阿多诺的自然美论

阿多诺在《美学理论》中批判了忽视自然美的观点,他认为自然美从美学中消失的根本原因是因为人的自由和尊严概念占据统治地位的结果.正是对主体性的反思促使阿多诺重新思考自然美,他对自然美的提倡同时是对主体性的一种批判.阿多诺对自然美概念的重新思考在今天仍具有现实意义.     

事实与价值二分法的崩溃——从法哲学视角

事实与价值二分法在法律思想史上的表现即是分析实证法学对自然法学的批判否定。分析实证法学的贡献在于廓清了规范、事实、价值三大论域,使法律从与道德的混同中分离,有利于法学的发展和法律的改革。但是,无论是凯尔森为代表的纯粹法理论还是以布莱克为代表的纯粹法社会学都无法回避对法律的价值评判。在社会科学研究中,描述与评价时常是缠结在一起的。新分析法学代表哈特的"最低限度自然法内容",尤其是麦考密克、魏因贝格尔的制度法学已经表明了事实与价值二分法在法学研究中的崩溃。笔者采取了从抽象上升到思维的具体研究方法,从法哲学视角阐释了事实与价值二分法在理论上的局限。     

浅析牟宗三哲学中道体、性体与心体的逻辑构架

道体、性体和心体是牟宗三道德本体论构建的核心概念,是牟宗三构建＂道德形上学＂的理论支点。道体是形而上的根据,是牟宗三道德本体论的逻辑前提,性体是从道体养成心体的必要环节,是不同主体成德的内在根据,心体是具体化的性体,是在社会实践中培养起来的道德之心,是人性的具体体现。因此,只有从道体、心体与性体之间的内在逻辑关系出发,才能从先验的层面上理解牟宗三的＂道德形上学＂成为可能。     

我国灾后废墟管理的进程、问题与趋势初探

废墟管理和垃圾废物处理,是灾后恢复重建以及环境保护工作的难点和重要内容。近年来,我国自然灾害频繁,废墟量不断增多,废墟垃圾若不综合利用、处理,不仅影响灾后恢复重建,而且还会加重生态灾难。而我国在废墟管理方面还相对落后,在废墟处理、管理等环节存在突出问题和技术难题。借鉴日本废墟管理有益经验,废墟管理呈现向专业化、市场化、智能化和法制化方向发展的趋势。     

The Risk Perception Paradox—Implications for Governance and Communication of Natural Hazards

This article reviews the main insights from selected literature on risk perception, particularly in connection with natural hazards. It includes numerous case studies on perception and social behavior dealing with floods, droughts, earthquakes, volcano eruptions, wild fires, and landslides. The review reveals that personal experience of a natural hazard and trust—or lack of trust—in authorities and experts have the most substantial impact on risk perception. Cultural and individual factors such as media coverage, age, gender, education, income, social status, and others do not play such an important role but act as mediators or amplifiers of the main causal connections between experience, trust, perception, and preparedness to take protective actions. When analyzing the factors of experience and trust on risk perception and on the likeliness of individuals to take preparedness action, the review found that a risk perception paradox exists in that it is assumed that high risk perception will lead to personal preparedness and, in the next step, to risk mitigation behavior. However, this is not necessarily true. In fact, the opposite can occur if individuals with high risk perception still choose not to personally prepare themselves in the face of a natural hazard. Therefore, based on the results of the review, this article offers three explanations suggesting why this paradox might occur. These findings have implications for future risk governance and communication as well as for the willingness of individuals to invest in risk preparedness or risk mitigation actions.     

Sanyog: A Speech Enabled Communication System for the Speech Impaired and People with Multiple Disorders

SUMMARY

The paper presents a multilingual communication tool that has been designed for helping in the communication needs of people with severe speech and multiple disorders. The system accepts icons, selected through special access switches, as input and can form natural language sentences, which can be spoken out using in-built text-to-speech synthesizer. The system has been deployed and is being field tested at the schools for the children with cerebral palsy in India.     

苏轼“平淡自然”论及其艺术审美理想

20世纪以来，关于苏轼平淡自然艺术理论研究的文章数量众多，但基本是围绕着苏轼晚年趋于平淡自然风格的追求与他大量的“和陶诗”来谈的。实际上苏轼的“平淡自然”艺术思想有着独特而丰富的内涵，这里从时代风尚、艺术创作、人格境界、情感守护以及人生艺术化等几个方面论述苏轼的“平淡自然”的艺术思想。     

自然数幂方和的一个巧妙猜想

文章将利用已知的几种特殊的自然数的幂方和,研究其算法特征,进而给出并证明了自然数幂方和的一个巧妙猜想,希望这一猜想能给自然数的幂方求和寻求更简单的方法提供一些新思路.     

Economics of Disaster Risk,Social Vulnerability,and Mental Health Resilience

We investigate the relationship between exposure to Hurricanes Katrina and/or Rita and mental health resilience by vulnerability status, with particular focus on the mental health outcomes of single mothers versus the general public. We advance a measurable notion of mental health resilience to disaster events. We also calculate the economic costs of poor mental health days added by natural disaster exposure. Negative binomial analyses show that hurricane exposure increases the expected count of poor mental health days for all persons by 18.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.44–31.14%), and by 71.88% (95% CI, 39.48–211.82%) for single females with children. Monthly time‐series show that single mothers have lower event resilience, experiencing higher added mental stress. Results also show that the count of poor mental health days is sensitive to hurricane intensity, increasing by a factor of 1.06 (95% CI, 1.02–1.10) for every billion (U.S.$) dollars of damage added for all exposed persons, and by a factor of 1.08 (95% CI, 1.03–1.14) for single mothers. We estimate that single mothers, as a group, suffered over $130 million in productivity loss from added postdisaster stress and disability. Results illustrate the measurability of mental health resilience as a two‐dimensional concept of resistance capacity and recovery time. Overall, we show that natural disasters regressively tax disadvantaged population strata.     

“生产的自然条件”与生产力发展的二重性——析马克思主义生产力理论之生态文明视角

马克思的生产力理论具有双重视角。唯物史观所谓的"生产力标准",是立足于工业文明的视角,在不考虑"生产的自然条件"前提下而得出的价值观;因此,它尽管赋有"决定历史发展的终极动力"地位,毕竟只能在普遍性的意义上存在。而在对现实的生产力发展模式的研究中,马克思立足于后工业文明的生态文明视角,创立了"生产的自然条件"范畴,并据此界定了生产力发展的现实意义:生产力能否实现与"生产的自然条件"之良性结合。这就为人类从工业文明的生产方式转型为生态文明的生产方式指明了路向。