《论语》"吾未尝无诲"句考辨

《论语》“吾未尝无诲”句原为“吾未尝无悔”,本章原本之主旨不是孔子“有教无类”之教育精神的自白,而是自我反省、自我完善之“谨饬砥砺”精神的自白。《论语》原用的是“束修”一词,而不是“束”;“束修”之本义,指十五岁成童束发修身。     

Axiomatization of a Preference for Most Probable Winner

In binary choice between discrete outcome lotteries, an individual may prefer lottery L₁ to lottery L₂ when the probability that L₁ delivers a better outcome than L₂ is higher than the probability that L₂ delivers a better outcome than L₁. Such a preference can be rationalized by three standard axioms (solvability, convexity and symmetry) and one less standard axiom (a fanning-in). A preference for the most probable winner can be represented by a skew-symmetric bilinear utility function. Such a utility function has the structure of a regret theory when lottery outcomes are perceived as ordinal and the assumption of regret aversion is replaced with a preference for a win. The empirical evidence supporting the proposed system of axioms is discussed.     

歌剧《伤逝·风萧瑟》的音乐分析及演唱处理

歌剧《伤逝》改编自鲁迅先生的同名小说《伤逝》,《风萧瑟》是这部歌剧中"秋"的一部分,也是一首咏叹调女高音歌曲。本文从作者创作背景、音乐形象、演唱处理等方面对这首咏叹调歌曲进行分析,认为《风萧瑟》这首歌曲唱词优美简洁、富有诗意,旋律哀婉动人、引人入胜。     

湘娥即屈原 屈原即少陵

屈原作《湘夫人》抒发约黄昏而不见之哀怨，托二妃神话以寄犹冀一遇之意。杜甫步尘屈原，作《湘夫人祠》抒发湘妃祠破败荒凉之慨，借苍梧遗十艮以寓眷恋不忘之意。时代变迁，湘夫人祠庙貌沧桑冷寂，杜甫落魄楚地，谒祠凭吊屈原和湘夫人。其《湘夫人祠》犹近体中《湘夫人》。屈原与杜甫似乎命中注定要走在一起，两个冤魂，抒同一情怀，悲凉之身，沉同一条江。屈原《湘夫人》与杜甫《湘夫人祠》乃借他人酒杯以浇自己心中块磊，这是因为他们从湘妃苍梧遗恨中看到了自己的影子。正是：湘娥即屈原，屈原即少陵。     

网络购物中消费者后悔应对策略的维度与量表

基于消费者应对策略,采用规范的量表开发流程,对网络购物中消费者后悔应对策略的维度与量表进行了探索。结果表明,其维度应该是计划解决、表达应对、心理摆脱与坦然接受,而表达应对又包括网下寻求社会支持以及网上表达应对（网上寻求安慰和社交平台诉说）。同时,设计开发出具有良好信度与效度的测评量表。该研究丰富了消费者应对策略,并对网商进行消费者后悔管理有重要启示。     

Prosocial risk taking and interpersonal regret in children: An individual differences study

The relations between prosocial risk taking (taking a risk to benefit another person; PSRT) and interpersonal regret (regret that one's choices have caused a poor outcome for another person) were examined in 192 children aged 7–9. PSRT was measured by children's choices within a gambling task in which one choice guaranteed participants a good prize whereas the other involved risking this prize to help a peer also win a good prize. Interpersonal regret was assessed within the same task by examining children's change in emotion when they learned they would have won a better prize for a peer had they chosen differently. Performance on this task was also examined in relation to sympathy and resource sharing. Findings indicated that the operationalizations of PSRT and interpersonal regret were meaningful. Children who took a prosocial risk were more generous in a resource sharing task. In some circumstances, children who took a prosocial risk were also more likely to experience interpersonal regret than those who did not take a prosocial risk, indicating that experiencing interpersonal regret may be related to individual differences in prosociality. However, experiencing interpersonal regret did not have a direct effect on subsequent prosocial behavior, when measured by resource sharing. We consider findings in relation to a possible distinction between outcome and process regret and the generalizability of the behavioral consequences of regret.     

Dynamic Choice, Independence and Emotions

From the viewpoint of the independence axiom of expected utility theory, an interesting empirical dynamic choice problem involves the presence of a “global risk,” that is, a chance of losing everything whichever safe or risky option is chosen. In this experimental study, participants have to allocate real money between a safe and a risky project. Treatment variable is the particular decision stage at which a global risk is resolved: (i) before the investment decision; (ii) after the investment decision, but before the resolution of the decision risk; (iii) after the resolution of the decision risk. The baseline treatment is without global risk. Our goal is to investigate the isolation effect and the principle of timing independence under the different timing options of the global risk. In addition, we examine the role played by anticipated and experienced emotions in the choice problem. Main findings are a violation of the isolation effect, and support for the principle of timing independence. Although behavior across the different global risk cases shows similarities, we observe clear differences in people’s affective responses. This may be responsible for the conflicting results observed in earlier experiments. Dependent on the timing of the global risk different combinations of anticipated and experienced emotions influence decision making.      

法经济学视野的消费者后悔权及其立法构想

由于诱导或者欺诈等原因,消费者购物后容易后悔。研究表明。消费者后悔权在本质上是一种合同撤销权,不仅能更好地保护消费者权益,而且在解决信息不对称、促进资源有效配置等方面也具有重要作用。由于存在消费者滥用权利的可能,应从行使权利的时间等方面进行规制。     

论汉魏六朝文人俗赋

汉魏六朝文人俗赋冲破了辞赋宫廷化、贵族化的藩篱,将眼光投向社会下层和世俗人生,题材内容丰富,构思巧妙,风格诙谐,在传统文人雅赋之外别立一格,使赋坛上雅俗共存,典丽与通俗兼容,大大丰富了汉魏六朝赋坛的景观。同时,我们又清楚地看到,文人俗赋数量不多,创作队伍不大,发展举步维艰、徘徊不前,在雅文学的夹缝中浮沉挣扎。这种局面实在是汉魏六朝雅文学强势地位的结果,也是文学为贵族所垄断时代之必然。     

家国旧情迷纸上，兴亡遗恨照灯前——陈三立“崎庐诗”主题思想研究

陈三立“蜻庐诗”是由历年省墓述哀诗组成，但它已超越了单纯的悼亡的含义，而具有特殊的“感兴”。组诗主题由父子之情述及理想与现实的矛盾，进而拓展到家父君国、兴亡遗恨的体认，透视出历史与现实的人生大关怀。在“家国旧情、兴亡遗恨”的主题下，情庐诗的悲感更具有普遍的社会意义，彰显了义宁家族精神传统中“国身通一”的思想。