糖化血红蛋白、糖化白蛋白及空腹血糖在糖尿病诊断中的价值

目的：评估糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血清糖化白蛋白（Glycated Albumin,GA）及空腹血糖（Fasting Plasma Glucose, FPG）在糖尿病（ Diabetes Mellitus,DM）患者早期诊断中的价值。方法收集2010～2013年浙江省台州医院同时检测HbA1c、GA及FPG的人群的相关数据,分为糖尿病组和非糖尿病组,进行受试者工作特征曲线（ Receiver Operator Character-istic curve,ROC曲线）分析以得出3种指标诊断DM的cut-off值、曲线下面积（ Area Under the Curve,AUC）其灵敏度、特异性,再进一步计算3种指标联合诊断DM的灵敏度及特异性。结果①DM组的HbA1c、GA及FPG均高于非DM 组（ HbA1c：9．14％vs．5．84％, P ＝0．000;GA：24．8mmol/Lvs．13．8mmol/L, P ＝0．000;FPG：9．65mmol/L vs．5．77mmol/L, P ＝0．000）。②HbA1c诊断DM的cut-off值为6．85％,AUC为0．911,灵敏度为84．2％,特异性为96．2％;GA诊断DM的cut-off值为17．5,AUC为0．881,灵敏度为71．6％,特异性为93．6％;FPG诊断DM的cut-off值为7．52mmol/L,AUC为0．836,灵敏度为70．2％,特异性为82．1％。③HbA1c、GA及FPG联合诊断DM的灵敏度及特异性分别为91．1％,76．3％。结论HbA1c、GA及FPG对DM皆有诊断价值,其中HbA1c的诊断DM效能最大。 HbA1c、GA及FPG联合诊断可提高DM诊断的灵敏度,在DM筛查中具有重要价值。     

Underground storage tanks (UST): A closer investigation statistical implications to changing the shape of a UST

ABSTRACT

Gasoline service stations that use underground storage tanks (UST) assume that the manufactured tank is an ideal cylindrical shape. This cross-sectional shape plays a crucial role in determining a functional form for the volume of liquid that remains inside the tank. In industry, these formulas are used to compute strapping charts. But realistically, the manufacture, assembly, and installation of a tank may have deviation from the actual tank design (for which strapping charts had been developed). A theoretical volume function (based on tank dimensions) is used alongside of statistical methodology to reconcile volume differences in gasoline dispensed at the pump meters versus that displaced inside the tank. Statistical inventory reconciliation of this nature falls within the family of leak detection methods approved by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and the California Water Resources Board. This methodology can also be used to assess deformation of the cross-sectional shape of the tank. We consider a deformation to an ellipse. Through simulation, we estimate the tank dimensions based on a nonlinear model with normal errors. The use of normal errors naturally facilitates a likelihood ratio test. Through this exploration, an approximation function is developed to help improve the power of the likelihood ratio test.     

An extension of the relaxation algorithm for solving a special case of capacitated arc routing problems

In this paper, we propose an exact method for solving a special integer program associated with the classical capacitated arc routing problems (CARPs) called split demand arc routing problems (SDARP). This method is developed in the context of monotropic programming theory and bases a promising foundation for developing specialized algorithms in order to solve general integer programming problems. In particular, the proposed algorithm generalizes the relaxation algorithm developed by Tseng and Bertsekas (Math. Oper. Res. 12(4):569–596, 1987) for solving linear programming problems. This method can also be viewed as an alternative for the subgradient method for solving Lagrangian relaxed problems. Computational experiments show its high potential in terms of efficiency and goodness of solutions on standard test problems.     

基于DYNAFORM的对拼焊板拉深坯料优化

针对当前激光拼焊件拉深过程高成本、低效率以及工艺复杂等问题,文章建立了一个激光拼焊板拉深坯料焊缝 布置模型。首先通过单向拉伸实验获取高强度钢板DP780及超高强度钢板DP1180的力学性能参数,并将这些参数代 入CAE模拟软件中,以提高模拟的准确性。经筛选确定2个极值代表方案,通过对比得出优化焊缝方位布置模型,并从 理论上说明了此模型优于其他模型的原因,其后对最优模型进行物理实验。实验证实该模型在完成拼焊板拉深工艺时, 不仅可以降低生产成本、提高生产效率,同时还能降低工艺复杂程度。该模型可为复杂拼焊件冲压成形的生产实践提供 理论指导。     

血浆sST2联合NT-proBNP对急诊心衰患者生存状况的预测价值

目的：探讨血浆sST2联合NT-proBNP对急诊心衰患者生存状况的预测价值.方法选择急诊心衰患者130例,分为心功能Ⅱ级组、心功能Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组,对照组选择健康的体检者60例.对3组NT-proBNP及血浆sST2水平进行观察对比,对心功能不同分级患者NT-proBNP及血浆sST2水平进行比较,比较NT-proBNP,sST2,NT-proBNP联合血浆sST2对心衰患者死亡状况的预测价值.结果随心功能分级递增,NT-proBNP水平逐渐升高, sST2曲线下面积(0.776)及NT-proBNP对死亡判定的ROC曲线与NT-proBNP曲线下面积(0.775)相比较没有明显差异,但二者联合曲线下面积为0.813,与NT-proBNP 及sST2曲线下面积相比较差异显著. sST2联合NT-proBNP进行心衰患者死亡状况预测时的敏感度为99.0%,特异度为93.2%.结论作为急诊心衰患者诊断、预后和风险评估的主要标志物,sST2联合NT-proBNP对患者生存状况进行评估可以很好地预测患者的生存状况,提高准确度和敏感度,值得在临床上推广应用.     

牵引供电系统电弧故障的自适应继电保护

对牵引供电系统高阻电弧故障模型进行了详细分析,建立了电弧故障仿真模型,并对电弧故障信号特征进行了讨论。在此基础上,提出了一种基于神经网络的自适应多参量继电保护方法,为复杂故障的自适应保护提供了一条新的途径     

全金属结构氩离子激光器输出功率与磁场强度的关系

将氩离子激光器置于轴向磁场中,不仅可以减少离子对管壁的轰击,延长激光器的寿命,而且能提高激光器的佃出功率和转换效率,本文从引入磁场后激光器内电子数目增加、磁场对电子空间分布的影响及塞曼效应三个方面作了理论分析,证实存在一最佳磁场,理论结果与实验结果基本相符。     

Impacts of HIV/AIDS on poor and socially marginalised former commercial plasma donors in rural central China: social work implications

Little is known about the impact of HIV/AIDS on people who acquired the virus through former commercial plasma donations in the mid-1990s in rural Central China. The objective of this study was to examine socioeconomic impacts associated with HIV/AIDS on poor farm workers and their families, with a particular focus on economic hardships and social exclusion. The findings from 30 interviews reveal the profound effects of deteriorating health on labour power loss. The well-being of people living with HIV/AIDS was immensely affected by the loss of income, debts due to health-related expenses and a lack of alternate sources of income. Social exclusion and HIV/AIDS-related stigma remain significant issues in a workplace, funerals, and weddings. This article highlights the economic impacts of HIV/AIDS on China’s rural population and provides recommendations for social workers to mitigate the impacts of social exclusion on vulnerable rural households in China.     

考虑人车混采的道路信息采集的路径规划研究

本文考虑了道路信息外业采集的任务要求,人车混采的采集方式以及路网特性等方面,为道路信息采集人员的路径规划建立了满足人车混采约束的整数规划模型;提出了分阶段的转化算法,将其逐步转化为有限时间容量限制的弧路径问题(TCARP)。TCARP问题是一种NP-hard问题,精确求解算法无法在合理时间内得到问题的最优解,因此本文设计了求解TCARP问题的两种快速启发式算法TPS和TUH及其随机化版本;考虑到实际采集问题的大规模特性,在两种快速启发式算法的基础上构造GRASP-PA寻优算法。最后分别结合不同规模的基准算例和实际采集算例证明了本文所构造的算法的有效性。     

社会培训在高职院校专业建设中的作用

通过对焊接专业开展职业培训以及专业建设过程的实践,提出了高职学院开展社会职业培训在整个专业建设中的重要性,探讨了高职院校焊接专业结合职业培训进行专业建设的可行性与具体措施,阐明了开展社会职业培训在整个专业建设过程中的地位和作用。