Identifying Dispersion Effects in Robust Design Experiments—Issues and Improvements

The two experimental methods most commonly used for reducing the effect of noise factors on a response of interest Y aim either to estimate a model of the variability (V(Y), or an associated function), that is transmitted by the noise factors, or to estimate a model of the ratio between the response (Y) and all the control and noise factors involved therein. Both methods aim to determine which control factor conditions minimise the noise factors' effect on the response of interest, and a series of analytical guidelines are established to reach this end. Product array designs allow robustness problems to be solved in both ways, but require a large number of experiments. Thus, practitioners tend to choose more economical designs that only allow them to model the surface response for Y. The general assumption is that both methods would lead to similar conclusions. In this article we present a case that utilises a design based on a product design and for which the conclusions yielded by the two analytical methods are quite different. This example casts doubt on the guidelines that experimental practice follows when using either of the two methods. Based on this example, we show the causes behind these discrepancies and we propose a number of guidelines to help researchers in the design and interpretation of robustness problems when using either of the two methods.     

“达玛灭佛”与“会昌法难”比较研究

本文通过对汉传佛教史上“会昌法难”和藏传佛教史上“达玛灭佛”两次灭佛事件的比较分析,透视佛教在汉地和藏区两种不同的文化背景和经济基础条件下所经历的相同过程和所导致的不同结果,试图从中总结出外来异质文化和本土固有文化之间对立统一的内在联系和本质规律。     

用“嵌入-跳出法”控制高维耦合保守系统的混沌运动

推广了“嵌入-跳出法”对保守系统的混沌控制,将其应用到高维耦合保守系统——耦合标准映象中。数值模拟显示,该方法对于高维哈密顿系统的混沌行为控制非常有效。它能把系统的混沌轨道定位于KAM环面,并且具有一定的抗噪声能力。     

从压制型刑法到自治型刑法——兼论我国刑罚制度的完善及合理适用

与政治上专制相对应,人类社会早期的刑法,其干预广泛,裁判者自由裁量权大,法律道德主义盛行,刑法呈现压制型特征;近代以降,自治型刑法逐渐成为主导性的刑法模式,在观念、功能、原则、规则、司法运作等方面呈现出不同于压制型刑法的特点.我国当下刑法正艰难地从压制型刑法走出,其艰难表现为观念层面的压制型,原则、规则层面自治型的不彻底性.于是,在以法治国背景下,建构自治型刑法当是我们的选择.     

Consistent deconvolution in density estimation

Suppose we have n observations from X = Y + Z, where Z is a noise component with known distribution, and Y has an unknown density f. When the characteristic function of Z is nonzero almost everywhere, we show that it is possible to construct a density estimate f_n such that for all f, Iim_n| |=0.     

论机场噪音损害赔偿的责任主体

我国机场噪音损害赔偿立法对责任主体制度的建构存在严重缺漏,法规体系多重“防治”而疏忽“补偿”。机场噪音损害责任主体是机场噪音损害赔偿制度体系建构的核心问题。从机场噪音产生的原因上探讨相关主体的赔偿责任是较为现实可行之道。航空公司应依据“无过错责任原则”承担赔偿责任,责任承担方式可通过其向机场缴纳的起降费中增加噪音防治费予以落实。机场应基于“过错推定原则”承担噪音损害赔偿责任,但因目前机场权属与管理的多样复杂性,具体的责任承担可具体分析。作为机场和周边建筑的规划方、建设方、环评方和审批方等相关部门单位,应依据“过错推定原则”对机场噪音损害承担连带赔偿责任。     

A New Class of Second Order Self-Similar Processes

Abstract

Self-similarity in discrete second-order stationary processes is defined as a fixed point of a renormalisation operator consisting of aggregation normalised by the variance, rather than by the traditional power-law factor. This broader definition reveals a new class of self-similar processes.     

Resonant Texts: Sounds of the American Public Library

ABSTRACT

Public libraries have long been associated with silence and order. Historians have argued that the architecture of library buildings has served in disciplining patrons into silent reading subjects. I argue that, in light of evolving, subjective definitions of and responses to noise, changing philosophies of librarianship and library design and the proliferation of media formats and the sounds they emit, we need to consider new ways of thinking about sound in the library, not as something to be eliminated or controlled, but as something to be orchestrated, and even designed for. In order to do so, I propose that we consider first what sounds people, buildings and media make, and then use architectural design to promote their cooperative interaction.     

技术抑制的法律规制——以汽车工业为主要视域

单边技术抑制主要表现为拒绝许可专利、不使用专利,在汽车及其他技术领域都会遇到,对其可以考虑适用强制许可,但对其追究反垄断法责任则存在较多争议。联合技术抑制主要指两家以上企业以协议或其他方式联合限制新技术的研发和应用,在美国汽车业发展史上,该问题曾经比较突出,为此,美国司法部进行了锲而不舍的反托拉斯指控。从我国目前汽车工业领域技术进展、专利布局情况看,未雨绸缪、提前研究技术抑制与反抑制相关问题以及制定知识产权反垄断法规是有必要的。     

Estimation of signal to noise ratio using mahalanobis distance

In this paper, we propose some alternative estimatiors to that given by C. G. Khatri and C. R. Rao (1985), for estimating Signal to Noise ratio. Using Pitman Nearness, Condition for prefering one estimator over the other is estabilished. It is shown numerically that estimators corresponding to Entropy loss function are better more oftern than those corresponding to Squared Error loss.