凉山彝区幼儿园本土课程资源的开发与利用研究 ——以凉山彝区“一村一幼”辅导员的玩教具制作为例

针对凉山彝区幼儿园本土课程资源的开发与利用,重点阐述了玩教具制作的重要意义及五大领域玩教具制作的主要原 则、方法与途径,目的在于充分调动辅导员的主观能动性,利用本土资源及安全无害的废旧材料制作出适合本地幼儿的玩教 具,满足彝区幼儿园玩教具缺乏的需要,从而提升其教育教学质量,助力彝区脱贫奔康。     

生态文明视域下农村生活垃圾的防治——基于四川省巴中市平昌县的调研数据

基于对四川省平昌县农村生活垃圾污染现状的调研,分析农村生活垃圾对自然环境、农产品质量、居民身体健康的影响。调研结果显示,当前农村生活垃圾污染防治存在的问题主要是：农村居民环境保护意识差、农村环境保护法律法规制度不健全、环境执法监管部门监督缺失、农村环境卫生基础设施建设严重滞后等。为了有效防治农村生活垃圾污染,推进农村生态文明体系建设,需要充分发挥制度优势加强生态文明理念宣传教育,促使农村居民养成绿色消费的生活习惯,完善农村环境保护法律法规体系,发挥村委会对农村环境保护的监督作用,加快农村环境保护基础设施建设,大力发展生态农业经济等。     

农村生活垃圾分类长效机制建设的社会基础

农村生活垃圾分类长效机制建设是农村人居环境整治的重要组成部分。当前生活垃圾分类越来越成为全国各地农村尝试开展与实施的环境治理工程,但如何建立生活垃圾分类长效机制一直困扰着地方环境管理者。通过对浙北码头村的案例分析,总结该村在长期实践中的生活垃圾分类长效机制建设经验以及不同主体参与垃圾分类的行动策略,并深入挖掘长效机制建设背后的社会结构、社会关系、地方文化等社会基础。最后,基于理论分析与实地调查的互动联系,提出内生于村庄社会的制度规范、有效的组织动员结构、可适用的治理技术手段是当前农村生活垃圾分类长效机制建设的社会基础,以此来反映符合农村社会特点、多元主体共同参与的环境治理长效机制建设的理论内涵与实践路径。     

Local mobilisations and the formation of environmental networks in a democratizing Tunisia

ABSTRACT

This study examines the environmental protests that occurred in Tunisia after the 2011 uprisings. It analyses the factors underpinning the rise of the environmental networks during the period of transition (2011–2014). It details the mobilising strategies that were crucial for the networks’ growth or survival during this period of institutional instability. The study shows how networks leaders were able to bring together social and political actors from different backgrounds and ideological orientations. It is argued that the ability of networks to develop new distinctive collective identities was crucial for network sustainability. Those networks and actors who did not develop new clearly defined environmental identities and continued to rely importantly on pre-existing (authoritarian) structures and practices were more negatively impacted by ideological cleavages and political calculations. Empirically, the contribution builds on interviews and observations, as well as documents collected from Tunisian municipalities between 2013 and 2015. Conceptually, the research proposes a bottom-up perspective that highlights the interplay between micro- and macro-dynamics and strategies during a political transition. The analysis details the actors’ capacity to build alliances via interpersonal relations at the micro level, and their strategies to engage with institutional actors and processes.     

‘It's kind of saving them a job isn't it?’ The consumption work of household recycling

Consumers play an integral role in societal divisions of labour. Rather than simply consume, they frequently perform labour. Incorporating consumers into the division of labour poses a challenge to this foundational and enduring concept, given its traditional focus on the technical division of tasks/skills within a labour process. Yet, insofar as completion of a circuit of production, distribution, exchange and consumption is predicated on consumers undertaking work in order to/after they consume, analysis of the division of labour would be incomplete without their inclusion. This paper uses the case of household recycling to demonstrate the importance of ‘consumption work’ for the organization of the waste management industry in England. By sorting their waste, consumers initiate a new economic process, providing feedstock (such as metals, plastics and paper) which in turn creates jobs/profits within the recycling, processing and manufacturing industries. Consumers also reconfigure public and private sector responsibilities when they sort their recyclable materials from general household waste, revealing the interdependency of consumption work with labour conducted under different socio‐economic relations and across differing socio‐economic domains. This paper makes the case for a renewed conception of division of labour to account for transformations and interconnections between work of different forms within contemporary society.     

论英国公众共用物进入法律制度及启示

公众共用物起源于古罗马法,其在英美法系国家之英国得到专门化规定。英国公众共用物法律不仅对其共用物进行明确定义,并构建公众共用物进入制度,从法律层面明确公众进入共用物的权利。这种公众进入权不仅是一种法律权利,更是一种习惯权利,是公众共同使用的权利。英国公众共用物进入法律制度启发我国公众共用物法治构建应突破传统私法的规制,在构建使用制度时应符合我国现实需求与法律文化的内涵与价值取向,有效缓解公众共用物悲剧的发生,保障公众的使用权利。     

城市废弃物资源化共生网络脆弱性影响机制——基于SCP与CAS融合的分析视角

在内外因素的交互干扰下,城市废弃物资源化共生网络表现得格外脆弱,探寻其脆弱性的理论内涵、影响因素及其作用机制是开展脆弱性治理的前提。借鉴复杂系统脆弱性理论,从能力和绩效两个角度解析其理论内涵,指出系统脆弱性在能力上可以用敏感性、适应性和恢复力予以刻画,在绩效上表现为增值性不强、共享性不足和生态性不佳。通过梳理国内外研究文献,从共生单元、网络结构、共生机制、网络氛围和环境不确定性5个维度提炼出脆弱性影响因素;以网络动态能力为结合点,将SCP（Structure Conduct Performance）和CAS（Complexity Adaptive System）两种理论有机融合,构建一个以共生单元素质、网络结构特征、共生机制属性、政策有效性为外因变量,以网络动态能力为中介变量,以网络脆弱性为结果变量,以网络氛围和环境不确定性为调节变量的理论框架。未来可利用大样本调查方法对该理论框架进行实证检验,探讨城市废弃物资源化共生网络脆弱性的形成机理。     

Reliability Analysis for Hazardous Waste Treatment Processes

The reliability of a treatment process is addressed in terms of achieving a regulatory effluent concentration standard and the design safety factors associated with the treatment process. This methodology was then applied to two aqueous hazardous waste treatment processes: packed tower aeration and activated sludge (aerobic) biological treatment. The designs achieving 95 percent reliability were compared with those designs based on conventional practice to determine their patterns of conservatism. Scoping-level treatment costs were also related to reliability levels for these treatment processes. The results indicate that the reliability levels for the physical/chemical treatment process (packed tower aeration) based on the deterministic safety factors range from 80 percent to over 99 percent, whereas those for the biological treatment process range from near 0 percent to over 99 percent, depending on the compound evaluated. Increases in reliability per unit increase in treatment costs are most pronounced at lower reliability levels (less than about 80 percent) than at the higher reliability levels (greater than 90 percent, indicating a point of diminishing returns. Additional research focused on process parameters that presently contain large uncertainties may reduce those uncertainties, with attending increases in the reliability levels of the treatment processes.     

绘画创作中的理性思考--试论构图之辨证

从感性创作中所蕴含的理性思维的角度,对中国传统绘画、尤其是山水画的创作过程中表现出来的中国传统艺术中所特有创作方式和审美特征予以详尽的论述.这里所论述的内涵,并不仅仅是理论上的,也是作者几十年来艺术创作的总结.     

试论循环经济发展中的现代物流管理

物流是循环经济系统中的重要内容,循环经济的发展离不开对物流的管理。在循环经济中导入现代物流管理,提高废弃物流通的效率,加快资源循环利用,是发展循环经济的有力举措。文章在深入分析我国循环经济物流的现状和存在的问题的基础上,提出了在发展循环经济中导入现代物流管理的建议。