产品设计的行为导向模式研究

长久以来,用器物文化规范社会秩序,引导人们行为都是社会发展的主题。但随着工业化大生产和以追求销售为目的的商业设计的出现,产品设计的行为导向问题受到了忽略。该文从研究日常行为,引导积极的行为,克服不良行为,创造新行为,形成设计文化,实现行为导向功能的可持续发展等方面对生活中常见的一些产品设计进行了实例分析。以探究如何设计产品来引导积极的行为、情感效应和避免消极的负面行为的发生。     

拟正则图的最大边边连通度(英文)

定义了图的边边连通度,设计了一类具有最大边边连通度的拟正则图。     

The ecosystem blueprint: How firms shape the design of an ecosystem according to the surrounding conditions

Ecosystems are formed by organisations that jointly create a value proposition that a single firm could not create in isolation. To deliver this value proposition, the partners need a focal firm, the orchestrator, to be align them towards the joint value proposition. Thus, how orchestrators design the alignment structure of an ecosystem is at the very heart of the ecosystem concept – yet it has not been sufficiently addressed by extant research. This is all the more true for the question of how the design of an ecosystem is shaped depending on surrounding conditions. This paper applies a qualitative study with ten cases and, based on the attention-based view of the firm, contributes to research on ecosystems in several ways. First, it explains which ecosystem designs are beneficial under which conditions. Second, it elucidates the structure and activities within ecosystems and shows that start-ups can be just as good ecosystem orchestrators as incumbents. Third, it explains the circumstances under which single vs. multi orchestrator ecosystems occur. Fourth, it presents the conditions when incumbents or start-ups make better orchestrators. Finally, it is among the first studies to apply the attention-based view to business ecosystems, and shows that doing so yields intriguing insights into this emerging field of research.     

基于二阶段随机规划的城市医疗废弃物回收网络设计

城市医疗废弃物日益增加,且回收需求量受诸多因素的影响,难以准确预测,假定回收需求为确定值的医疗废弃物网络优化设计不能与实际需求相匹配。本文考虑了离散随机参数环境下,医疗回收网络设计中选址规划、分配计划及运输规划的协同优化问题,建立了以选址成本、运输成本最小为目标,设施与车辆能力限制为约束的二阶段随机规划模型。根据模型特点,设计了基于Benders decomposition的求解算法,同时,设计了一系列加速技术用于提高算法的求解效率。最后,以国内某城市医疗回收网络为背景设计算例,检验本文模型和求解策略的可行性和有效性。结果表明：相比确定性规划,随机规划的解能够节约总成本,结合一系列加速技术的Benders decomposition方法比CPLEX与纯的Benders decomposition更有优势。     

按“知”分配何以可能？

我国高校教师薪酬在计划经济时期以平均分配为价值取向,在市场经济时期以效率为价值取向。在中国特色社会主义新时代和知识经济时期,鼓励知识创新和兑现知识价值成为新的取向。我国高校现行岗位绩效工资制度虽然将教师的实际贡献与薪酬分配联系了起来,但也存在薪酬结构缺陷、薪酬测量失真、薪酬激励偏移和薪酬调整滞后等问题。与岗位绩效工资相比,按“知”分配的3P-M薪酬模型改进了人力资本薪酬（P₁）,以补偿教师人力资本的前期投入、当期追加和后期增值;调整了岗位薪酬（P₂）,通过强化保障性薪酬以轧平薪酬曲线斜率;优化了绩效薪酬（P₃）,以解决教师多任务“委托—代理”的契约设计问题;新增了市场薪酬（M）,以补偿因内部薪酬总量不足给教师带来的潜在损失。其中,3P重在盘活存量,M重在扩充增量,两者共同构成了3+X薪酬体系。     

Approximation of density functions by orthogonal series with grouped data

Summary Letg(x) andf(x) be continuous density function on (a, b) and let {ϕ_j} be a complete orthonormal sequence of functions onL ₂(g), which is the set of squared integrable functions weighted byg on (a, b). Suppose that over (a, b). Given a grouped sample of sizen fromf(x), the paper investigates the asymptotic properties of the restricted maximum likelihood estimator of density, obtained by setting all but the firstm of the ϑ_j’s equal to0. Practical suggestions are given for performing estimation via the use of Fourier and Legendre polynomial series. Research partially supported by: CNR grant, n. 93. 00837. CT10.     

Implementing partial least squares

Partial least squares (PLS) regression has been proposed as an alternative regression technique to more traditional approaches such as principal components regression and ridge regression. A number of algorithms have appeared in the literature which have been shown to be equivalent. Someone wishing to implement PLS regression in a programming language or within a statistical package must choose which algorithm to use. We investigate the implementation of univariate PLS algorithms within FORTRAN and the Matlab (1993) and Splus (1992) environments, comparing theoretical measures of execution speed based on flop counts with their observed execution times. We also comment on the ease with which the algorithms may be implemented in the different environments. Finally, we investigate the merits of using the orthogonal invariance of PLS regression to improve the algorithms.     

城市交通系统景观生态设计初探

分析了城市景观的主要特征和城市(城镇)交通景观的结构和功能。强调了城市景观的保护和规划管理。初步分析了城市交通廊道系统的景观生态功能。探讨了城市交通景观生态的设计原则。以江南水乡为例,分析讨论了几种城市交通景观生态设计模式。     

Circuit optimization via sequential computer experiments: design of an output buffer

In electrical engineering, circuit designs are now often optimized via circuit simulation computer models. Typically, many response variables characterize the circuit's performance. Each response is a function of many input variables, including factors that can be set in the engineering design and noise factors representing manufacturing conditions. We describe a modelling approach which is appropriate for the simulator's deterministic input–output relationships. Non-linearities and interactions are identified without explicit assumptions about the functional form. These models lead to predictors to guide the reduction of the ranges of the designable factors in a sequence of experiments. Ultimately, the predictors are used to optimize the engineering design. We also show how a visualization of the fitted relationships facilitates an understanding of the engineering trade-offs between responses. The example used to demonstrate these methods, the design of a buffer circuit, has multiple targets for the responses, representing different trade-offs between the key performance measures.     

多载波CDMA在Rician衰落信道的性能研究

在一种同步ＯＦＤＭＣＤＭＡ的系统模型基础上,对频率非选择性Ｒｉｃｉａｎ衰落信道的误码率性能进行了研究,分析和数值结果说明由于多径的存在系统误码率性能迅速下降,而且当直射成分很小时,信道为Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ信道,系统性能变为最差。