Social identities and political cleavages: the role of political context

Summary. Using a novel method, the paper investigates the influence of social group identities on attitudes and on voting in a variety of political contexts. Examining the major regions of Britain, Canada and the USA, we find considerable national and regional diversity in the nature of social cleavages. For example, social class and race had widely different effects across societies, but within societies their effects on attitudes and on voting were very similar. However, despite that, age and religion had a similar effect on attitudes across societies; the effects on voting varied considerably. The significant within-country differences underline the importance of using region, rather than country, as the unit of analysis. More importantly, these results highlight the role of political context, especially competing cleavages and the structure of party competition, in the establishment of politically relevant social cleavages.     

Temporal pattern in number of staff on sick leave: the effect of downsizing

Summary.  The pattern of absenteeism in the downsizing process of companies is a topic in focus in economics and social science. A general question is whether employees who are frequently absent are more likely to be selected to be laid off or in contrast whether employees to be dismissed are more likely to be absent for the remaining time of their working contract. We pursue an empirical and microeconomic investigation of these theses. We analyse longitudinal data that were collected in a German company over several years. We fit a semiparametric transition model based on a mixture Poisson distribution for the days of absenteeism per month. Prediction intervals are considered and the primary focus is on the period of downsizing. The data reveal clear evidence for the hypothesis that employees who are to be laid off are more frequently absent before leaving the company. Interestingly, though, no clear evidence is seen that employees being selected to leave the company are those with a bad absenteeism profile.     

美国与英国公益性科技管理体系研究

从国家科技管理机构、科研体系及公共科研成果转化三个方面分析美国和英国的公益性科技管理制度及其发展变化.随着经济全球化和知识自由流动的发展,科学技术在国家经济发展与社会进步方面的作用越来越大,政府在科技管理上的职能与地位也随之发生变化,总的来说是由原来的主要资助者和实施者转变为催化者和促进者.     

一类混合指数型算子的一致逼近

主要讨论了一类混合指数型算子的一致逼近问题，并给出了逼近阶的估计和特征刻划。     

对新时期高校班主任工作的思考

文章结合班主任工作的体会 ,根据新时期大学生的特点 ,着重从五个方面论述了新时期班主任工作的新特点与方法     

IT教学中教学方法的探讨

教学方法是实现教学目的所采用的途径和手段。信息产业的高速发展要求教育者不断改进教学方法。针对目前 IT教学的情况 ,本文对教学方法从七个方面进行了探讨 :考试的重点、理论课程与实验课程的安排、教材的更新、学生创新能力的培养、教学活动的方法、与学生的交流、教学模式的多样化     

生物研究性学习尝试

在全面推行素质教育的今天 ,改革传统的教学模式已经刻不容缓 ,研究性学习模式正成为我国中小学教育教学改革的新视点。本文对研究性学习的的概念、特点及理论基础作了初步的探讨 ,并结合具体的研究性学习案例介绍了研究性学习的一般过程。     

关于学科建设的几点思考

文章就高等学校学科建设中的主要问题进行了探讨。作者认为,学科建设在高等教育中占有十分重要的地位,学科建设要取得成绩必须明确学科定位,突出学科特色,加强以学科带头人和学术骨干为主体的学科队伍建设,增强团队意识,大力开展科学研究工作。与此同时,要以硕士、博士点为学科建设的平台,发挥人文社会科学研究基地的独特作用,加强图书情报资料和实验室建设。     

工厂供电课程教学方法探讨

工厂供电课程存在着教学任务肾、课时少的现象,按传统的讲授法进行教学,会出现教不好、学不透的两难境地。为避免此类现象的发生,提出了引导法、角色转换法、对比论证法、现代教育法等多种教学方法。经过教学实践证明,这些方法能有效地提高学生的学习效率,促进学生综合能力的提高。     

关于当前学术腐败现象的描述性研究

近年来 ,大学校园在取得了一大批健康学术科研成果的同时 ,相伴而来的学术腐败现象也呈现出不断蔓延之势。浮躁、剽窃、假冒和交易之风严重影响了学术的圣洁和声誉 ,特别是一些本不该发生的非正当科学行为 ,引起了国内外震惊。文章认为产生这一现象的根本原因是利益本位、“成本”低廉、道德失律和机制或缺 ,文章探索性地提出了遏制这一现象的对策思路。