—疲劳学说视角对女子中长跑训练疲劳效应进行研究分析,认为运动训练本身会产生负效应现象.我国奥运会优势项目女子中长跑运动员在黄金年龄因伤被迫退役就是教练在训练中忽视运动训练负效应人为地造成的,这也提示我国教练:运动训练本身具有负效应,在中长跑训练中要重视和借鉴国外教练的"两极化"训练模式,增加有氧训练的比例.     

Eight Years of Data on Residents in Small Dementia-Care Settings Suggest Functional Performance Is Maintained

Eight years of data analysis on residents’ status from three small Alzheimer care centers suggest notable stability in function. Individuals’ functional ability was best in their first year, but their year-to-year decline was mostly not significant. Cognitive abilities also were best in the resident's first year, but first-, second-, and third-year cognitive scores were not significantly different. We compared the residents’ dementia progression rate to the true rate of natural disease progression. This study, like others on small homelike settings, suggests that appropriate homelike environments maintain persons with dementia at an optimum level longer.     

Coordination in Games with Strategic Complementarities: An Experiment on Fixed vs. Random Matching

In this article, we study behavior in a series of two‐player supply chain game experiments. Each player simultaneously chooses a capacity before demand is realized, and sales are given by the minimum of realized demand and chosen capacities. We focus on the differences in behavior under fixed pairs and random rematching. Intuition suggests that long‐run relations should lead to more profitable outcomes. However, our results go against this intuition. While subjects' capacity choices are better aligned (i.e., closer together) under fixed pairs, average profits are more variable. Moreover, learning is slower under fixed pairs—so much so that over the last five periods, average profits are actually higher under random rematching. The underlying cause for this finding appears to be a “first‐impressions” bias, present only under fixed matching, in which the greater the misalignment in initial choices, the lower are average profits.     

“螺丝揭顶”坟墓葬俗的民俗学研究——以武陵文化区渝东南酉水流域瓦乡话、土家语、苗语地区为例

武陵文化区酉水流域"螺丝揭顶"坟墓葬式是少数民族葬俗,是原始社会历史文化的遗留,其水生、土养、岫居、岩葬、石柩、遮阳、龙坛、吉穴、安魂、孝亲等丧葬内涵明显,在中国水乡蚌壳仙女等民间文学中有体现,是水乡稻作民族葬俗模式在山区的遗留,有对水乡生活的留恋,是历史上移民文化的遗存,是对人类生命礼仪、南方民族尊尊亲贤等优雅风尚的最高赞颂,有丰富的民族、历史文化、艺术、宗教因素,是中国南方民族丧葬文化的精品。     

中国西南民族“螺丝结顶”墓葬的民俗学研究——以“瓦乡话”、“土家语”、“苗语”地区为例

中国西南民族螺丝结顶墓葬体现了少数民族葬俗,是原始社会历史文化的遗留,其水生、土养、岫居、岩葬、石柩、遮阳、龙坛、吉穴、安魂、孝亲等丧葬内涵明显,在中国水乡蚌壳仙女等民间文学中有体现,是水乡稻作民族葬俗模式在山区的遗留,有对水乡生活的留恋,是历史上移民文化的遗存,是对人类生命礼仪、南方民族尊尊亲贤等优雅风尚的最高赞颂,有丰富的民族、历史文化、艺术、宗教因素,是中国南方民族丧葬文化的精品。     

基于神经网络和遗传算法的压力机调节螺杆优化设计

强度和质量是压力机调节螺杆主要性能指标。将神经网络和遗传算法结合起来,可以很好地对调节螺杆结构进行多目标优化设计。文章首先建立了调节螺杆有限元分析模型,然后应用正交试验方法对神经网络的训练样本进行试验安排,并建立出设计参数与最大应力、质量映射关系的神经网络模型。利用遗传算法对该神经网络模型进行全局寻优,得到调节螺杆的最优结构参数。