Risk Perception and Information Processing: The Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Assess Self‐Reported Information Processing

The role of information processing in understanding people's responses to risk information has recently received substantial attention. One limitation of this research concerns the unavailability of a validated questionnaire of information processing. This article presents two studies in which we describe the development and validation of the Information‐Processing Questionnaire to meet that need. Study 1 describes the development and initial validation of the questionnaire. Participants were randomized to either a systematic processing or a heuristic processing condition after which they completed a manipulation check and the initial 15‐item questionnaire and again two weeks later. The questionnaire was subjected to factor reliability and validity analyses on both measurement times for purposes of cross‐validation of the results. A two‐factor solution was observed representing a systematic processing and a heuristic processing subscale. The resulting scale showed good reliability and validity, with the systematic condition scoring significantly higher on the systematic subscale and the heuristic processing condition significantly higher on the heuristic subscale. Study 2 sought to further validate the questionnaire in a field study. Results of the second study corresponded with those of Study 1 and provided further evidence of the validity of the Information‐Processing Questionnaire. The availability of this information‐processing scale will be a valuable asset for future research and may provide researchers with new research opportunities.     

Modified genetic algorithm-based clustering for probability density functions

This article modifies two internal validity measures and applies them to evaluate the quality of clustering for probability density functions (pdfs). Based on these measures, we propose a new modified genetic algorithm called GA-CDF to establish the suitable clusters for pdfs. The proposed algorithm is tested by four numerical examples including two synthetic data sets and two real data sets. These examples illustrate the superiority of proposed algorithm over some existing algorithms in evaluating the internal or external validity measures. It demonstrates the feasibility and applicability of the GA-CDF for practical problems in data mining.     

情绪化进食量表在高校大学生中应用的信效度检验——以黄山学院为例

为考察情绪化进食量表在黄山学院中的适用情况,采用EES对600名黄山学院大学生进行施测,同时施测正负性情绪量表（PANAS）,采用探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、相关分析、信度检验、方差分析进行研究。结果表明：（1）情绪化进食量表的正式量表包括17项条目;（2）经探索性因素分析发现中文版EES由4个因子构成,共解释63.934%的方差变异;（3）验证性因素分析表明量表的4个因素结构模型拟合良好;（4）情绪化进食量表的信效度良好,信度分析表明总量表的α系数为0.879;（5）女生在积极情绪方面显著高于男生,在抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、敌对情绪3个因子上差异不显著。总之,EES中文版具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为测量情绪加工的有效工具在黄山学院大学生中使用。     

关系保持策略量表在中国人群中的初步试用

为了满足亲密关系的研究和婚姻家庭心理咨询的实际需要，对国外该领域中广泛采用的“关系保持策略量表”（RMSM）进行了翻译和修订，并使用一个包含246名被试的样本对该量表的信效度进行了检验。统计分析表明，修订后的中文版RMSM具有较高的信度和效度，符合心理测量学的基本要求。使用中文版RMSM，以818名已婚人士为研究对象，对中国人的关系保持策略特点进行了调查。结果表明：性别、文化程度、家庭收入、年龄、结婚年限、子女等因素都会影响中国人婚姻关系保持策略。     

不可抗力的法律效力

本文对不可抗力的基本理论和法律效力等问题加以论述。     

城市居民旅游环境影响与社会文化影响感知问卷量表的开发

城市居民旅游感知研究,对了解和掌握当地居民对旅游发展的态度与行为意义重大,是旅游地可持续发展的必然要求。作者针对国内城市居民旅游感知进行量表开发,先查阅了大量的国内外相关学术文献,接着进行了深入的文献研究,在此基础上设计了调查问卷初稿,问卷初稿包括居民旅游经济影响感知、旅游环境影响感知、旅游社会文化影响感知、旅游发展态度和满意的总体感知、居民参与旅游发展经营管理水平感知等五个维度,每个维度包括正面影响、负面影响两个构面。随后对初试问卷进行小样本调查,根据小样本调查的数据,使用统计分析软件SPSS16.0进行数据分析,对问卷量表进行信度和效度检验,对问卷测量题项进行净化,剔除相关度较低的测量项目,最终形成正式问卷。分析结果证明,量表具有很高的信度和效度。因篇幅所限,文章只对旅游环境影响感知、旅游社会文化影响感知二个维度的净化过程进行论述。     

未成年人犯罪案件社会调查制度冷思考

藉由基层司法机关之推动,大量运行于我国司法实践的未成年人犯罪案件社会调查制度面临诸多问题:合法性不足及其衍生的制度异化;调查过程走过场与调查结论不可靠;调查报告的肤浅粗放与调查结论的格式化;调查报告影响下的过分量刑迁就和盲目轻刑化.只有科学的制度设计才能彻底解决这些问题,社会调查制度才能回归其本义,也才可能在少年司法中发挥其应有的积极效用.     

Validity and reliability of proposed framework of manufacturing excellence in the Indian industry

This article presents the findings of the empirical study of proposed framework of manufacturing excellence (ME) in the Indian industry. The study includes companies from five major sectors, namely automobile, process, machines and equipment, electronics and components and textile. Responses from 90 companies were analysed to explore the validity and reliability of the proposed framework of ME in Indian industry. The developed questionnaire is outlined along with the results obtained from the analysis of the data from the Indian industry. The framework shows high level of reliability and validity.     

Investigating the Structural Validity of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales Across Two Samples

Ryff’s (1989b) Psychological Well-Being (PWB) scales measure six related constructs of human functioning. The present paper examined the validity of Ryff’s 6-factor PWB model, using data from a life events study (N = 401) and an organisational climate study (N = 679). Previous validation studies, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), have identified alternative PWB models, but limitations include the use of shorter scale versions with items relating to a number of life domains within the same PWB factor, and failure to examine the influence of participants’ socio-demographic characteristics on PWB. In this study, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) mostly found consistency in the PWB items and structure between the two studies whereby a 3-factor model delineated between items relating to Autonomy, Positive Relations and a super-ordinate factor comprising the other PWB factors. Using CFA, Goodness of Fit indices reached acceptable levels for the adjusted PWB model identified by the EFA, whilst differences between adjusted models of PWB previously identified in the literature were hardly evident. Post-hoc analysis by gender demonstrated socio-demographic effects on the structure and items that comprise PWB. Further development of PWB measures is needed to reflect its hierarchical and multi-dimensional nature. In the scales’ current form, the construct validation of the PWB factors will continue to be problematic and will fail to adequately evaluate the nature and impact of PWB.     

对外贸易对河南省GDP贡献的实证分析

对1985-2007年有关贸易数据的计量分析表明,河南的对外贸易对本省GDP的增长具有较大的拉动力,但出口产品结构层次不高等问题导致河南对外贸易效益低下。改变现有的贸易方式,提高河南经济的国际竞争力,应当从加快转变贸易增长方式、扩大自有品牌产品出口、大力发展加工贸易、适度扩大进口、鼓励境外投资等方面着手。