建设云南生态安全屏障的科技需求与对策研究

生态安全屏障问题已经成为我国新时期经济社会发展的重大主题之一,而科技对支撑生态安全建设起着举足轻重的作用。云南是我国“两屏三带一区多点”国家生态安全屏障体系中“黄土高原—川滇生态屏障”的重要组成部分,随着云南省桥头堡建设的推进和国家“一带一路”战略的提出,云南省生态安全屏障建设的科技需求进一步增强。云南生态安全屏障建设的科技需求主要体现在促进生态保护、加强生态治理、推进绿色生态发展三个方面。构建云南省生态安全屏障,应以建设生态科技工程为重要载体和主要抓手,从建设跨境生态雨林、跨境河流、沿边生态走廊、天然林、高原湖泊、节能环保、绿色生态庄园、健康照护基地等方面入手来开展工作。     

Large-Scale Urban Projects in Smaller Metro Areas: Towards a Broader Conceptual Perspective

Large-scale projects seem to be as popular in urban politics as they are risky in implementation. Existing research shows a certain bias towards studying projects in large metropolitan regions. The paper aims at extending the scope of research on large-scale urban projects by analysing such projects in a smaller metropolitan area. The case of the city region and country of Luxembourg shows that decision-makers in small metropolitan regions also make use of large-scale urban projects as a planning and place-making instrument. The case is also used to explore methodological approaches of examining the symbolic nature and discursive place-making dimension of planning large-scale projects, and proposes a methodological approach based on constructivist grounded theory and situational analysis of discourses.     

Critical indicators for assessing the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development in China

It is widely recognized that the coordinated development between urban and rural areas can not only narrow gaps in infrastructure between urban and rural areas, promote balanced development in rural areas in terms of society, economy and environment, but is also an effective way to address issues facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers. In line with this, development of infrastructure projects has been an important means for promoting coordinated urban-rural development in developing countries (such as China). However, there is a lack of indicators that can be used to assess the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development. This paper thus attempts to present a set of critical indicators for evaluating the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development in the particular context of Chongqing, Western China.First, a list of optional indicators that are with potential for assessing the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development is presented based on examination on related project feasibility reports, official reports and literature. Then 42 indicators are identified from the optional list through a questionnaire survey. By using the data collected, the relative level of significance of each indicator is derived. Finally, an indicator system consisting of 19 critical indicators is established based on results of principle component analysis. The applicability and significance of the identified indicators for assessing the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development are discussed as well.     

从印度IRCON公司看国有企业在国际工程中的竞争策略

中国加入WTO后 ,国有建筑企业将面临新的机遇和挑战 ,本文分析了印度IRCON公司快速发展的经验教训 ,对我国企业应当采取的竞争策略进行了研究     

当代中国人文学之“内外兼修”

20世纪90年代以来,中国的社会政治、经济、文化均发生巨大转变。处此巨变中的人文学,既面临前所未有的困境,亦有不少转机:在日渐"分离"的大学校园,社会科学发展迅猛,人文学则越发退居边缘,风光不再,已是不争的事实;但同时,由于十年来的大学扩招,接受高等教育的人数倍增,民众对人文学的兴趣转浓,与"国学热"形成相互呼应之势;而各高校对"素质教育"的提倡,和"通识课程"的逐渐落实,虽仍在不断的自我调整之中,但均以"人文学"为知识传授的核心,也为人文学预留了巨大的发展空间。人文学当前面临的最大问题,可能还不是其在大学中的地位相对下降,而是被按照工程或社会科学的模样进行的改造,各类学术工程和评审文化在大学里大行其道,其发展日趋数字化、模式化,使人文学特有的灵性和精神受到损害,变得平淡、僵硬、了无趣味。     

国际工程多代理系统中的代理沟通机制

在信息技术应用相对落后的建筑业,多代理系统理论开辟了一个研究领域。通过对基于互联网的国际工程信息系统的研究,提出一套多代理系统(multi-agent system,MAS)的国际工程代理沟通机制。该研究成果加快了多代理系统从理论研究到实际应用的进展,为多代理系统在国际工程领域的应用提供了理论支持,同时对类似的多代理系统设计具有实际参考价值。     

我国基础设施建设财政融资机制评析

基础设施建设具有投资规模大、回收期长、直接经济效益不明显等特征 ,其健康持续发展不宜依赖某一种单一机制。我国基建领域逐渐改变了中央财政融资机制的惟一性 ,形成了拨改贷融资机制、政策性融资机制及债务融资机制复合运行的基建融资格局。在我国目前的经济环境下 ,财政融资应加大与信贷和证券融资机制融合力度 ,进一步拓宽基建融资渠道。     

农林开发项目环境影响评价的探讨

我国生态形势十分严峻,水产品的污染、水土流失和土地沙化威胁着国家生态安全。农林类开发项目的环境影响评价问题日益重视。阐述了某些农林类开发项目的污染特点及水、大气、固体废弃物、土壤、生态、风险、景观、安全等环境影响评价内容,提出了相应的评价指标,并提出图像法、森林生态系统健康评价法在景观评价中的应用。     

大型基础设施项目融资风险动态评价体系研究

提出以“融资风险阶段划分-分担-评价”为主线的融资风险评价体系。基于“新两阶段论”把融资风险划分为缔约阶段融资风险和履约阶段融资风险;针对划分后的融资风险,构建灰色关联度和TOPSIS法相结合的分担模型;利用遗传算法优化支持向量机,在融资风险分担完成后,对融资风险展开评价;以青岛胶州湾海底隧道为例进行实证研究。研究表明:该评价体系实现了“动态性”“针对性”和“准确性”,是科学合理的,可以为大型基础设施项目中各利益攸关方及时准确地掌握各自的融资风险状况提供帮助。     

项目进村中村干部角色及村庄治理型态

村干部在村庄治理中扮演着关键角色,但在实践中村干部行为却出现了日益权变的趋向。通过对S省J县7个村庄的项目进村的案例比较研究发现:村庄资源禀赋与公众参与是影响和塑造村干部角色与行为的关键变量。项目进村中,村干部角色在国家“代理人”与村庄“当家人”的制度角色定位中出现了变异或偏移,呈现出“撞钟型”“横暴型”“分利型”“协调型”干部四种行为类型,村庄治理也由此呈现为“沉默秩序”“普力夺秩序”“谋利秩序”和“多元治理秩序”四种治理型态。新时代乡村治理重心下移,对村干部角色具有纠偏和规制效应,促使村干部角色回归其应然位置,促进乡村多元有序治理和良善秩序的生成。