To Leave an Area After Disaster: How Evacuees from the WTC Buildings Left the WTC Area Following the Attacks

How people leave a devastated area after a disaster is critical to understanding their ability to cope with risks they face while evacuating. Knowledge of their needs for communications about these risks is particularly crucial in planning for emergency responses. A convenience sample of 1,444 persons who survived the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks on September 11, 2001 were surveyed to ascertain their initial and ultimate destinations once they had left the buildings, how they arrived there, the role of types of obstacles they encountered, and the need for information and the seeking of other people as potential factors in influencing the process of leaving immediately. This survey was part of a larger, original survey. Results showed differences in how people traveled by mode to initial and ultimate destinations, how immediately they left the area, and factors associated with when they left. How they traveled and when they left were associated with where people lived, their tendency in times of stress to seek out other people including who they knew in the immediate area (e.g., co‐workers or friends), the physical conditions surrounding them, and the importance to some of waiting for more information. Many people indicated they did not leave immediately because they had no information about where to go or what services would be available to them. Perceptions and communications about risks they were facing were reflected in the choices they considered in how and when to leave the area. These findings have numerous ramifications for understanding and guiding personal behavior in catastrophic situations.     

人本思想与当代外语教学发展

随着外语教学研究进入"后方法论思考"阶段和教育价值取向的理性回归,人们逐渐把外语教学的关注点投向学习者本身,人本主义思想开始在外语教学中流行。通过对人本主义思想内涵的介绍,从素质教育和情感教育等角度分析了它对我国外语教学的影响,同时指出了当代外语教学的发展趋向。     

喀麦隆汉法语音对比在对外汉语教学中的应用

本文通过笔者在喀麦隆汉语教学中体验较深的教学实例，主要从语音教学方面对汉语和法语进行了对比分析，提出了相应的语音教学策略，并从教师素质及教学方法方面对对外汉语教学工作提出了两条建议。     

国有企业青年知识型人才成才障碍研究

通过对国有企业青年知识型人才成才状况的调查研究，分析阻碍这一群体成才的六种矛盾与冲突，并分别从青年个体、高校、企业三个角度提出了相应的解决办法。     

外商直接投资与我国环境安全研究综述

笔者回顾了近年来关于外商直接投资与我国生态环境关系的研究,采用贸易环境效应分析基本框架,将外商直接投资对环境的影响分解为规模效应、结构效应、技术效应和政策效应四个方面,而不是采用“污染避难所”和“污染光环”等单因素分析方法,从而更加全面地探讨了两者之间的复杂关系。最后指出,如何协调统一外商直接投资与东道国生态环境发展目标已成为未来该领域的主要研究方向。     

优化进出口商品结构转变外贸增长方式

近时期我国外贸工作的重点是,加快转变外贸增长方式,优化进出口商品结构,鼓励高新技术产品和机电产品出口,继续限制资源性、高耗能、高污染产品出口,提高利用外资质量,促进国内产业升级.我国贸易增长方式的转变关键在于国内产业结构的转变,而产业结构的转变是一个比较长期的过程.要优化进出口商品结构,着力提高对外贸易的质量和效益.     

中国农业在加入WTO后面临的主要问题及对策

中国加入WTO后 ,农业将是受到冲击最大的行业之一。中国农业的发展条件、生产力水平与主要发达国家和一部分发展中国家还有一定的差距。因此 ,针对中国农业的现状 ,分析加入WTO后面临的主要问题 ,并提出中国农业发展的基本对策 ,很有必要     

新形势下增强国有企业竞争力的理性思考

经济全球化对于国有企业改革与发展，是冲击、也是挑战，如何增强国有企业竞争力，促进国有企业改革与发展，是一项长期的艰巨任务，既需要宏观经济环境的支持，需要治理企业外部竞争条件，也必须深化企业内部改革。     

关于水价成本公开的思考

解读企业实施水价成本公开的理论政策依据,剖析水价成本公开工作的现实意义和成本公开中需关注的问题,针对供水企业在开展成本公开工作中面临的任务和应采取的举措,提出相应的对策思路。     

入世:我国国有商业银行面临的挑战及对策

入世对我国国有商业银行来说是机遇与挑战并存.国有商业银行资产质量差、效率低下、国际竞争经验不足等现状,使其入世后必将在银行业务、人才竞争、优质客户、风险规避等方面面临巨大的冲击.同时,入世也将为其提供加快发展和参与国际竞争的良好机遇.所以,我国国有商业银行应该适时进行产权制度改革,以市场和客户为导向进行业务战略的调整,改革和完善人事管理及分配体制,全面提高自身的风险管理能力.