“受事＋施事＋vp”型主谓谓语句的句法、篇章功能考察

“受事＋施事＋vp”型主谓谓语句的形成和使用受到句法、篇章的制约。在句法上有强调、突出受事主语和强调、突出补语成分的作用。在篇章中，受事主语有衔接连贯、对比和开启下文的作用，衔接连贯的受事主语能够使文气顺畅；对比的受事主语带有话题焦点的性质；开启下文的受事主语可以使主题统一；施事主语有对比强调和开启下文的作用，对比强调的施事主语带有对比焦点的性质；开启下文的施事主语起到主题统一的作用。     

腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉在高龄患者人工股骨头置换术中的应用

目的探讨腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉(CSEA)用于高龄患者人工股骨头置换手术的可行性。方法将30例72岁以上患者随机分为腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉组(CSEA组,n=16)和硬膜外组(EA组,n=14),记录麻醉起效时间,镇痛效果,阻滞平面及注药前、注药时、注药后15min、30min及术毕几个时间点的收缩压(SDB)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)的变化。结果CSEA组麻醉过程比EA组平稳,麻醉起效时间明显缩短,镇痛完善,肌松好,血流动力学影响小。结论CSEA用于高龄患者人工股骨头置换手术,只要应用得当,可达到安全可靠、满意的麻醉效果。     

推动实验教学方法改革,促进学生创新能力培养

开展实验教学改革能够充分激发学生学习的兴趣 ,拓宽学生的思维。自主综合性实验教学不仅能够培养学生的基本实验技能 ,而且能够培养学生的科学研究能力、独立分析解决实际问题的能力、创新思维与创新能力。实验教学改革实践收到良好的效果。     

儿童性侵犯的犯罪心理分析及防治对策

对儿童性侵犯是一种性质极其恶劣的犯罪行为,会给受害儿童及其家庭带来深重的伤害。因此,如何有效地预防和制止这类犯罪,使我们的孩子免受伤害,是所有家长、教育部门、司法部门和公民应共同承担的责任。针对性侵犯对儿童的伤害、性侵犯者的类型及行为动机进行了心理分析,并在此基础上提出了防治对策。     

民族区域自治理论中自治权与自决权的区别

本文就我国民族区域自治理论“自治权”问题展开探讨 ,认为民族“自决权”和“自治权”有根本的区别 ,并指出对“自治权”和“少数民族人权”的理解要有一个全面的认识     

Behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise among American college students relative to stages of change and gender

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise among university students in terms of gender and stage of change. Participants: Data were collected from American college students (N = 257; M_age ± SD = 23.02 ± 4.05) in Spring 2013. Methods: Behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise were assessed, along with stage of change. Results: Exercisers in the maintenance stage of change displayed significantly more self-determined motivation to exercise and a greater tendency to experience flow than those in preparation and action stages. Significant correlations were observed among behavioral regulations and flow state. Nonsignificant differences were observed for gender on behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise. Conclusions: The results suggest that promotion of self-determined motivation and dispositional flow in exercisers may improve the quality of their experiences, as well as to foster their exercise behavior.     

Human Dose–Response Data for Francisella tularensis and a Dose‐ and Time‐Dependent Mathematical Model of Early‐Phase Fever Associated with Tularemia After Inhalation Exposure

Military health risk assessors, medical planners, operational planners, and defense system developers require knowledge of human responses to doses of biothreat agents to support force health protection and chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear (CBRN) defense missions. This article reviews extensive data from 118 human volunteers administered aerosols of the bacterial agent Francisella tularensis , strain Schu S4, which causes tularemia. The data set includes incidence of early‐phase febrile illness following administration of well‐characterized inhaled doses of F. tularensis . Supplemental data on human body temperature profiles over time available from de‐identified case reports is also presented. A unified, logically consistent model of early‐phase febrile illness is described as a lognormal dose–response function for febrile illness linked with a stochastic time profile of fever. Three parameters are estimated from the human data to describe the time profile: incubation period or onset time for fever; rise time of fever; and near‐maximum body temperature. Inhaled dose‐dependence and variability are characterized for each of the three parameters. These parameters enable a stochastic model for the response of an exposed population through incorporation of individual‐by‐individual variability by drawing random samples from the statistical distributions of these three parameters for each individual. This model provides risk assessors and medical decisionmakers reliable representations of the predicted health impacts of early‐phase febrile illness for as long as one week after aerosol exposures of human populations to F. tularensis .     

Expanded answers to bureaucratic questions: Negotiating access to public healthcare

This article analyzes expanded responses to statistical‐epidemiological questions at a mental health outpatient service at a public hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Bureaucratic questioning is a highly routine activity which supplies information to the biopolitical apparatus of the modern State. We understand that expanded answers are meaningful actions which not only serve individual, local tactics (such as raising personal concerns), but also index higher contextual levels. In this sense, resisting the constraints of a question may also imply resisting State‐defined policies of biopolitical classification and exclusion. We examine, from a discursive interactional point of view, 41 admission interviews held at the outpatient mental health care service. We observe four types of expanded answers which: (a) display competence in bureaucratic discourse; (b) move from the sphere of the public to the private; (c) deal with potential face‐threats; and (d) pre‐empt rejection. Although the former is actually an optimized way of collaboration with the biopolitical order, the latter three types can be seen as actions of resistance to classification, not only symbolically but also in material terms: resisting statistical criteria of exclusion allows clients to negotiate access to mental healthcare.     

Optimal Choice for Appointment Scheduling Window under Patient No‐Show Behavior

Observing that patients with longer appointment delays tend to have higher no‐show rates, many providers place a limit on how far into the future that an appointment can be scheduled. This article studies how the choice of appointment scheduling window affects a provider's operational efficiency. We use a single server queue to model the registered appointments in a provider's work schedule, and the capacity of the queue serves as a proxy of the size of the appointment window. The provider chooses a common appointment window for all patients to maximize her long‐run average net reward, which depends on the rewards collected from patients served and the “penalty” paid for those who cannot be scheduled. Using a stylized M/M/1/K queueing model, we provide an analytical characterization for the optimal appointment queue capacity K, and study how it should be adjusted in response to changes in other model parameters. In particular, we find that simply increasing appointment window could be counterproductive when patients become more likely to show up. Patient sensitivity to incremental delays, rather than the magnitudes of no‐show probabilities, plays a more important role in determining the optimal appointment window. Via extensive numerical experiments, we confirm that our analytical results obtained under the M/M/1/K model continue to hold in more realistic settings. Our numerical study also reveals substantial efficiency gains resulted from adopting an optimal appointment scheduling window when the provider has no other operational levers available to deal with patient no‐shows. However, when the provider can adjust panel size and overbooking level, limiting the appointment window serves more as a substitute strategy, rather than a complement.     

论中国侵权法上的知情同意规则

知情同意规则起源于美国法,后来被许多国家所采纳。中国《医疗机构管理条例》、《执业医师法》等法律法规都确立了这一规则,《侵权责任法》在总结既有立法经验和借鉴比较法经验的基础上,予以发展完善。知情同意规则,应当包括两项要素,即医务人员的告知义务（也称说明义务）、患者或其近亲属的同意。医务人员违反知情同意规则承担的责任应当是过错责任,其所保护的权益包括受害人的隐私权（即自主决定权）、生命权和健康权。在符合责任构成要件时,医务人员要对患者承担责任。医疗机构要依据雇主责任制度对患者承担责任。