一类四维Lagrangian函数

通过虚单位的引入,由四维时空间隔不变量,导出四维的Lagrangian方程。     

On the equality of usual and amemiya's partially generalized least squares estimator

Equivalent conditions are derived for the equality of GLSE (generalized least squares estimator) and partially GLSE (PGLSE), the latter introduced by Amemiya (1983). By adopting a more general approach the ordinary least squares estimator (OLSE) can shown to be a special PGLSE. Furthcrmore, linearly restricted estimators proposed by Balestra (1983) are investigated in this context. To facilitate the comparison of estimators extensive use of oblique and orthogonal projectors is made.     

上海市外籍人口空间分布历史变迁研究

上海是一座典型的移民城市,其独特的经济文化吸引了大量的外籍人口来此居住生活。在上海城市发展进程中,外籍人口数量呈现波动性增长,空间分布范围也逐步扩大,外籍人口分布重心由上海老县城移向北面的虹口区,然后由虹口区向西南的徐汇区转移。上海市外籍人口空间分布特征一方面受交通运输方式改变的影响,另一方面受上海市产业布局的变动和国家政策导向的影响。基于上海市第六次人口普查数据,通过对外籍人口空间分析可知,外籍人口在上海市形成了以地铁二号线为轴心的条带状分布形态,人口分布为典型的空间集聚模式,在闵行区的虹口镇和浦东区的花木镇形成了两个热点分布区域,并且不同国家的外籍人口具有不同的空间集聚形态。     

环形电流的磁场分布

运用磁场的叠加原理和第一、二类完全椭圆积分,给出了环形电流磁场空间分布的解析表达式。     

The Confidence Ellipses in Decomposition Multiple Non Symmetric Correspondence Analysis

Non Symmetric Correspondence Analysis (NSCA) (D'Ambra and Lauro, 1989 D'Ambra , L. , Lauro , N. ( 1989 ). Non symmetrical analysis of three way contingency tables . In: Multiway Data Analysis , Coppi , R. , Bolasco , S. , Eds., North Holland , Amsterdam : pp. 301 – 315 . [Google Scholar]) is a useful technique for analyzing a two-way contingency table.

The key difference between the symmetrical and non symmetrical versions of correspondence analysis rests on the measure of the association used to quantify the relationship between the variables. For a two-way, or multi-way, contingency table, the Pearson chi-squared statistic is commonly used when it can be assumed that the categorical variables are symmetrically related. However, for a two-way table, it may be that one variable can be treated as a predictor variable and the second variable can be considered as a response variable.

Yet, for such a variable structure, the Pearson chi-squared statistic is not an appropriate measure of the association. Instead, one may consider the Goodman-Kruskal tau index. In the case that there are more than two cross-classified variables, multivariate versions of the Goodman-Kruskal tau index can be considered. These include Marcotorchino's index (Marcotorchino, 1985) and Gray-Williams’ index (Gray and Williams, 1975 Gray , L. N. , Williams , J. S. ( 1975 ). Goodman and Kruskals Tau B: Multiple and partial analogy. Amer. Statist. Assoc. Proc. Soc. Statist. Sec. pp. 444 – 448 . [Google Scholar]).

In this article, the Multiple non Symmetric Correspondence Analysis (MNSCA), along with the decomposition of the TAU by Gray-Williams in main effects and interaction (D'Ambra et al., 2011 D'Ambra , L. , D'Ambra , A. , Sarnacchiaro , P. ( 2011 ). Visualising main effects and interaction term in multiple non symmetric correspondence analysis. Submitted.  [Google Scholar]), is used for the evaluation of the innovative performance of the manufacturing enterprises in Campania.

Finally, to identify a category which is statistically significant, the confidence ellipses have been proposed for the Multiple Non Symmetric Correspondence Analysis starting from the ellipses suggested by Beh (2010 Beh , E. J. ( 2010 ). Elliptical confidence regions for simple correspondence analysis . J. Statisti. Plann. Infer. [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) for the symmetrical analysis.     

BETWEEN OLSE AND BLUE

Several estimators of X β under the general Gauss–Markov model are considered. Particular attention is paid to those estimators whose efficiency lies between that of the ordinary least squares estimator and that of the best linear unbiased estimator.     

论2014世界杯赛事解说词的语音修辞美

语音修辞就是利用语音的各要素之间的配合、协调达成音韵和谐、节奏鲜明的语言乐音美。通过分析2014年巴西世界杯部分比赛现场直播解说词的语音材料,语音修辞美在世界杯赛事解说词中主要体现在三个方面：语调和谐美、语速快之节奏美、音节整齐匀称与声调平仄相间之韵律美。同时对语音修辞美的效果进行探讨,从而引起人们关注语言交际中的语音修辞。     

COMBINING INFORMATION FROM LINEAR MODELS ON POSSIBLY DIFFERENT SCALES

This paper examines the joint statistical analysis of M independent data sets, the jth of which satisfies the model λ_j Y_j=X_jB +ε_j, where the λ_j are unknown and the ε_i are normally distributed with a known correlation structure. The maximum likelihood equations, their asymptotic covariance matrix, and the likelihood ratio test of the hypothesis that the λ_js are all equal are derived. These results are applied to two examples.     

基于主成分分析的国有商业银行竞争力评价研究

在现有商业银行竞争力评价指标的基础上,建立了一套完善的可量化的商业银行竞争力评价指标体系库.运用主成分分析法对该指标体系库的指标进行筛选,得到了信息反映程度高且不受指标间相关性影响的商业银行竞争力评价指标体系.该体系的特色与创新表现在:从现实竞争力和潜在竞争力两方面综合地考察国有商业银行的竞争力;通过主成分分析筛选得到包含较少指标的指标体系,能够反映全部原始数据的信息;降低了信息丢失程度,避免了指标间相关性对后期评价的影响;利用OBLIMIN斜交旋转法得到显著影响综合竞争力的若干因素,有利于国有商业银行更有针对性地提高自身竞争力.从实证的角度,运用斜交旋转法,找出影响国有商业银行竞争力的银行的盈利能力、发展能力、创新成果等主要因素,为国有商业银行的发展提供了具有实践意义的参考.     

Total least squares solution for compositional data using linear models

The restrictive properties of compositional data, that is multivariate data with positive parts that carry only relative information in their components, call for special care to be taken while performing standard statistical methods, for example, regression analysis. Among the special methods suitable for handling this problem is the total least squares procedure (TLS, orthogonal regression, regression with errors in variables, calibration problem), performed after an appropriate log-ratio transformation. The difficulty or even impossibility of deeper statistical analysis (confidence regions, hypotheses testing) using the standard TLS techniques can be overcome by calibration solution based on linear regression. This approach can be combined with standard statistical inference, for example, confidence and prediction regions and bounds, hypotheses testing, etc., suitable for interpretation of results. Here, we deal with the simplest TLS problem where we assume a linear relationship between two errorless measurements of the same object (substance, quantity). We propose an iterative algorithm for estimating the calibration line and also give confidence ellipses for the location of unknown errorless results of measurement. Moreover, illustrative examples from the fields of geology, geochemistry and medicine are included. It is shown that the iterative algorithm converges to the same values as those obtained using the standard TLS techniques. Fitted lines and confidence regions are presented for both original and transformed compositional data. The paper contains basic principles of linear models and addresses many related problems.