新生代农民工的精神文化培养

随着80、90后新生代农民工数量的增加,加强对其精神文化需求的研究越来越具有深刻的现实意义。新生代农民工是一个新兴的群体,是构建"和谐社会"伟大战略的重要推动者。他们一方面追求精神文化生活,但另一方面又在理想和现实的碰撞中挣扎。对新生代农民工群体特征进行描述,分析其精神文化缺失的原因,并针对原因提出了相应建议:完善法律制度,保障新生代农民工劳动权益;加强政府引导,完善公共文化设施建设;企业主动关心,提升新生代农民工的归属感;关注农村基层,营造农村精神文化新风。     

新型城镇化与农民工的梯度转移

新型城镇化的提出是在我国城市化已达到一定水平的前提下,对以往城市化过程中可能产生的问题以及城市本质的重大反思,是对以往发展思路的一次重大调整。在新型城镇化的具体实现过程中,需要将农民工的梯度转移与我国城市的不同层级结构结合起来考虑,从而实现农民工的迁移意愿和不同层级城市经济、社会发展之间的协调对接,既能使不同的农民工群体为不同层级城市的发展贡献力量,又能以恰当的方式实现不同的农民工群体向不同层级城市转移的意愿。     

城市农民工社会保障问题的思考

城市化是有着丰富涵义的社会变迁过程。城市农民工作为我国城市化进程中的一个特定部分,由于体制、环境以及自身素质等方面因素,使得他们对于城市知觉处于一种普遍的焦虑之中。他们的社会保障由于缺乏应有的制度安排,而成为城市中的弱势族群。关注城市农民工的生存状况,妥善解决农民工的社会保障是解决当前中国农民工问题的关键所在。     

河北省青年农民的道德现状及其构建

在中国加入WTO后 ,必将对经济、政治、社会文化等各方面产生深远的影响 ,农村青年作为一个对农村建设发挥着重要作用的特殊群体 ,在思想道德素质方面 ,如何适应这种变化 ,是一个值得研究的重大课题。本文采用抽样调查的方式 ,分析了河北省青年农民的道德状况 ,提出了构建适应新时期需要的、适合我省青年农民实际的道德建设对策。     

农民增收与体制保障问题研究

农民增收是解决“三农”问题的关键。当前 ,我国农民收入增长缓慢的根本原因是体制性制约因素。因此 ,要促进农民增收 ,就必须消除影响农民增收的体制障碍。     

农民工返乡创业风险的生成逻辑

农民工返乡创业风险既有个体风险，也有社会风险。基于农民工返乡创业失败典型案例，利用风险感知、风险传递和风险的社会放大等理论，聚焦风险酝酿期、风险发展期与风险爆发期，深入剖析不同类型农民工返乡创业风险的相异阶段生成逻辑脉络。其中，农民工返乡创业个体风险生成大致遵循“个体层面因素驱动-风险感知直接偏差-风险传递扩散-个体发展损害”脉络；农民工返乡创业社会风险生成大致遵循“社会层面因素推动-风险感知间接偏差-风险的社会放大-社会发展损害”脉络。因而，针对不同类型农民工返乡创业风险治理，需强化精准思维和整体性治理导向，应以风险治理共同体为“翘板”,助推农民工返乡创业风险治理协作。     

The relationship between employer‐provided training and the retention of older workers: Evidence from Germany

A substantial portion of Germany's workforce will soon retire, making it difficult for businesses to meet their human capital needs; training older workers may help to manage this demographic transition. The authors therefore examine the relationships between employer‐provided training programmes, wages and retirement among older workers. They find that when establishments offer special training programmes targeted at these workers, women – especially low‐paid women – are less likely to retire, possibly because of consequent wage growth. Their results suggest that such targeted training can indeed play an important role in retaining low‐wage older women and advancing their careers.     

The effects of under‐skilling on need for recovery,losing employment and retirement intentions among older office workers: A prospective cohort study

Based on a sample of older workers from the Maastricht Cohort Study, the authors investigate the prevalence and dynamics of self‐reported under‐skilling and its effects on workers' need for recovery, their risk of losing employment and their retirement intentions over a two‐year period. They find that being under‐skilled is associated both with higher levels of need for recovery over time and with the risk of losing employment, but not with early retirement intentions. To achieve sustainable employment, they argue, the course of under‐skilling should be monitored throughout workers' careers, enabling timely interventions to avoid its negative consequences.     

A Pilot Study About the Needs of Older Gays and Lesbians

Abstract

In a pilot study, a population of gay and lesbian elders were surveyed to determine what types of long term plans they have made in preparation for their old age, what types of information they feel service providers need to know to better meet their long-term needs, and what is their perception of aging. The results of this pilot study demonstrated that almost three-fourths of the total sample have started to make plans for growing old. The respondents reported that social workers needed to be more knowledgeable about gay lifestyles and the importance of their partners. It was also found that the views of aging became more positive as the gay and lesbian individuals grow older.     

工人工资决定因素前沿研究综述

劳动者工资如何决定是劳动力经济学中的一个核心问题。本文依据现有的研究文献并加上个人的理解,对工人工资决定因素的前沿文献研究进行梳理和归纳。工人工资主要受制于三个方面因素:工人自身的人力资本特征、市场(或企业)特征以及工人与企业(市场)之间的互动关系。工人自身的人力资本特征是工人获得工资的基础,工人与企业(市场)之间的互动关系反映的是企业(市场)与工人的信息学习和工作安排比较优势在工资决定机制中的作用,市场特征反映的是制度层面对工人工资的影响。工人工资的形成是多种因素共同作用的结果。