Perceived Need for Home- and Community-Based Services: Experiences of Urban Chinese Older Adults With Functional Impairments

Guided by Cantor’s social care model, this study identified individual, family, and social support factors that influence urban older adults’ need for home- and community-based services, including medical and rehabilitation, instrumental care and support, and psychosocial services. The data were extracted from the Sample Survey on Aged Population in Urban/Rural China conducted by the China Research Center on Aging in 2006. Results from multiple logistic regression show that older adults’ need for medical and rehabilitation services is significantly related to instrumental activities of daily living, depression, not having filial children, friend support networks, and having a confidant. Older adults’ need for instrumental care and support is related to their educational attainment, financial strain, instrumental activities of daily living, not living with children, and friend support networks. Finally, older adults’ need for psychosocial services is significantly related to educational attainment, depression, not being married, friend support networks, and having a confidant. Implications for social service development are discussed.     

新时期贪污贿赂犯罪防控问题研究——基于法经济学视角的实证分析

贪污贿赂犯罪人员利用职权谋取私利具有经济学理性特征，因此，其行为必然遵从经济学的基本法则。用经济分析的方法研究了贪污贿赂犯罪的产生机理，探讨了贪污贿赂犯罪的预防措施。基于犯罪经济成本收益理论，通过实证分析，认为应增大犯罪成本，控制犯罪收益，以有效预防和减少贪污贿赂犯罪。     

The adoption of multiple certification standards: perceived performance implications of quality,environmental and health & safety certifications

This study assesses the combined impact of multiple certifications (i.e. ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001) on perceived performance dimensions related to quality, environmental and occupational health and safety. Using survey data collected from 59 Irish manufacturing plants in 2014, we employed MANCOVA and regression analysis to test our proposed hypothesis. The results suggest that companies that are simultaneously ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certified are significantly better performers with regard to environmental and occupational health and safety compared to companies without multiple certifications. However, from a perceived quality performance perspective, having these multiple certifications doesn’t seem to be an effective performance improvement tool.     

从农村基层民主制度运行成本看当前农民政治冷漠的根本原因

我国农村基层民主近年来在广度和深度上都得到了较大发展。但是,在这种发展的表象背后,却隐藏着农民政治冷漠的客观真象。对此,既有的"复合因果论"具有一定解释力,但也有值得补遗之处。农村基层民主制度运行成本与运行绩效的不对称、农民个体承担的基层民主制度运行成本过高才是导致当前农民政治冷漠的根本原因。     

Spanish migrants to European Union countries: predictors of psychological adjustment / Españoles que emigran a países de la Unión Europea: predictores de su ajuste psicológico

In recent years, the migration of Spanish people to other countries in Europe has increased; however, there are hardly any studies on this phenomenon. The aim of this study is to identify the predictive sociodemographic and psychosocial factors of psychological adjustment (life satisfaction and absence of internalizing symptoms) of emigrants and to determine the indirect effects of these factors through perceived stress. This study also seeks to examine whether the psychological adjustment of Spanish emigrants was similar to Spanish non-emigrants. The sample was made up of a group of Spanish emigrants to Germany and England (n = 858) and an equivalent control group of Spanish non-emigrants (n = 328). The results show that fulfilment of expectations, emotional support and job quality are the best predictors of perceived stress and psychological adjustment. These factors are confirmed to have indirect effects on psychological adjustment through perceived stress. Finally, the mental health of emigrants and non-emigrants was similar, and the implications of these findings are discussed.     

考虑储存成本的集装箱公铁联运路径优化

联运企业的效益受运输路径和运输方式的影响。如何降低联运成本、提高联运企业的效益,已成为学术研究的重中之重。针对集装箱公铁联运路径优化问题,以运输成本、换装成本、储存成本、时间惩罚成本构成的运输总成本为目标函数,建立集装箱公铁联运路径优化模型,考虑运输时间限制、班期限制、节点储存成本,得出使运输总成本最低的运输路径及运输方式,并利用算例验证模型的有效性。     

1981—2014年中国资本服务流量测算——基于截断正态退役分布和几何役龄效率剖面

通过梳理资本核算理论框架,结合中国实际情况测量了1981-2014年资本服务流量。资本分类、组合役龄效率-退役剖面计算、资本回报率确定和初始单位效率生产性资本存量估计等方面与既有研究有所不同。测量结果表明:按照1990年不变价格,各类资本服务流量呈增加趋势,其中无形资产服务流量前期较为波动;设备类服务流量增速最高;总资本服务增长率前期呈V型后期呈倒U型,与GDP增速变动不一致,整体来看前者高于后者;比较发现测量结果高于其它研究,差距先收敛后扩大。     

An upper bound on the minimal total cost of the transportation problem with varying demands and supplies

In general cases, to find the exact upper bound on the minimal total cost of the transportation problem with varying demands and supplies is an NP-hard problem. In literature, there are only two approaches with several shortcomings to solve the problem. In this paper, the problem is formulated as a bi-level programming model, and proven to be solvable in a polynomial time if the sum of the lower bounds for all the supplies is no less than the sum of the upper bounds for all the demands; and a heuristic algorithm named TPVDS-A based on genetic algorithm is developed as an efficient and robust solution method of the model. Computational experiments on benchmark and new randomly generated instances show that the TPVDS-A algorithm outperforms the two existing approaches.     

The belonging model of trust

Although we know that high‐quality employee–organization relationships are beneficial, these relationships are complex and not fully understood, especially among employees of nonprofit organizations. In particular, we know little about how these employees perceive trust, which may overlook an important contributor to effective management. We begin to address this issue by testing a new theoretical model that conceptualizes perceived insider status, psychological ownership, and organizational identification as foundations for the perception of justice and subsequent trust. Our results indicate that psychological ownership and perceived insider status relate to trust through procedural and interpersonal justice. These results contrast those typically found in for‐profit contexts in that organizational identification did not predict justice and that distributive and informational justice did not predict trust.     

房价对企业技术创新产出的成本效应与投资效应研究——基于A股上市公司数据的实证分析

文章将房价对企业创新水平的影响归结为"成本效应"及"投资效应"两种影响机制，并分析了房地产价格、房产性投资行为、房产性投资的深化以及企业技术创新产出之间的关系。文章的创新之处在于，将创新要素投入和创新管理水平作为中介变量，从理论和实证两方面检验房价和创新产出的关系。基于提出的理论观点利用A股上市公司数据，对研究假设进行了实证研究，得到如下结论：房价对企业技术创新水平的影响机制至少是通过"成本效应"与"投资效应"两条渠道实现的；房价对企业技术创新水平的"成本效应"是通过技术创新投入作为中介对技术创新成果产生影响；房价对企业技术创新水平的"投资效应"是通过技术创新管理水平作为中介对技术创新成果产生影响；未能证实房产性投资会挤压上市公司技术创新投入。文章的研究结论具有以下重要政策启示意义：应当重视房地产价格对企业技术创新产出的"成本效应"。在新旧动能转换的背景下，创新人才的稀缺性提高了其在劳动力市场的议价能力，作为生活必需品的房屋价格上涨，会导致创新人才的劳动力价格随之上涨，这势必加大企业技术创新投入的负担，影响企业的转型升级和长期发展质量；A股企业的房地产投资并未挤压技术创新投入，但降低了企业创新的效率。在政策上，应当制定相关技术创新效率的考察指标，促进骨干型企业重视其创新效率的提升。