基于非线性偏最小二乘的操作臂逆解算法

操作臂逆运动学问题是机器人控制中的一项重要内容。目前使用较多的神经网络法大多为多输入多输出或者 多输入单输出方式,需要大量运算。非线性偏最小二乘法( NLPLS)建立的模型分为内部和外部模型,样本数据经外部模 型处理后才用于训练若干个单输入单输出的神经网络。对PUMA560操作臂的仿真试验表明,在相同隐层神经元数的情 况下,该算法比普通神经网络法具有更好的预测精度。这也表明,NLPLS只需较少的隐层神经元数就可以达到普通方法 的精度,从而减少运算量。     

教育中的公平问题：以借读费为例的道德分析

文章试图从实践伦理学的角度切入分析义务教育中的"借读费"问题.在界定借读费的基础上,检讨借读费存在的理由.受教育权,因为公共物品拥挤,市场的介入,而遭到了损害.这种损害得以辩护的伦理理由是,地方性的道德压倒了普遍性的公民资格及其相应的权利.驳斥地方性,甚至说,具有模糊边界的共同体道德是本文的主要论域.     

惯用语与对外汉语教学

惯用语在我们日常交际中常常用到,汉语水平考试(HSK)的听力部分和阅读理解部分也频频出现,但是在对外汉语教学中却一直未受到足够的重视。本文将从惯用语的本体出发,力图通过留学生的惯用语偏误分析,来寻找教学策略。     

Dimensionality reduction approach to multivariate prediction

The authors consider dimensionality reduction methods used for prediction, such as reduced rank regression, principal component regression and partial least squares. They show how it is possible to obtain intermediate solutions by estimating simultaneously the latent variables for the predictors and for the responses. They obtain a continuum of solutions that goes from reduced rank regression to principal component regression via maximum likelihood and least squares estimation. Different solutions are compared using simulated and real data.     

Asymptotic Analysis of the Sieve Estimator for a Class of Parabolic SPDEs

In this paper we consider the problem of estimating a coefficient of a strongly elliptic partial differential operator in stochastic parabolic equations. The coefficient is a bounded function of time. We compute the maximum likelihood estimate of the function on an approximating space (sieve) using a finite number of the spatial Fourier coefficients of the solution and establish conditions that guarantee consistency and asymptotic normality of the resulting estimate as the number of the coefficients increases. The equation is assumed diagonalizable in the sense that all the operators have a common system of eigenfunctions.     

Smoothing for discrete-valued time series

We deal with smoothed estimators for conditional probability functions of discrete-valued time series { Y_t } under two different settings. When the conditional distribution of Y_t given its lagged values falls in a parametric family and depends on exogenous random variables, a smoothed maximum (partial) likelihood estimator for the unknown parameter is proposed. While there is no prior information on the distribution, various nonparametric estimation methods have been compared and the adjusted Nadaraya–Watson estimator stands out as it shares the advantages of both Nadaraya–Watson and local linear regression estimators. The asymptotic normality of the estimators proposed has been established in the manner of sparse asymptotics, which shows that the smoothed methods proposed outperform their conventional, unsmoothed, parametric counterparts under very mild conditions. Simulation results lend further support to this assertion. Finally, the new method is illustrated via a real data set concerning the relationship between the number of daily hospital admissions and the levels of pollutants in Hong Kong in 1994–1995. An ad hoc model selection procedure based on a local Akaike information criterion is proposed to select the significant pollutant indices.     

3-状态部分2-树网络可靠度的一个多项式时间算法

本文利用3-状态设备网络可靠度计算归约公式,结合Wald.J.A.-Colbourn C.J.[1]算法(简称为W-C算法2),给出了3-状态部分2-树网络可靠度的一个多项式时间算法.     

Shrinkage Structure of Partial Least Squares

Partial least squares regression (PLS) is one method to estimate parameters in a linear model when predictor variables are nearly collinear. One way to characterize PLS is in terms of the scaling (shrinkage or expansion) along each eigenvector of the predictor correlation matrix. This characterization is useful in providing a link between PLS and other shrinkage estimators, such as principal components regression (PCR) and ridge regression (RR), thus facilitating a direct comparison of PLS with these methods. This paper gives a detailed analysis of the shrinkage structure of PLS, and several new results are presented regarding the nature and extent of shrinkage.     

A further note on a theorem on the difference of the generalized inverses of two nonnegative definite matrices

Andrews and Phillips (1986) gave a simplified proof for the result that established the nonnegative definiteness of the difference of the Moore-Penrose inverses of two nonoegative definite matrices, a result originally due to Milliken and Akdeniz (1977), The purpose of this paper is to offer a simple proof for a generalization of this result,